1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 159:1992 Specification for High-voltage busbars and busbar connectionsBS159:1992 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Power Electrical Engineering Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into
2、 effect on 28 February1992 BSI 01-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PEL/92 Draft for comment 90/25653 DC ISBN 0 580 20235 6 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Power El
3、ectrical Engineering Standards Policy Committee (PEL/-) to Technical Committee PEL/92, upon which the following bodies were represented: ASTA Certification Services Association of Manufacturers Allied to the Electrical and Electronic Industry (BEAMA Ltd.) British Railways Board Copper Development As
4、sociation Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) ERA Technology Ltd. Electricity Industry in United Kingdom GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Health and Safety Executive Transmission and Distribution Association (BEAMA Limited) Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS159:199
5、2 BSI 01-1999 i Content Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Service conditions 2 4 Rating 2 5 Design and construction 2 6 Type tests 5 7 Routine tests 6 8 Guide to the selection of busbars and busbar connections for service 7 9 Information to be giv
6、en with enquiries, tenders and orders 7 10 Rules for transport, storage, erection and maintenance 8 Appendix A Clearances: practice used within UK and international practice 9 Appendix B Checking of mechanical joints made on site and measurement of joint resistance 10 Appendix C Notes on mechanical
7、jointing practice for aluminium-to-aluminium and aluminium-to-copper connections 10 Table 1 Clearances for busbars and busbar connections immersed in oil or compound 3 Table 2 Creepage distances to earth in air for open and enclosed busbars of indoor-type switchgear 4 Table 3 Power-frequency test vo
8、ltages on apparatus after erection on site 7 Table 4 D.C. test voltages 7 Table 5 Clearances: practice used within UK 9 Table 6 Clearances: international practice 9 Publication(s) referred to Inside back coverBS159:1992 ii BSI 01-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direct
9、ion of the Power Electrical Engineering Standards Policy Committee. This standard takes intoaccount current British and International Standards and supersedes BS159:1957 which is withdrawn. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British St
10、andards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesiandii, pages1to10, an inside back cover and a back cover. This sta
11、ndard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS159:1992 BSI 01-1999 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for both enclosed and open busbars and busbar connections which a
12、re components of a.c. high-voltage electrical systems (above 1 kV) and are composed of metal such as copper or aluminium, with air, oil, gas, solid or semi-solid materials as principal insulation. This British Standard can apply, for aspects other than frequency, to high voltage d.c. busbars and bus
13、bar connections (above 1.5 kV) which have similar characteristics to those for a.c. Insulators such as bushings and supports can comprise part of the assembly, and detailed requirements for such insulators are specified inBS223. For degrees of protection for enclosures, reference should be made to B
14、S 5490 The busbars in this standard can also form acomponent of metal enclosed switchgear (seeBS5227 and BS 5524). This British Standard does not apply to: insulated cables which can form a part of busbars and busbar connections; low-voltage busbars which are specified inBS5486-1. For the purpose of
15、 this standard the requirements for the ratings and type tests of BS 6581 for switchgear and controlgear are considered to apply to both busbars and busbar connections. In addition to the definitive requirements, this British Standard also requires the items detailed in clause 9 to be documented. Fo
16、r compliance with this British Standard, both the definitive requirements and the documented items have to be satisfied. NOTE The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definit
17、ions apply. 2.1 busbar a conductor with associated connections, joints and insulated supports forming a common electrical connection between a number of circuits or individual pieces of apparatus 2.2 busbar connection a conductor that forms the electrical connection between a busbar and an individua
18、l piece of apparatus that is within reasonable proximity 2.3 open busbar a busbar that is not provided with a protective cover 2.4 enclosed busbar a busbar that is contained in a duct or casing of any material. When the material is metal the term metal-enclosed is used 2.5 outdoor busbar an open bus
19、bar or enclosed busbar suitable for installation in the open-air, i.e. capable of withstanding wind, rain, snow, dirt deposits, condensation, ice and hoar frost 2.6 indoor busbar an open busbar or an enclosed busbar designed solely for installation within a building or other housing, where the busba
20、r is protected against wind, rain, snow, abnormal dirt deposits, abnormal condensation, ice and hoar frost 2.7 air-insulated busbar a busbar which, except at points of support, is designed with air as the principal dielectric. It can be covered with insulation material 2.8 gas-insulated busbar an en
21、closed busbar in which the insulation is achieved by insulating gas other than atmospheric air 2.9 oil-immersed busbar an enclosed busbar that is totally immersed in an insulating oil 2.10 compound-immersed busbar an enclosed busbar that is totally immersed in asolid or semi-solid insulating compoun
22、d 2.11 bushing type busbar an enclosed busbar which may consist of one or several jointed sections of tubular or solid conductor, the sections being covered with solid insulation with an external earthed sheath. The joint between sections can be air insulated, or immersed in oil or insulating compou
23、nd. The solid insulation of the sections can include coaxial conducting layers for the control of internal or external electrical stresses (see BS 223)BS159:1992 2 BSI 01-1999 2.12 isolated-phase enclosed busbar a metal-enclosed busbar in which each phase conductor is enclosed by an individual metal
24、 housing separated from adjacent conductor housings by an air space 2.13 non-segregated phase enclosed busbar an enclosed busbar in which all phase conductors are in a common enclosure without metal partitions between the phases. Where phase conductors are protected against electrical failure mainly
25、 by solid insulation the additional term, phase insulated, can be used. Where phase conductors are protected mainly by solid insulation and additionally by earthed metal interposed between them in such a manner that disruptive discharges cannot occur between them then the additional term, phase sepa
26、rated, can be used 2.14 segregated phase enclosed busbar an enclosed busbar in which all phase conductors are in a common enclosure with earthed metal interposed between them in such a manner that disruptive discharges can only occur to earth 2.15 rated value a quantity value assigned, generally by
27、a manufacturer, for a specified operating condition of busbars NOTE See clause 4 for individual rated values. 3 Service conditions The normal and special conditions referred to inclause 2 of BS 6581:1985 shall apply. 4 Rating 4.1 General The common ratings a) to g) in clause 4 of BS6581:1985 shall a
28、pply to a.c. equipment. NOTE Ratings for d.c. equipment are subject to agreement between manufacturer and purchaser, see 9.3 a). 4.2 Rated voltage The requirements in 4.1 of BS 6581:1985 shall apply. 4.3 Rated insulation level The requirements in 4.2 of BS 6581:1985 shall apply, with the exception o
29、f columns 3, 5 and 7 of Table I; columns 3 and 5 of Table III and columns3,5, 6 and 8 of Table IV. 4.4 Rated frequency The requirements in 4.3 of BS 6581:1985 shall apply. 4.5 Rated normal current and temperature rise The requirement in 4.4 of BS 6581:1985 shall apply with the following addition. Th
30、e temperature rise of terminals shall be considered in conjuction with the connected apparatus. 4.6 Rated short-time withstand current The requirements in 4.5 of BS 6581:1985 shall apply with the following addition. Where busbars and busbar connections are directly associated with a circuit-breaker
31、or switch, the value and the duration of the rated short-time withstand current of the busbars and busbar connections shall be either not less than the corresponding rating of the equipment to which it is connected or as stated by the manufacturer. NOTE It is to be recognized that in some instances,
32、 e.g.generator circuits, the value and duration of the short time current in any tee-offs to main connections can be in excess of the ratings assigned to connected equipment owing to fault infeeds from more than one source. 4.7 Rated peak withstand current The requirements in 4.6 of BS 6581:1985 sha
33、ll apply. 4.8 Rated duration of short-circuit The requirements in 4.7 of BS 6581:1985 shall apply. 5 Design and construction NOTE Certain clearances are given in Table 1, see 5.3. Certain creepage distances are given in Table 2, see 5.5.2. Test voltages for tests after erection on site are given in
34、Table 3 and Table 4, see 7.2. 5.1 Conductors Conductors with suitable material for busbars and busbar connections shall be as specified in BS 2898 for aluminium and BS 1433, BS 1977, BS 4109, BS4608 and BS 6926 for copper. 5.2 Clearances for air-insulated busbars and busbar connections For clearance
35、s to earth ascribed to insulation structures which have not been type tested, unless otherwise required by legislation one of the following shall apply: a) BS 5622-2; b) as agreed at the time of enquiry and/or order, see 9.3 b).BS159:1992 BSI 01-1999 3 NOTE 1 Column 2 of Table 5 in Appendix A lists
36、the basic electrical clearances used in the UK which incorporate the practice of increasing the clearance to 500mm for all values of33kV 170 kV Basic Insulation Level (BIL) and below. NOTE 2 Column 3 of Table 6 in Appendix A lists basic electrical clearances used for international practice as given
37、in BS 5622-2. NOTE 3 Basic electrical clearances do not include any additions for constructional tolerances, effects of short-circuit, wind effects etc. NOTE 4 Where Standard Insulation Level (SIL) is the determining overvoltage an additional clearance can be added to the BIL as a provision against
38、the infrequent tendency for switching surge flashovers not to occur across the shortest gap, (anomalous flashover). 5.3 Clearances for oil-immersed and compound-immersed busbars and busbar connections Clearances shall be measured as follows: a) For clearances to earth. From the metallic surfaces of
39、all the live parts to the nearest earthed metal. b) For clearances between phases. From the metallic surfaces of all the live parts of each phase to the metallic surface of the adjacent phase. Either clearances shall be not less than those given in Table 1 or conductors shall be covered with solid i
40、nsulation, additional to the oil or compound, which is capable of withstanding the appropriate power-frequency test voltage specified in Table 1 of BS 6581:1985. Table 1 Clearances for busbars and busbarconnections immersed in oil orcompound 5.4 System earthing The clearances specified in Table 1 an
41、d Table 5 and Table 6 (see Appendix A) shall apply to busbars and busbar connections for use on systems earthed as specified in conditions a) and b) below. For open outdoor type busbars and busbar connections for systems of 110 kV and above, and effectively earthed in accordance with condition a), t
42、he clearances specified in Table 5 and Table 6 can be used. Busbars for use on systems having other earthing conditions as specified in c) and d) below require special consideration (see clause 8). System earthing condition e) relates to very large generator circuits where isolated phase metal-enclo
43、sed busbars are employed. Such conductor systems are subject to type testing to prove adequacy of insulation levels. The following system earthing conditions are recognized. a) At least one of the neutral points of a three-phase system permanently earthed, either solidly or through a resistor or rea
44、ctor of low impedance. A three-phase system is considered to be effectively earthed if, during phase-to-earth faults, the voltage to earth of the sound phases does not exceed 80% of the voltage between lines of the system. Generally this involves solid earthing of all transformer neutrals. b) At lea
45、st one of the neutral points of a three-phase system earthed normally through an arc suppression coil. c) All the neutral points of a three-phase system insulated from earth. d) A single-phase system having one line earthed. e) At least one of the neutral points of a three-phase system permanently e
46、arthed through a resistor or reactor of high impedance. 5.5 Creepage distances 5.5.1 Outdoor insulation For outdoor insulation clause 9 of BS 223:1985 shall apply. 5.5.2 Indoor insulation It is not practicable to specify the minimum creepage distances over insulating supports or separators for open
47、or enclosed busbars in air. The minimum distance which is satisfactory for a given service voltage is affected by a large number of factors, notably by the degree of protection from dust and damp, the configuration of the parts and the nature of the insulating material. 1 2 3 Rated voltage Minimum c
48、learance to earth Minimum clearance between phases kV mm mm 3.6 7.2 12 17.5 24 36 12.5 20.0 25.0 31.5 45.5 62.5 20.0 25.0 40.0 45.5 62.5 91.0BS159:1992 4 BSI 01-1999 While moderate distances may be satisfactory with dust deposits free from carbon or metal, in a dry state, considerably greater distan
49、ces or altered configurations are needed if moisture is also present. With commonly used synthetic-resin bonded materials, the degree of resistance to surface tracking materially influences the minimum distance required. Resistance to tracking is in turn influenced by surface contamination and in laminated material by the direction of the voltage stress. NOTEAs minimum figures cannot be safely specified, the figures of Table 2 are given as guidance for those busbars where the insulation is of porcelain, or of synthetic resin resistant to tracking and adequately pr
