AWS SHF-2003 Safety and Health Fact Sheets (Third Edition)《安全和健康事实表 第3版》.pdf
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1、Safety and He Fact Sheets Third Edition !alth Key Words-Safety, health, fact sheets, fire, noise fumes, gases, electrical, training, equipment, practices, Safety and Health Fact Sheets Third Edition Prepared by AWS Project Committee on Labeling and Safe Practices Under the Direction of AWS Committee
2、 on Safety and Health Abstract This document brings together 25 individual Safety and Health Fact Sheets dealing with many aspects of safety and health applicable to all welding, cutting, and related processes. Subjects such as fumes and gases, radiation, noise and electrical hazards, in addition to
3、 hazards faced by welders such as mechanical hazards and falling objects, and sources of additional information for each sheet are included. American Welding Society 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126 International Standard Book Number: 0-87 17 1-7 14-X American Welding Society, 550 N.W. Le
4、Jeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 O 2003 by American Welding Society. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America This document is published as a service and convenience to the welding industry. The materials in this document have not been independently reviewed or verified and are offere
5、d only as information. AWS assumes no responsibility for any claim that may arise from the use of this information. Users should make independent investigations to determine the applicability of this information for their purposes. I Personnel AWS Safety and Health Committee S. R. Fiore, Chair D. E.
6、 Clark, Ist Vice Chair S. P. Hedrick, Secretary J. M. Antonini K. Bancroft K. L. Brown C. W. Dufield J. D. Jennings S. F. Kane K. A. Lyttle A. F. Mum *O. J. Fisher *J. F. Hinrichs *M. T. Neu *R. J. Simonton *D. H, Sliney *R. J. Tucker, *R. M. Tuggle *M. E. Wallace A. F. Manz, Chair S. P. Hedrick, Se
7、cretary W. D. Beisner K. L. Brown J. W. Dimler J. L. Hege J. E. Hernandez S. R. Jana J. D. Jennings C. W. Pliilp J. O. Reynolds M. P. Snyder A. B. Spencer *D. G. Anderson *G. C. Barnes *D. Diaz *J. C. Steinmetz Edison Welding Institute Idaho National Engineering Laboratory American Welding Society N
8、IOSH Consultant The Lincoln Electric Company U.S. Geological Survey Miller Electric Manufacturing Company Brookhaven National Laboratory Praxair, Incorporated A. E. Manz Associates Consultant Friction Stir Link, Incorporated Caterpillar, Incorporated Sandia National Laboratories U.S. Army Center Con
9、sultant U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Public Health Service Committee on Labeling and Safe Practices A. F. Manz Associates American Welding Society Thermal Arc The Lincoln Electric Company JWD Associates Grove Worldwide Navy Environmental Health Center ESAB Welding and Cutting Products Miller Elect
10、ric Mfg. Company Consultant Miller Electric Mfg. Company Mine Safety and Health Administration National Fire Protection Association Retired Consultant ETMS Marine Technology Services *Advisor Foreword The AWS Safety and Health Committee was established to aid the welding industry in maintaining a sa
11、fe and healthful working environment. It is responsible for preparing documents, including standards and recommended practices, that address all health and safety aspects of the welders environment. Its members represent many facets of the industrial community: safety professionals, industrial hygie
12、nists, medical doctors, and welding engineers. The First Edition of the Safety and Health Fact Sheets, published in 1990, brought together 13 Fact Sheets, each dealing with a safety and health topic, that were developed over several years by the AWS Committee on Labeling and Safe Practices, a projec
13、t committee of the AWS Safety and Health Committee. Some of the Fact Sheets were previously published in the Welding Journal. The Second Edition added seven new Fact Sheets and included revised, updated versions of the original 13 Fact Sheets. The Third Edition added five new Fact Sheets and include
14、s revised versions of several Second Edition Fact Sheets. The Fact Sheets are intended for use in the preparation of standards and other documents where safety and health information is required. Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this document are welcome. They should be sent to the Se
15、cretary, Safety and Health Committee, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. Safety and Health Fact Sheets O 2003 American Welding Society Fact Sheet No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Contents Title Fumes and Gases Radiation Noise Chromi
16、um and Nickel in Welding Fume Electrical Hazards Fire and Explosion Prevention Bum Protection Mechanical Hazards Tripping and Falling Falling Objects Confined Spaces Contact Lens Wear Ergonomics in the Welding Environment Graphic Symbols for Precautionary Labels Style Guidelines for Safety and Healt
17、h Documents Pacemakers and Welding Electric and Magnetic Fields (EMF) LockoutTagout Laser Welding and Cutting Safety Thermal Spraying Safety Resistance Spot Welding Cadmium Exposure from Welding g Journal 58(37-46): 1979. Page 2 Fact Sheet No. 2 - 3/97 National Technical Information Service. Evaluat
18、ion of the potential hazards from actinic ultraviolet radiation generated by electric welding and cutting arcs, Nonionizing Radiation Protection Special Study No. 42-0053-77. Springfieid, Virginia: National Technical Information Service. . Evaluation of the potential retinal hazards from optical rad
19、iation generated by electric welding and cutting arcs, Nonionizing Radiation Protection Special Study No. 42-031 2-77. Springfield, Virginia: National Tec hnical I nfo r mati o n Servi ce. Sliney, D. H., and Freasier, B. C. “Evaluation of Optical Radiation Hazards,” Applied Optics, Vol.12, pp, 1-24,
20、 January 1973. Naidoff, M. A., and Sliney, D. H. “Retinal Injury From A Welding Arc,” American Journal of Ophthalmology, Vo1.77, No. 5, pp, 663-668, May 1974. Mine Safety And Health Administration (MSHA). Code Of Federal Regulations, Title 30 Mineral Resources, Parts 1-1 99, available from Superinte
21、ndent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. American Welding Society (AWS). Ultravio- let Reflectance of Paint, URL, available from American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. Fact Sheet No. 2 - 3/97 Page 3 Safety and Health Fact Sheet No. 3 19% A
22、mencan Welding Society September 1995 NOISE a INTRO DUCT1 ON In welding, cutting, and allied operations, noise may result from the process, the power source, or other equipment. Air carbon arc cutting and plasma arc cutting are examples of processes which are frequently noisy. Engine-driven generato
23、rs may also be quite noisy. Excessive noise is a known health hazard. DE FIN IT1 ON Scientifically, noise is composed of several frequencies and involves random changes in frequency or amplitude. Sound waves are produced when the air is mechanically disturbed. Sound is measured by its frequency (pit
24、ch-high or low) and intensity (loudness). Practically, noise is unwanted or unpleasant sound. It can get in the way of the sounds we would rather hear and often need to hear for safety reasons. EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE TO NOISE O o O o O Faci Loss of hearing that may be either full or partial and eit
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