1、BRITISH STANDARD BS3408:1992 Incorporating Amendment No.1 Specification for TarpaulinsBS3408:1992 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee, was published underthe authority of the Standards Board and comes intoeffect on 28
2、 February 1992 BSI 04-1999 First published August 1961 Second edition April 1977 Third edition February 1992 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TCM/4 Draft for comment91/37682DC ISBN 0 580 20358 1 Committees responsible for this British Standard The
3、 preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee (TCM/-) to Technical Committee TCM/4, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Heavy Textile Proofers of Great Britain Association of Metropolitan Authorities British P
4、est Control Association British Plastics Federation British Railways Board British Wood Preserving and Damp-proofing Association Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers Association Home Office Institution of Fire Engineers Made-up Textiles Association Ministry of Defence National Federation of Roofi
5、ng Contractors Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 8301 October1984 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS 3408:1992 BSI 04-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Impregnated uncoated tarpaulins 1 4 PVC-coated sy
6、nthetic fibre fabric tarpaulins 5 5 Accessories 8 6 Marking 8 Appendix A Determination of low temperature flexibility 9 Appendix B Determination of water resistance of treated fabrics 9 Appendix C Determination of flammability 10 Appendix D Recommendations for cleaning PVC-coated synthetic fibre fab
7、ric tarpaulins 10 Table 1 Untreated cotton fabrics 2 Table 2 Untreated flax fabrics 2 Table 3 Untreated polyester/cotton fabrics, core spun 3 Table 4 Untreated cotton/polyester blended fabrics 3 Table 5 Untreated polyester, polyamide and polyester/polyamide fabrics 3 Table 6 Performance requirements
8、 for PVC-coated polyamide and PVC-coated polyester fabrics 6 Publication(s) referred to Inside back coverBS3408:1992 ii BSI 04-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee. It supersedes BS3408:1977 which is withdra
9、wn. This revision specifies construction and performance requirements for a series of products that have individual ranges of usefulness and limitations and which should not be regarded as alternatives to each other. Potential users are recommended to consult suppliers on the most suitable choice of
10、 fabric for particular purposes and conditions of service, since some of the tarpaulins may not be suitable for specific end uses, e.g.hatch coverings on ships. Where required, flammability performance is specified in this standard: the test is based on test2A of BS5438:1989. An additional procedure
11、, for non-PVC-coated specimens, gives an indication of the durability of flame retardant treatments. Due allowance has been made in this standard for the effect on other properties due to the application of flame retardants. The availability of treatments other than those specified in this British S
12、tandard has been considered, and some provision for their use, as well as for future developments in this direction, has been made in3.2. A specification that merely formulated a number of recipes to be adopted for rendering textiles rot resistant would automatically preclude the use of all agents o
13、r mixtures other than those specified, and this kind of limitation has been avoided in this revision of BS3408. Methods of test for verification of certain requirements are given in Appendix A to Appendix C, and Appendix D recommends cleaning procedures for PVC-coated synthetic fibre fabric tarpauli
14、ns. BS3408 does not cover tarpaulins based on knitted fabrics. Product certification. Users of this British Standard are advised to consider the desirability of third party certification of product conformity with this British Standard based on testing and continuing surveillance, which may be coupl
15、ed with assessment of a suppliers quality schemes against the appropriate Part of BS5750. Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification schemes will be forwarded by BSI to the Association of Certification Bodies. If a third party certification scheme does not already exist, users sho
16、uld consider approaching an appropriate body from the list of Association members. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itsel
17、f confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to10, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indi
18、cated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS 3408:1992 BSI 04-1999 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for the materials, manufacture and treatment of tarpaulins that have been impregnated and/or coated to render them water resistant and rot resistant. Clause3 specifie
19、s impregnated, uncoated tarpaulins, clause4 specifies PVC-coated synthetic fibre fabric tarpaulins and clause5 specifies tarpaulin accessories such as lashing ropes and grommets or eyelets. BS3408 is not applicable to certain types of fitted tarpaulins. Potential users are recommended to consult man
20、ufacturers on the most suitable choice of fabric for particular purposes. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purpose of this British Standard the definitions given in BS6189 apply, together with the following. 2.
21、1 boiling scouring at the boil or under pressure with sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) or with lime followed by sodium carbonate (soda ash), or with a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate 2.2 coated fabric a material composed of two or more layers, at least one of which is of a textile ma
22、terial (woven, knitted, or nonwoven) and at least one of which is a substantially continuous polymeric film, bonded closely together by means of an added adhesive or by the adhesive properties of one or more of the component layers 2.3 impregnated fabric a fabric which has been treated generally by
23、dipping into a mixture of chemical reagents, or by a similar process, followed by expressing excess of the mixture, in order to render the fabric water repellant, rot resistant and, if required, to have flammability performance. In the case of tarpaulins, the treatment does not disturb the physical
24、properties or surface detail, i.e.does not obscure the fabric structure as would a coating, but preserves the fabrics water vapour permeability. The impregnated fabric is essentially dry, non-tacky and flexible 2.4 water resistant impervious to water NOTEThe term “water resistant” should not be inte
25、rpreted in the absolute sense. 2.5 tarpaulin a covering, or sheet of fabric, coated or impregnated so as to make it resistant to the transmission of water, and used to spread over anything to protect it from the elements 3 Impregnated uncoated tarpaulins 3.1 Fabric 3.1.1 General The fabric shall be
26、cotton, flax, polyester/cotton core spun, polyester/cotton blended, polyester, polyamide (nylon) or polyester/polyamide (nylon), woven in accordance with3.1.2 to3.1.6, as appropriate. NOTE 1Selvedges, including woven, sealed and fringe selvedges, should be flat and even in appearance. NOTE 2The fabr
27、ic should be uniformly woven and reasonably free from defects. NOTE 3Fabric in the untreated state should contain no foreign matter. NOTE 4Interested parties may agree on the width of the fabric, as determined in accordance with BS1930. A minimum width of90cm is recommended. NOTE 5Yarns should be re
28、asonably free from slubs, snarls, knots, yarn sleeving and other defects. 3.1.2 Cotton 3.1.2.1 Yarns Yarns shall be spun from100% cotton. 3.1.2.2 Construction Fabric shall comply with the appropriate requirements given in Table 1. NOTEFabric references1 and2 are not recommended for tropical use. 3.1
29、.3 Flax 3.1.3.1 Yarns Yarns shall be dry-spun from pure flax. The yarns, with the exception of those for fabric reference9 as given in Table 2, shall be boiled to such an extent that, when tested in accordance with BS6645, the residual alkali solubility does not exceed10%. Compounds which liberate c
30、hlorine and other deleterious substance shall not be used in the boiling process. Fabric reference9 shall be woven from unboiled flax tow. Fabric reference10 shall be woven from flax line.BS3408:1992 2 BSI 04-1999 Table 1 Untreated cotton fabrics (see3.1.1 and3.1.2) Table 2 Untreated flax fabrics (s
31、ee3.1.1 and 3.1.3) 3.1.3.2 Construction Fabric shall comply with the appropriate requirements of Table 2. 3.1.4 Polyester/cotton core spun 3.1.4.1 Yarns Warp yarns shall be two fold in which each singles yarn shall be core spun and shall consist of a280dtex/polyester core with a cotton sheath having
32、 at least the same linear density as the core. Weft yarns shall be polyester and cotton core spun, and shall be in one of the following constructions: a) two fold, in which each singles yarn shall be core spun and shall consist of a280dtex polyester core with a cotton sheath having at least the same
33、 linear density as the core; b) a single560dtex polyester core with a cotton sheath having at least the same linear density as the core; c) a two fold polyester core, in which each singles yarn shall be280dtex, with a cotton sheath having at least the same linear density as the core. 3.1.4.2 Constru
34、ction Fabric shall comply with the appropriate requirements given in Table 3. Rip-stop construction shall be by weaving two threads as one at intervals of approximately7mm in both warp and weft directions. 3.1.5 Polyester/cotton blended 3.1.5.1 Yarns Yarns shall be spun from a blend of polyester/cot
35、ton in which the polyester content is502% by mass. 3.1.5.2 Construction The fabric shall comply with the appropriate requirements given in Table 4. Fabric reference Weave Minimum mass/unit area Threads per cm a Minimum breaking strength b Minimum resistance to tear c Warp Weft Warp Weft Across warp
36、Across weft g/m 2 N/50mm N/50mm N N 1 Plain 475 18.5 11.0 1210 1096 45 30 2 Plain 510 17.6 12.6 1420 1340 77 52 3 Plain 610 15.8 11.8 1900 1800 87 55 4 Plain 680 15.0 10.2 1800 1700 90 47 Test method BS2471 BS2862 BS2576 BS4303 a These values are subject to a tolerance of 0.25 threads per cm. b For
37、breaking strength of treated fabric, see3.3.4. c The values given in this table are the maximum peak values as given in BS4303. For resistance to tear of treated fabric, see3.3.5. Fabric reference Weave Minimum mass/unit area Threads per cm a Minimum breaking strength b Minimum resistance to tear c
38、Warp (double) Weft Warp Weft Across warp Across weft g/m 2 N/50mm N/50mm N N 5 Plain 610 10.6 10.2 1630 1900 175 130 6 Plain 680 10.2 9.8 1860 2080 175 145 7 Plain 750 10.2 9.4 1970 2190 200 155 8 Plain 820 10.2 8.6 1950 2300 190 157 9 Plain 610 9.8 9.8 1800 1850 185 130 10 Plain 610 9.4 9.4 2350 30
39、00 250 275 Test method BS2471 BS2862 BS2576 BS4303 a These values are subject to a tolerance of 0.25 threads per cm. b For breaking strength of treated fabric, see3.3.4. c The values given in this table are the maximum peak values as given in BS4303. For resistance to tear of treated fabric, see3.3.
40、5.BS 3408:1992 BSI 04-1999 3 Table 3 Untreated polyester/cotton fabrics, core spun (see3.1.1 and3.1.4) Table 4 Untreated cotton/polyester blended fabrics, (see3.1.1 and3.1.5) Table 5 Untreated polyester, polyamide and polyester/polyamide fabrics (see3.1.1 and3.1.6) 3.1.6 Polyester, polyamide (nylon)
41、 or polyester/polyamide (nylon) 3.1.6.1 Yarns Yarns shall be spun from polyester, polyamide (nylon), or a blend of polyester/polyamide (nylon). 3.1.6.2 Construction Fabrics shall comply with the appropriate requirements given in Table 5. 3.2 Impregnation NOTEAny treatment applied to the fabric to in
42、duce water resistance, rot resistance and, if required, flammability performance, should be such that the treated fabric complies with3.2. The process or method used should ensure that the textile appearance is unchanged and that the treated fabric is permeable by air and is dry, non-tacky and pliab
43、le. Fabric reference Weave Minimum mass/unit area Threads per cm a Minimum breaking strength b Minimum resistance to tear c Warp Weft Warp Weft Across warp Across weft g/m 2 N/50mm N/50mm N N 11 Plain 407 19 13 2610 2100 190 115 12 Rip-stop d 407 19 13 2610 2100 292 235 Test method BS2471 BS2862 BS2
44、576 BS4303 a These values are subject to a tolerance of 0.25 threads per cm. b For breaking strength of treated fabric, see3.3.4. c The values given in this table are the maximum peak values as given in BS4303. For resistance to tear of treated fabric, see3.3.5. d See3.1.4.2 Fabric reference Weave M
45、inimum mass/unit area Threads per cm a Minimum breaking strength b Minimum resistance to tear c Warp Weft Warp Weft Across warp Across weft g/m 2 N/50mm N/50mm N N 13 Plain 407 21 15 2190 1750 110 77 14 Rip-stop d 407 21 15 2190 1750 210 200 15 Rip-stop d 510 17 12 2580 1970 292 197 16 Rip-stop d 54
46、3 19 12 2735 2080 300 187 Test method BS2471 BS2862 BS2576 BS4303 a These values are subject to a tolerance of 0.25 threads per cm. b For breaking strength of treated fabrics, see3.3.4. c The values given in this table are the maximum peak values as given in BS4303. For resistance to tear of treated
47、 fabric, see3.3.5. d See3.1.4.2. Fabric reference Weave Minimum mass/unit area Threads per cm a Minimum breaking strength b Minimum resistance to tear c Warp Weft Warp Weft Across warp Across weft g/m 2 N/50mm N/50mm N N 17 Plain 440 20 12.6 2200 2400 190 200 Test method BS2471 BS2862 BS2576 BS4303
48、a These values are subject to a tolerance of 0.25 threads per cm. b For breaking strength of treated fabric, see3.3.4. c The values given in this table are the maximum peak values as given in BS4303. For resistance to tear of treated fabric, see3.3.5.BS3408:1992 4 BSI 04-1999 3.2.1 Preservative trea
49、tments Unless otherwise agreed between interested parties, the method of treatment applied to the textile to impart rot resistance shall be in accordance with BS2087-1. NOTEGenerally, lighter processes are applied to textiles for use in temperate climates and heavier processes are applied to textiles for use in tropical climates. 3.2.2 Treatment for flammability performance Where flammability performance is specified, the fabric shall be subjected to a flame retardant treatment. 3.3 Physical properties of the impregnated tarpaulin materials 3.3
