1、 Water Treatment Plant Operation and Management Operational Guide to AWWA Standard G100 Sarah C. Clark, PE G100 The Authoritative Resource on Safe Water Advocacy Communications Conferences Education and Training Science and Technology SectionsOperational Guide to A WW A Standard G100 W ater T reatme
2、nt Plant Operation and Management Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, elec- tronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information or retrieval system, except
3、in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the written permission of the publisher. Disclaimer e authors, contributors, editors, and publisher do not assume responsibility for the validity of the content or any consequences of its use. In no event will AWWA be liable fo
4、r direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use of information presented in this book. In particular, AWWA will not be responsible for any costs, including, but not limited to, those incurred as a result of lost revenue. In no event shall AWWAs liability exce
5、ed the amount paid for the purchase of this book. AWWA Publications Manager: Gay Porter De Nileon Production: Glacier Publishing Services, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Clark, Sarah C.Operational guide to AWWA standard G100 : water treatment plant operation and management /
6、 by Sarah C. Clark.p. cm.Includes bibliographical references.ISBN 978-1-58321-853-21. Water treatment plants-Management-Standards-United States-Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. American Water Works Association. II. Title. III. Title: Water treatment plant operation and management.TD433.C54 2011628.16-dc2
7、32011022897 Printed in the United States of America American Water Works Association 6666 West Quincy Ave. Denver, CO 80235iii Contents SECTION 1: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 S E C T I O N 2 : F O R E W O R D . 2 SECTION 3: INTRODUCTION 2 SECTION 4: REQUIREMENTS 4 Sec. 4.1 Compliance With Regulatory Requireme
8、nts, 5 Sec. 4.2 Operational Management Practices, 8 4.2.1 Business Practices, 8 4.2.2 T reatment Plant Production Limits, 17 4.2.3 T reatment Plant Adequacy of T reated Supply, 20 4.2.4 Housekeeping Procedures and Cleanliness, 23 4.2.5 Operating Permits and Licenses, 24 4.2.6 Plant Management, 26 4.
9、2.7 Quality Assurance Practices, 27 4.2.8 Environmental Impact Management, 40 4.2.9 Emergency Preparedness and Response, 42 4.2.10 Security Planning and Implementation, 46 4.2.11 Health and Safety Management, 53 4.2.12 Customer Inquiry T racking and Response, 55 4.2.13 Process Reliability, 58 4.2.14
10、 Power, 59 4.2.15 Unattended Operation, 60 4.2.16 Human Resources, 64 Sec. 4.3 PlantReal Property Management and Maintenance, 68 4.3.1 Maintenance Management, 68 4.3.2 Plant Cross-Connection Control, 74 4.3.3 Disinfection of W ater T reatment Facilities, 77 4.3.4 Operation and Maintenance of Mechani
11、cal Equipment, 79 4.3.5 Materials in Contact With W ater, 81 Sec. 4.4 W ater Quality Management, 82 4.4.1 Performance Goals, 82 4.4.2 Operational Goals and Objectives, 82 4.4.3 Monitoring Performance, 87 4.4.4 Control Measures, 89 4.4.5 Corrective Responses, 90iv Operational Guide to AWWA Standard G
12、100 SECTION 5: VERIFICA TION .94 Sec. 5.1 Documentation Required, 94 5.1.1 General, 94 5.1.2 Control of Documents, 95 5.1.3 Control of Records, 95 Sec. 5.2 Examples of Documentation, 97 S E C T I O N 6 : R E F E R E N C E S A N D R E S O U R C E S . 9 8 S E C T I O N 7 : A U D I T C H E C K L I S T
13、.1 0 0 APPENDIX A: TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE RESPONSE PLAN F O R C H A R L E S T O N , S . C . , W A T E R S Y S T E M 1 1 2 A b o u t t h e A u t h o r 1 2 51 G100 Operational Guide SECTION 1: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Writing this guidance document has been a cooperative eort that involves the contributions of
14、 many people and utilities who are willing to share their knowl- edge with the water industry. e Water Treatment Plant Standard Committee members contributed signicant time just to develop the approach to the standard and subsequently to write and rene the language. I am grateful to have had the exp
15、erience in working with a terric group of people to create the standard itself. is operational guide is based on a format that was originally developed by James Ginley and Todd Humphrey, who created the rst operational guide for Standard G400, Utility Management System, with input from Kanwal Oberoi
16、. Oberoi pro- vided the questions for the checklist at the end of this guide. e following people kindly provided information and examples for this document: Christine Owen, Tampa Bay Water, Tampa, Fla. Je Boles, Town of Estes Park, Colo. Mehrdad Morabbi, Austin Water, Austin, Texas Charles Maddox, A
17、ustin Water, Austin, Texas Kanwal Oberoi, Charleston Water System, Charleston, S.C. Greg Moore, City of Golden, Colo. Steve Hubbs, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky. Reid Campbell, Halifax Water, Halifax, N.S. W ater T reatment Plant Operation and Management2 Operational Guide to AWWA Standar
18、d G100 SECTION 2: FOREWORD is operational guide has been written as a guidance tool for the imple- mentation of water treatment plant operation and management best practices, as set forth in ANSI/AWWA Standard G100, Water T reatment Plant Operation and Management (AWWA G100; 2011b). AWWA G100 is par
19、t of the voluntary man- agement standards for water utilities, initially established in 2004. e original idea for the operational guide series to accompany the utility management standards came from utility managers who participated in a two-year pilot project that was conducted and supported by the
20、 American Water Works Association (AWWA) Utility Quality Programs Committee, the AWWA Accredi- tation Committee, and nearly 30 utility professionals from more than 10 North American utilities. e pilot project assessed the applicability and practicality of the series of AWWA utility management standa
21、rds by working with two utilities Birmingham (Ala.) Water Works and Sewer Board and Washington County (Va.) Service Authorityand a team of volunteers from utilities, consulting rms, and other organizations. During the pilot process, the utility managers requested that AWWA develop some type of guida
22、nce or how-to documents to go along with the management standards. ese guidance documents would serve two purposes: one, help util- ity managers understand the purpose and function of these new standards, and two, help them implement and incorporate the standards into everyday operations. From this
23、suggestion the series of operational guides was conceived. SECTION 3: INTRODUCTION In order to consistently supply high-quality water drinking water to custom- ers, the eective operation and management of drinking water treatment plants is essential. Critical requirements for the eective operation a
24、nd management of drinking water plants are the subject of this guide, which provides suggestions and examples to assist water treatment plants in using AWWA G100. Water Treatment Plant Operation and Management 3 e US Environmental Protection Agencys (USEPAs) Safe Drinking Water Act ensures public sa
25、fety by setting extensive regulatory requirements for public water suppliers. However, progressive utilities may voluntarily subscribe to addi- tional requirements, such as the AWWA utility management standards, in order to take a more proactive approach to guarantee that a high-quality product, whi
26、ch exceeds regulatory requirements, reaches the consumers taps. ANSI/AWWA Standard G100, Water Treatment Plant Operation and Man- agement, is based on water treatment plant operation and management best prac- tices, developed by consensus of the AWWA Standards Committee. AWWA G100 also calls for qua
27、lity operation and maintenance of water treatment plants through the appropriate expertise of those operating and managing the system. is guid- ance document has been established to assist any water treatment plant, large or small, in adopting those practices set forth in AWWA G100. is guide breaks
28、AWWA G100 down into the following components: Standard Languagee Standard Language is each section of A WWA G100, as written in the latest standard document. Rationalee Rationale gives background on the topic in each section of the standard and discusses why the requirements are important for water
29、treatment plants. Examplese Examples given do not cover every aspect of the standard and will not apply to every utilitys situation. ey are not intended to be a com- plete instruction guide for the implementation of AWWA G100, rather they are intended to point interested parties in the right directi
30、on and give insight on how processes and procedures may be properly implemented in accordance with parts of the standard. In order to keep this publication to a reasonable size, only a hand- ful of examples per topic were included, and most point to a secondary publica- tion with current standard op
31、erating procedures and practices used by utilities in a standardized format. ere are also many sources of additional information listed in the References and Resources section. Questions to Check Progresse Questions are listed as a tool to self-assess the status of a utilitys compliance with AWWA G1
32、00. If a utility can conrm that it has all items in the questions in place, management may wish to consider apply- ing for recognition, or the utility may be able to leverage that information when negotiating a bond rating.4 Operational Guide to AWWA Standard G100 e Audit Checklist is included to fu
33、rther assist utilities in performing an initial gap analysis or assessing their progress in implementing AWWA G100. is tool will help identify any gaps that may exist in current procedures and those required to meet the standard. It asks specic questions and looks for proof and documentation that pr
34、ocedures are indeed in place where called for by the stan- dard. Just as the examples are not an instruction manual for implementing all of AWWA G100, neither is the checklist a blueprint. However, a utility that has all the components represented in the checklist is likely to have a majority of the
35、 AWWA G100 standard well covered in its operating and management procedures and practices. SECTION 4: REQUIREMENTS e minimum requirements for the operation of drinking water treatment plants can be divided into four major categories: regulatory compliance require- ments, operational management pract
36、ices, plantreal property management and maintenance, and water quality management. is standard requires that the utility establish measurable goals for each category, implement a monitoring sys- tem to measure performance against the goals, employ an optimization strategy to identify opportunities f
37、or improvement, and maintain consistent operation that satises the goals under conditions. Goals must be set with the concept of protecting public health foremost in mind, and shall include water quality and quantity targets. Many relationships and linkages exist among the major elements of water tr
38、eatment plant operation and maintenance. e requirements listed in this stan- dard are meant to apply to water treatment plants. However, the system operator is cautioned to consider the eect of one requirement upon another based on site-specic conditions. Water Treatment Plant Operation and Manageme
39、nt 5 Sec. 4.1 Compliance With Regulatory Requirements e plant shall satisfy the requirements of all applicable federal, state or provin- cial, and local regulations that apply to the operation of the plant. Plants shall demonstrate that as a minimum they meet the applicable drinking water regula- ti
40、ons for their own jurisdiction. Rationale Customers expect their utility to meet or exceed all applicable regulations. In fact, maintaining consumer condence demands that the utility maintain com- pliance. Protection of public health requires that water treatment plants produce water that meets all
41、local, state, provincial, federal, or other regulatory require- ments. e list of requirements that apply may be dierent for dierent treatment plants as some requirements are tied to the type of source water or treatment pro- cesses utilized. Responsibility for tasks that maintain compliance with the
42、 regula- tions applying to treatment plants might fall to personnel outside the plant sta, so coordination within the utility is essential to ensure that compliance requirements are met and documented. Plants that are initiating eorts to meet AWWA G100 and require coordination across the utility to
43、meet regulations would prot from parallel application of ANSI/AWWA Standard G400, Utility Management Sys- tem, and its companion Operational Guide to AWWA Standard G400 (Ginley and Humphrey 2009). One approach to managing regulatory requirements is to simply make a list of them, keep it up to date,
44、and identify where the regulation can be found (e.g., a URL on the Internet or a book of codes). To make this list even more use- ful, identify the person(s) or sta position(s) responsible for ensuring compliance. Example of Methods or Procedures Example 1 Example 4.1 is an example Regulatory and Ot
45、her Requirements Form from the Charleston (S.C.) Water System that can be used by a plant to identify and maintain a list of the most up-to-date versions of all regulations and other require- ments that apply to the plant.6 Operational Guide to AWWA Standard G100 Regulatory and Other Requirements Fo
46、rm Purpose/Scope: is document is used to identify and record legal and other requirements to which the utility subscribes, which have been identied as being directly applicable to the utilitys activities, products, and services. Completion of this document will aid overall management of the water qu
47、ality. Instructions: is document is to be updated as regulatory and other requirements are modied, added, or removed. List the title of the requirement and provide a brief description in the column titled General Subject Covered. Rules, regulations, and laws must be periodically reviewed for current
48、 version and updates; therefore, identify which part of the utility will perform this review in the column titled Responsibility for Current Version. Establish electronic links in the column titled Document Format/Location. is ensures that the most current requirements are available for reference. W
49、ith hard-copy requirements, list the location(s) of the hard copy. All utility departments are required to ensure that regulatory and other requirements are interpreted and applied to their operations. ose listed as “Responsible” are required to periodically ensure that the most recent legal and other requirements are identied and listed. N: is form may be replicated on a computer or duplicated on a photocopier. e computer copy
