1、BRITISH STANDARD CONFIRMED FEBRUARY1990 BS2866:1984 ISO7211-6: 1984 Methods for Determination of the mass of warp and weft per unit area of fabric ISO title: Textiles Woven fabrics Construction Methods of analysis Part6: Determination of the mass of warp and weft per unit area of fabric UDC677.017.2
2、73:677.074BS2866:1984 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Fibres, Yarns, Fabrics and Production StandardsCommittee, was published under the authority ofthe Board of BSI and comes intoeffect on 28September1984 BSI08-1999 First published July1957 First revision July19
3、72 Second revision September1984 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference FBM/11 Draft for comment82/37518 DC ISBN 0 580 14020 2 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Fibres, Yarns,
4、Fabrics and Production Standards Committee (FBM/-) to Technical Committee FBM/11 upon which the following bodies were represented: British Clothing Industry Association British Retailers Association British Textile Employers Association Central Council of the Irish Linen Industry Confederation of Br
5、itish Wool Textiles Limited Consumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSI Department of Trade and Industry (Chemicals, Textiles, Paper and Miscellaneous Division) Furnishing Fabrics Association Institute of Trading Standards Administration International Wool Secretariat Knitting Industries Federation
6、 Ltd. Mail Order Traders Association of Great Britain Man-made Fibres Producers Committee Manchester Testing House Ministry of Defence Society of Dyers and Colourists Textile Distributors Association Textile Institute Textile Research Council Coopted members Amendments issued since publication Amd.
7、No. Date of issue CommentsBS2866:1984 BSI 08-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 0 Introduction 1 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 References 1 3 Principle 1 4 Apparatus 1 5 Conditioning and testing atmosphere 1 6 Test specimens 1 7 Procedure 2 8 C
8、alculation and expression of results 2 9 Test report 2 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS2866:1984 ii BSI 08-1999 National foreword This revision of this British Standard, which has been prepared under the direction of the Fibres, Yarns, Fabrics and Production Standards Committee, supersed
9、es BS2866:1972, which is withdrawn. It is identical with ISO7211:1984 “Textiles Woven fabrics Construction Methods of analysis Part6: Determination of the mass of warp and weft per unit area of fabric”, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Terminology and convention
10、s. The text of the International Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. The comma has been used as
11、 a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker. Where the words “International Standard” and “this part of ISO7211” or “ISO7211-6” appear, referring to this standard, they should be read as “BritishStandard” and “BS2866” respe
12、ctively. The Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO/TR5090, to which reference is made in the text, and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of
13、British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references InternationalStandards Corresponding British Standards ISO139:1973 BS1051:1981 Glossary of terms relating to the conditionin
14、g, testing and mass determination of textiles (Technically equivalent a ) ISO3801:1977 BS2471:1978 Methods of test for textiles Woven fabrics Determination of mass per unit length and mass per unit area (Identical) a This British Standard glossary contains all the relevant information which, in the
15、International Standard, is written in terms of requirements. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1and2, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated.
16、 This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS2866:1984 BSI 08-1999 1 0 Introduction It is common practice to describe fabrics by the mass per unit area (see ISO3801) and the ends and picks per centimetre, but this leaves the proportions of warp and weft in the fabric un
17、certain. Any desired balance of cover between warp and weft can be stated without specifying the yarn linear densities by giving separate values for the masses of warp and weft per unit area of the fabric. 1 Scope and field of application This part of ISO7211 specifies methods for determining the ma
18、ss of the warp and weft threads per unit area of fabric after the removal of any non-fibrous matter. 2 References ISO139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. ISO3801, Textiles Woven fabrics Determination of mass per unit length and mass per unit area. ISO/TR5090, Textiles Met
19、hod for the removal of non-fibrous matter prior to quantitative analysis of fibre mixtures. 3 Principle Method A: The outline of the fabric specimen to be dissected is marked in the form of a square or rectangle, and the non-fibrous matter is removed while the marked area still forms part of a large
20、r sample and the threads cannot, therefore, be lost from it. If the amount of non-fibrous matter is to be determined, it is stipulated that the larger sample shall be a square cut with its diagonals parallel to the directions of the threads in the fabric. If the amount of non-fibrous matter has not
21、to be determined, the larger sample may be of any shape or size. Method B: A specimen of known area is dissected and the non-fibrous matter is removed from the warp and weft threads. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Indelible marking ink 4.2 Scissors 4.3 Dissection needle 4.4 Small template 1)to mark (or a die to cu
22、t) a square or a rectangle of known area of not less than150cm 2 . The length to width ratio of the rectangle shall not exceed4. 4.5 Large template, to mark (or a die to cut) a square which is sufficiently large to enclose the area marked with the smaller template(4.4) when placed with its diagonals
23、 parallel to the sides of the enclosed square or rectangle. 4.6 Balance, accurate to0,1% of the smallest quantity to be weighed. 5 Conditioning and testing atmosphere The standard atmospheres for pre-conditioning, conditioning and testing textiles as specified in ISO139 shall be used. 6 Test specime
24、ns 6.1 Conditioning Before marking or cutting, expose the samples from which the test specimens will be removed to the standard atmosphere for conditioning until it is in equilibrium with that atmosphere. Take the specimens from each sample. 6.2 Method A With the aid of the large template(4.5), mark
25、 in pencil on the sample a square with its diagonals in the direction of the warp and weft threads. In the centre of the square, and with the aid of the small template(4.4), mark in indelible ink(4.1) a square or rectangle with its sides in the directions of the warp and weft threads. Cut the larger
26、 square from the sample by means of the scissors(4.2) and identify the warp and weft directions. Alternatively, remove the larger square from the sample by means of a die. When the amount of non-fibrous matter has not to be determined, the larger specimen may be of any shape or size, provided that t
27、he threads are retained in the inner marked area during the removal of added matter. 6.3 Method B With the aid of the small template(4.4), mark in pencil a square or a rectangle with its sides as closely as possible parallel to the warp and weft threads. Cut the square or rectangle from the fabric b
28、y means of the scissors(4.2) and identify the warp and weft directions. Alternatively, remove a square of the appropriate size from the fabric by means of a die. 1) A suitable template is15,8cm15,8cm; the yarn mass in grams multiplied by40 gives the number of grams per square metre.BS2866:1984 2 BSI
29、 08-1999 7 Procedure 7.1 Method A Remove any non-fibrous matter from the sample by a method described in ISO/TR5090. Expose the sample to the atmosphere for conditioning and testing until equilibrium is attained. Cut along the sides of the inner square or rectangle which was marked on the sample bef
30、ore the removal of added matter. Determine the mass of the marked area to an accuracy of0,1%. Working over paper of a colour suitable for showing up fragments of the yarn and fibre from the fabric being tested, fray out from one edge of the square or rectangle, and collect together, the threads more
31、 easily removed from the fabric. From time to time, cut off the fringe of threads remaining in the other direction of the fabric and collect the short lengths together, keeping them separate from the more easily removed threads. When the whole of the marked area has been dissected into warp and weft
32、 threads, determine the mass of the two sets of threads separately to an accuracy of0,1%. The sum of these two masses shall not differ from the mass of the fabric before dissection by more than1%. Where the sum of the masses of warp and weft threads differs by more than1% from the mass of the fabric
33、 specimen, the procedure has not been followed with sufficent accuracy. Repeat the procedure in order to achieve the required accuracy. NOTELong rectangular specimens are easier to dissect than squares, but the dissection of the latter may be facilitated by cutting into several rectangles with their
34、 lengths in the direction of the threads more easily removed from the fabric. 7.2 Method B Dissect the specimen of known area into warp and weft threads over paper of a colour suitable for showing up fragments of yarn from the fabric being tested. When the dissection of the specimen has been complet
35、ed, remove the non-fibrous matter from the two sets of threads separately by a method described in ISO/TR5090, taking care that no loss of fibre occurs during the process. Dry the threads and bring them into equilibrium with the standard atmosphere for testing, from the dry side by exposing them fre
36、ely to that atmosphere. Determine the mass of the two sets of threads separately to an accuracy of0,1%. 8 Calculation and expression of results From the conditioned masses of warp and weft, free from added matter, and the known area of the specimens dissected, calculate the mass per unit area of war
37、p, weft and fabric and express each in grams per square metre. 9 Test report The test report shall include the following particulars: a) a reference to this International Standard (ISO7211-6); b) the standard atmosphere used (temperate or tropical); c) the method used (A or B); d) the method used fo
38、r removal of non-fibrous matter; e) the mass of warp and weft per unit area of each specimen and, if required, the mass per unit area of the fabric, all expressed in grams per square metre; f) details of any deviation from the method.BS2866:1984 BSI 08-1999 Publications referred to See national fore
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