1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 2059:1953 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Specification for Straight-sided splines and serrations UDC 621451BS 2059:1953 This British Standard, having been approved by the MechanicalEngineering IndustryStandards Committee and endorsed by the Chairman ofthe Engineering Divisional Co
2、uncil, was published undertheauthority of the GeneralCouncil on 31 December 1953 BSI 01-2000 ISBN 0 580 35952 2 Co-operating organizations The Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the followi
3、ng Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations: The Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this stan
4、dard: Admiralty* High Commission of India* Air Ministry Institute of Marine Engineers* Associated Offices Technical Committee Institute of Petroleum Association of Consulting Engineers Institution of Civil Engineers (Incorporated) Institution of Gas Engineers British Chemical Plant Manufacturers Ins
5、titution of Heating and Ventilating Association Engineers British Compressed Air Society Institution of Mechanical Engineers* British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Institution of Mechanical Engineers Association* (Automobile Division)* British Electricity Authority and Area Boards Institution
6、of Production Engineers* British Engineers Association* Locomotive Manufacturers Association* British Internal Combustion Engine Machine Tool Trades Association* Manufacturers Association Ministry of Fuel and Power British Iron and Steel Federation Ministry of Labour and National Service British Rai
7、lways, The British Transport (Factory Department) Commission Ministry of Supply* Crown Agents for the Colonies Ministry of Transport D.S.I.R. Mechanical Engineering Research Ministry of Works Organization* National Physical Laboratory Engineering Equipment Users Association Radio Industry Council Ga
8、s Council War Office British Internal Combustion Engine Research Milling Cutter and Reamer Trade Association Association North East Coast Institution of Engineers British Cycle and Motor Cycle Manufacturers and Shipbuilders and Traders Union Ltd. Society of British Aircraft Constructors Bright Steel
9、 Bar Association Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Gauge and Tool Makers Association Taper Pin Manufacturers Association Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 1843 April 1954 Indicated by a sideline in the m
10、arginBS2059:1953 BSI 01-2000 i Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii Part 1: Straight-sided splines (parallel rectangular section) and gauges for splines 1 Introduction 1 2 Scope 2 3 Nomenclature and definitions 2 4 Dimensions and fits 3 5 Gauges 3 6 Alignment error
11、s in long splines 27 Appendix A Relationship of spline width to shaft minor diameter 29 Appendix B Variations in arc of root diameter 30 Appendix C Examples of gauging dimensions for internal and external deep splines of1in. nominal diameter 31 Appendix D Relationship of gauge and work tolerances 32
12、 Figure 1 Shallow splines 4 Figure 2 Deep splines 6 Figure 3 Full Form GO plug gauges 8 Figure 4 Relationship of Full Form GO plug gauge and hole 8 Figure 5 NOT GO plug gauges for major diameter 10 Figure 6 NOT GO plug gauges for minor diameter 12 Figure 7 NOT GO plug gauges for splineway width 14 F
13、igure 8 Full Form GO ring gauges for all sizes and fits 16 Figure 9 Relationship of Full Form GO ring gauge and shaft Fits1to3 17 Figure 10 NOT GO gap gauges for major and minor diameters of shaft 22 Figure 11 NOT GO gap gauges for spline width 26 Figure 12 Plate gauge for radius at root (R 1 ) 27 F
14、igure 13 Alignment errors 28 Figure 14 Relationship of spline width to shaft minor diameter 29 Figure 15 Diagram showing arc produced by form cutter 30 Figure 16 Diagram showing arc produced by hob 30 Figure 17 Relationship of Full Form GO plug gauge and hole (1 in. diameter, deep spline) 31 Figure
15、18 Relationship of Full Form GO ring gauge and shaft (1 in. diameter, deep spline Fit 1) 32 Figure 19 Diagram showing gauge and work tolerance zones 33 Table 1 Straight-sided splines, bottom fitting. Shallow 5 Table 2 Straight-sided splines, bottom fitting. Deep 7 Table 3 Full Form GO plug gauges fo
16、r shallow and deep splines 9 Table 4 NOT GO plug gauges for major diameter 11 Table 5 NOT GO plug gauges for minor diameter 13 Table 6 NOT GO plug gauges for splineway width 15 Table 7 Full Form GO ring gauges for shallow splines 18 Table 8 Full Form GO ring gauges for deep splines 21 Table 9 “NOT G
17、O” gap gauges for major and minor diameters. Shallow splines 23 Table 10 “NOT GO” gap gauges for major and minor diameters. 25BS 2059:1953 ii BSI 01-2000 Page Table 11 “NOT GO” gap gauges for spline width for shallow and deep splines 26 Table 12 Plate gauges for maximum radius at root of shaft splin
18、es 27 Table 13 Maximum permissible errors due to twisting of workpieces longer than the ring gauges 28 Part 2: Serrations (straight-sided) and gauges for serrations 7 Introduction 34 8 Scope 34 9 Nomenclature and definitions 35 10 Dimensions and fits 35 11 Gauges 36 Appendix E Basis of calculations
19、for dimensions and tolerances 49 Appendix F Gauging of serrations 50 Appendix G Notes on production methods 51 Figure 20 Internal serrations 36 Figure 21 External serrations 36 Figure 22 Full Form GO plug gauges 38 Figure 23 NOT GO plug gauges for effective size 40 Figure 24 Full Form GO ring gauges
20、 42 Figure 25 NOT GO gap gauges for effective size 46 Figure 26 Diagram of internal and external serrations in relation to their elements 48 Figure 27 Diagram showing gauge and work tolerance zones 52 Table 14 Straight-sided serrations 37 Table 15 Full Form “GO” plug gauges 39 Table 16 “NOT GO” plug
21、 gauges for effective size 41 Table 17 Full Form “GO” ring gauges 43 Table 18 “NOT GO” gap gauges for effective size 47 Table 19 Factor M 50BS2059:1953 BSI 01-2000 iii Foreword This standard makes reference to the following British Standards: BS 969, Plain limit gauges. Limits and tolerances. BS 104
22、4, Recommended designs for gauges. This British Standard has been prepared under the authority of the Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee in order to combine in a single publication a revision of the four British Standards which have hitherto related to the various types of splines a
23、nd serrations and which have now been superseded by this comprehensive standard covering the needs of the general engineering, aircraft and automobile industries. The first British Standard relating to splines was No. 5015, “British Standard dimensions for splines (bottom fitting) for automobiles”,
24、which was published in1927 by the British Engineering Standards Association (the earlier name of theBritish Standards Institution). It included dimensional details and tolerances for4,6,10 and16 straight sided splines based on the existing S.A.E. standards. In 1929, Part 2 of No. 46 was published wi
25、th the title “Splines and serrations (Part 1 of No. 46 having been concerned with keys and keyways) and was in effect an extension of No. 5015 relating to a larger range of shaft diameters than those covered by the automobile standard. A fundamental distinction between the two standards was that whi
26、le the fits in No.5015 were based on those of the S.A.E., those in No.46, Part2, were based on the provisions of report No. 164, 1924, which later developed into BS164, “Limits and fits”. By 1935 it was apparent that revision of both the specifications was necessary and it was decided to embody the
27、revised provisions for the automobile industry in the revision of BS46-2. The draft proposals were completed and circulated to industry for comment in May,1939, but the war intervened before the matter could be completed. Early in 1941, resulting from the problems of production, an investigation int
28、o the question of gauges for both spline and serration production disclosed that neither BS46-2, nor the proposed revision, included tolerances which were suitable for war production, and this led to the decision to prepare a war emergency specification relating to serrations and appropriate gauges,
29、 suitable for the aircraft industry. This specification, BSA.19, was issued in two parts, Part1 in1941 and Part2 in1942, which were subsequently brought together in one publication. The specification covered a range of fine and a range of coarse serrations, together with dimensional details for a co
30、mplete set of Full Form and feature gauges. The issue ofA.19 for serrations was followed by the publication, later in the same year, ofA.20 for spline shafts and holes prepared for the same reason and under the same terms as A.19. In both cases it was found desirable and possible to relax the tolera
31、nces given in BS46-2, to reduce the number of classes of fit, and to reduce the actual number of serrations and splines respectively. In view of the urgency with which the provisions of A.20 were awaited, it was not felt possible to delay publication while the gauging provisions were finalized. Acco
32、rdingly this specification, unlike A.19, was issued without a section on spline gauges, but a note under Clause4 stated that a recommended gauging system would be issued later as a supplement. Due to wartime conditions and a subsequent decision to proceed with the preparation of a comprehensive stan
33、dard, the supplement was never completed. The present standard supersedes BS 46-2; BS 5015 and BS A19 andBS A20, and embodies the results of a considerable amount of research in the aircraft, automobile and general engineering industries. The subject matter allows for convenient division into two pa
34、rts, of which the first relates to straight-sided splines, together with the appropriate gauges and the second to straight-sided serrations, together with the appropriate gauges.BS 2059:1953 iv BSI 01-2000 The widespread development and use of involute splines has made necessary the preparation of a
35、 separate British Standard for this type. Consequently, instead of being divided into aircraft, general or automobile types, splines will be differentiated as being of straight-sided or involute form. This specification has been prepared on the hole basis; that is to say, the hole is the constant me
36、mber and different fits are obtained by varying the size of the splined or serrated shaft. NOTEThis practice accords with the recommendation in BS1916, “Limits and fits for engineering”. BS1916 superseded BS164, in which a similar recommendation appeared. In all the tables in the standard actual max
37、imum and minimum figures have been given while the maximum metal condition has been shown first in all cases. A number of appendices give appropriate information on various aspects of gauging, calculations, effects of errors, tolerances, etc. A British Standard does not purport to include all the ne
38、cessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, page
39、s1 to 52 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS2059:1953 BSI 01-2000 1 Part 1: Straight-sided splines (parallel rectangular section) and gauges for spli
40、nes 1 Introduction a) Fits. The dimensions and resultant fits given in the tables of Part 1 of this standard are based upon the finished hole. A major consideration in spline production is that the broach is the most costly single tool, is held in large stocks and, during manufacture, can be kept to
41、 very high precision limits of tolerance, thus making possible the perpetuation of identical splined bores and therefore a consistent foundation for various fits. Since the original specification was produced in 1927 many developments in the usage of splines (andserrations) have taken place, particu
42、larly in the automobile and aircraft industries. As a result of the thorough investigation which has been made into those developments and tendencies, it has been found possible to simplify this Part very considerably. For instance, No. 5015 contained tables for4,6,10 and16 splines, while BS46-2, in
43、cluded tables of multiple splines covering from 8 to80splines on shafts from1in to10in. in diameter. The present standard includes6splines only, irrespective of the shaft diameter, with two depths known as “shallow” and “deep”. In all cases the splines are bottom fitting, i.e. they have top clearanc
44、e. It is considered that 6 splines produced to the dimensions given in Table 1 and Table 2 will be suitable for most applications requiring straight-sided splines, and it is strongly recommended that serious consideration should be given to the adoption of serrations or involute splines in those cas
45、es where multi-splines have been in use. It has not been found necessary to perpetuate the four grades of fit given in the standards now rendered obsolete as three grades are considered sufficient. The basis or constant for each fit is the splined hole. The grades of fit have been based on the princ
46、iple of variations in the diameter of the shaft at the root of the splines, in conjunction with variations in the widths of the splines themselves. These variations bear a geometrical relationship to each other and have been introduced in order to assist production by allowing for the use of a singl
47、e form tool or hob, which, on being sunk deeper towards the centre by progressive steps, produces the resultant dimensions given in Table 1 and Table 2 according to the design requirements. With this method, if W represents the width of spline, andd the diameter of the shaft at the root of the splin
48、es, then the result of successive radial settings of the cutter will be that, the decrement in W: decrement in d:1:2. NOTESome geometrical and diagrammatic notes on this aspect are given inAppendixA and AppendixB. In compiling the tables, calculations have been made for the following classes of fit
49、 Fit 1. Represents the condition of closest fit. It is designed for use where minimum backlash is necessary. Fit 2. Has a positive allowance, being designed for conditions where ease of assembly is required. Fit 3. Has a larger positive allowance than that given for Fit 2 when such clearances can be accepted in the assembly. All three fits allow for clearance on the sides of splines (widths) but in Fit 1 the minor diameters of the hole and shaft may be identical in siz
