1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 1727:1987 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Specification for motors for battery operated vehicles UDC 621.313.2:629.1-835BS1727:1987 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Power Electrical Engineering Standards Committee, was published under the autho
2、rity of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 23 December 1987 BSI 07-1999 First published March 1951 First revision June 1971 Second revision December 1987 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PEL/56 Draft for comment 84/27995 DC ISBN 0 580 16039
3、 4 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Power Electrical Engineering Standards Committee (PEL/-) to Technical Committee PEL/56, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Battery Makers Society British Industria
4、l Truck Association Electric Vehicle Association of Great Britain Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: National Dairymens Association (INC) Railway Industry Association of Great
5、Britain Rotating Electrical Machines Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 6449 November 1990 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS1727:1987 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Definiti
6、ons 1 3 Classification 2 4 Rated output 2 5 Overspeed withstand capability 2 6 Insulation 3 7 Commutation 3 8 Efficiency and characteristic curves 3 9 Soundness 4 10 Braking characteristics 4 11 Marking 4 12 Testing 4 Appendix A Methods of determination 5 Table 1 Permissible temperature rises and me
7、thods of determination 2 Table 2 Insulation dielectric test voltages 3 Table 3 Tolerances on speed 3 Table 4 Stray loss multiplication factors 6 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS1727:1987 ii BSI 07-1999 Foreword This revision of BS1727 has been prepared under the direction of the Power El
8、ectrical Engineering Standards Committee, and supersedes the1971 edition, which is withdrawn. It is based upon a proposal by the British Industrial Truck Association and has been prepared because of the need to bring the standard into line with modern usage and technology. Whilst it refers only to e
9、lectric motors for battery powered industrial trucks, road vehicles and tractors, account has been taken of BS173. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a Br
10、itish Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments in
11、corporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS1727:1987 BSI 07-1999 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies the classification and electrical and mechanical performance of d.c. electric motors, having rated voltages up to96V, forming part of the electrical e
12、quipment of battery operated industrial trucks, tractors and road vehicles for operation at ambient temperatures between 25 C and +40 C and at altitudes up to1000m. An additional requirement for motors intended for use for rheostatic and regenerative braking is included. This standard does not cover
13、 motors for rail vehicles and motors for road vehicles which obtain power from an external source or from an internal source other than batteries. (These are covered by BS173.) This standard does not cover protection requirements for motors intended for use in areas of special risk, e.g. flammable a
14、tmospheres of gases and vapour, ignitable dusts. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the following definitions apply. 2.1 type test a test of one or more devices made to a certai
15、n design to show that the design complies with this British Standard 2.2 routine test a test to which each individual device is subject during or after manufacture to ascertain whether it complies with certain criteria 2.3 maximum working speed of a motor the highest rotational speed assigned to the
16、 machine by the manufacturer 2.4 rated voltage a voltage corresponding to the nominal voltage of the vehicle battery, i.e. the maximum number of cells which are connected in series multiplied by the nominal voltage of each cell NOTEWhere a number of motors are to be connected in series within the ve
17、hicle, the rated voltage is the nominal voltage of the vehicle battery divided by the number of motors. For lead acid cells the nominal voltage of each cell is2.0V. 2.5 rated output the output in kilowatts at the shaft ascribed to an electric motor by the manufacturer under the associated conditions
18、 of speed, rated voltage and current 2.6 continuous rated output the rated output assigned by the manufacturer that can be sustained indefinitely on test without exceeding the temperature rises specified inTable 1 2.7 1 h rated output the rated output assigned by the manufacturer that can be sustain
19、ed for1h, starting from normal ambient temperature without exceeding the temperature rises specified inTable 1 2.8 short time rated output the rated output assigned by the manufacturer that can be sustained for a specified period starting from the normal ambient temperature without exceeding the tem
20、perature rises specified inTable 1 2.9 periodic duty rated output the rated output assigned by the manufacturer that can be sustained during a continuous sequence of identical cycles, starting from normal ambient temperature, without the maximum temperature rise exceeding the appropriate temperature
21、 rise specified inTable 1 NOTEA cycle is composed of an on time followed by a rest period. Unless otherwise specified, the cycle duration is10min. 2.10 cyclic duration factor the on time given in2.9 expressed as a percentage of the cycle duration time 2.11 reversible motor a motor which, in service,
22、 is required to run for prolonged periods in either direction of rotation 2.12 uni-directional motor a motor which, in service, normally runs in one direction of rotation, but may be required infrequently to run for short periods in the reverse direction 2.13 vehicle an industrial truck, road vehicl
23、e or tractorBS1727:1987 2 BSI 07-1999 2.14 electric braking braking by generation of electric energy 2.15 electrodynamic braking electric braking in which the energy is generated by the traction motors driven by the vehicle 2.16 rheostatic braking electrodynamic braking in which the energy produced
24、by the motors is dissipated in resistors 2.17 regenerative braking electrodynamic braking in which the energy produced by the motors is fed into the line or into energy storage devices (batteries, flywheels, etc.) 3 Classification 3.1 Rated voltage Vehicle motors shall have a rated voltage of96V or
25、below. 3.2 Enclosure 3.2.1 Vehicle motors shall have protective enclosures classified in accordance with BS4999-105. 3.2.2 Motors for road vehicles shall have protective enclosures in accordance with IP24 as a minimum. 3.2.3 Motors for industrial trucks and tractors shall have protective enclosures
26、in accordance with IP20 as a minimum. 3.3 Cooling The type of cooling shall be in accordance with BS4999-106 and shall be stated by the manufacturer, e.g. by marking on the motor (see11.2). 4 Rated output 4.1 The rated output shall be declared by the manufacturer for temperature rises not exceeding
27、those specified inTable 1. The duration of the rated output shall be one of the following: a) continuous; b) 1 h; c) short time; d) periodic duty. 4.2 When tested in accordance with the appropriate method specified inTable 1 and described inA.1, the temperature rise above the cooling air temperature
28、 shall not exceed the value specified inTable 1 for each component tested. 5 Overspeed withstand capability Motors shall withstand overspeeding when tested in accordance withA.2. At the conclusion of the test given inA.2 the motor shall show no measurable permanent deformation and shall comply with6
29、.2. Table 1 Permissible temperature rises and methods of determination Component Method of determination (see A.1) Maximum temperature rise above cooling air temperature Nominal class E insulation a Nominal class B insulation a Nominal class F insulation a Nominal class H insulation a C C C C Armatu
30、re winding Resistance method 105 120 140 160 Field winding Resistance method 115 130 155 180 Commutator Electric thermometer method 105 120 140 140 NOTEExperience has shown that machines to this British Standard have an adequate insulation life at temperatures greater than those associated with the
31、temperature classes in BS2757. The temperature rises specified above therefore exceed those indicated by the class letter. a See clause 6.BS1727:1987 BSI 07-1999 3 6 Insulation 6.1 Motor insulation shall comply with one of the following classes as defined in BS2757: E; B; F; H. Small amounts of mate
32、rial of a lower class designation may be incorporated for constructional purposes, but the electrical and mechanical properties of the insulated windings shall not be changed in any way which would prevent operation in service at the temperature appropriate to the rated class of insulation. 6.2 Whil
33、st the machine is hot the windings shall, when tested in accordance withA.3, sustain either: a) the appropriate test voltage given inTable 2 for1min; or b) a test voltage 10% higher than that given inTable 2 for1s; or c) if the test is being repeated (see12.2) a test voltage which is80% of that give
34、n inTable 2. Table 2 Insulation dielectric test voltages 6.3 The insulation resistance to earth of any combination of components or circuits within the motor shall exceed2M7 when tested with a500V insulation tester at the conclusion of all other tests. 7 Commutation When hot the motor shall comply w
35、ith the following requirements for30s when tested in accordance withA.4. a) A reversible motor shall operate in each direction of rotation with a fixed brush setting throughout the speed range, which shall be declared by the manufacturer. It shall work without injurious sparking, and without injury
36、to the surface of the commutator or to the brushes at any point on the characteristic between the maximum and minimum working speeds and the maximum current or the current corresponding to the maximum torque in service if this is specified by the purchaser. b) For a uni-directional motor the standar
37、d of commutation in the declared direction shall be as for a reversible motor. In the reverse direction of rotation a lower standard of commutation is permissible but no permanent injury to either commutator or brushes shall be caused by running at half the rated voltage at any current between the l
38、imiting values used for the normal rotational test. Uni-directional machines which in service cannot operate in the reverse direction shall comply with the requirements in the case of normal rotation only. 8 Efficiency and characteristic curves 8.1 Characteristic curves shall be plotted at the rated
39、 voltage in accordance with the method described inA.5. The efficiency shall be calculated in accordance withA.6. 8.2 The speed of a motor running in the stated direction of rotation, or in either direction of rotation if reversible, shall not deviate from that shown on the characteristic curves by
40、more than the appropriate tolerance as follows. a) For speeds less than or equal to that corresponding to the current at half the declared output and for speeds greater than or equal to that corresponding to the current at twice the declared output, the tolerance shall not exceed that given in colum
41、n2 ofTable 3. b) At the rated current, which shall be declared, the tolerance shall not exceed that given in column3 ofTable 3. Table 3 Tolerances on speed NOTEFor some applications closer tolerances may be required, e.g. if more than one motor is used the speed tolerances given inTable 3 may not en
42、sure satisfactory load sharing. In these cases closer tolerances should be agreed between the purchaser and manufacturer. The tolerance, e, on the declared efficiency curve at any point between one-half and twice the1h rated current shall not exceed that given by the equation: e = 0.125 (100 y) wher
43、e y is the efficiency (in%). Motor rated voltage R.M.S. test voltage V V u 48 500 48 u 96 1000 1 2 3 Output per 1000 r/min at rated current, P Tolerances kW per 1000 r/min % % P 3 10 7.5 3 u P 10 7.5 5 10 u P 6 4.5BS1727:1987 4 BSI 07-1999 9 Soundness Vehicle motors shall be tested for electrical an
44、d mechanical soundness in accordance withA.7. Soundness shall be demonstrated by the characteristics of the machine remaining within the appropriate tolerances given in8.2, with respect to a machine which has been type tested. 10 Braking characteristics Where a motor is intended for use in rheostati
45、c or regenerative braking, the manufacturer shall provide a generated voltage characteristic. NOTEThe limits of speed and current are the subject of agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser. As a basis for consideration, it is suggested that a generated voltage characteristic be plotted at a
46、n agreed speed within the range1000r/m to2000r/m in accordance with the method given inA.8. 11 Marking 11.1 Vehicle motor terminal markings shall be in accordance with BS4999-108. 11.2 The following information shall be marked on the motor: a) manufacturers name or trade mark; b) type or part number
47、; c) serial number; d) on uni-directional motors, an arrow to indicate the direction of rotation; e) class of insuration; f) number and date of this British Standard, i.e.BS1727:1987 1) . NOTEIt is recommended that the following information should also be marked on the motor: a) rated quantities; b)
48、 maximum working speed; c) type of enclosure; d) type of cooling. 12 Testing 12.1 General All motors shall be subject to routine tests in accordance with12.2, the purpose of which is to show that each machine has been run and has been found to be electrically and mechanically sound. In addition, eit
49、her type tests in accordance with12.3 shall be carried out on one machine of an order or the manufacturer shall supply certificates as evidence of type tests having been made on motors identical in all essential respects to those in the order. NOTEType testing will be carried out unless the purchaser requests certificates. 12.2 Routine tests The following tests shall be carried out on all motors: a) soundness test (seeA.7); b) speed characteristic test (seeA.5); c) commutation test (seeA.4); d) overspeed withstand capability test (seeA.2)
