1、BRITISH STANDARD BS3412:1992 Methods of specifying General purpose polyethylene materials for moulding and extrusionBS3412:1992 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Plastics and Rubber Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Boa
2、rd and comes intoeffect on 28February1992 BSI03-1999 First published September1961 Second edition December1966 Third edition March1976 Fourth edition February1992 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PRM/32 Draft for comment88/36146 ISBN 0 580 20546 0
3、 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Plastics and Rubber Standards Policy Committee (PRM/-) to Technical Committee PRM/32, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Cable Makers Confederation British Plastics
4、Federation British Telecommunications plc Ministry of Defence Packaging and Industrial Films Association Standards Association of Australia Telecommunications Cables Group of BCMC Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS3412:1992 BSI 03-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible
5、 Inside front cover Foreword ii Section 1. General 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Definition 1 1.3 Preparation of test specimens 1 1.4 Conditioning of test specimens 1 1.5 Reporting of test data 1 Section 2. Ethylene homopolymer and copolymer materials having a maximum content of1-olefin monomers of less than50%(m
6、/m) and non-olefinic monomers with functional groups up to a maximum of3%(m/m) 2.1 Designation 2 2.2 Properties 4 2.3 Carbon black content 4 2.4 Dispersion of carbon black and pigment 4 2.5 Antioxidants 8 Section 3. Polyethylene materials for British Government Service contracts 3.1 Classification 1
7、0 3.2 Properties 10 3.3 Antioxidants 10 3.4 Marking 10 Appendix A Preparation of test specimens 11 Appendix B Method of determining conventional density 11 Figure 1 Example of a complete designation 4 Table 1 Codes for the intended application and method of processing 2 Table 2 Codes for additives a
8、nd other supplementary information 3 Table 3 Designatory properties: codes for conventional density 3 Table 4 Designatory properties: codes for melt flow rate (MFR) 3 Table 5 Melt flow rate tolerances 4 Table 6 Additional properties 6 Table 7 Antioxidants for use with polyethylene compositions 8 Pub
9、lication(s) referred to 13BS3412:1992 ii BSI 03-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Plastics and Rubber Standards Policy Committee and was based on a draft produced by the British Plastics Federation. It was first published in1961, revised in1966, and rev
10、ised again in1976 when the scope was extended to include some ethylene copolymers for moulding and extrusion purposes and a classification system was introduced which was related to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) publication ISO1872:1972. This revision supersedes BS3412:197
11、6 which is withdrawn. ISO1872 has since been revised and issued in two Parts, ISO1872-1:1986 and ISO1872-2:1989. In this British Standard, which remains related to both ISO1872-1 and ISO1872-2, the types of polyethylene materials not particularly for British Government Service contracts, are classif
12、ied by means of two designatory properties, i.e.conventional density and melt flow rate. At the next revision the need to give methods for specifying types of materials particularly for British Government Service contracts will be assessed. No attempt is made to specify all the properties of a polye
13、thylene or ethylene copolymer that may be of importance in a particular application, and in many cases it will be necessary for the user to state his own special requirements in addition to those specified in this standard. Methods of test, including methods for the preparation of test specimens, ar
14、e also given. It is intended that all the methods of test will be published as BS2782 methods identical with the corresponding ISO standards. However, at the present time, although method numbers have already been allocated, some BS2782 methods have not yet been published and, until they are, the co
15、rresponding ISO standards should be used. The properties of a polyethylene material may be changed by the incorporation of additives such as pigments and antistatic agents and therefore it is essential that the values quoted for selected properties are related to the material in the form in which it
16、 is supplied. The thermal history and the internal stresses of the test specimens strongly influence the thermal and mechanical properties and resistance to environmental stress cracking but exert less effect on the electrical properties which mainly depend on the chemical composition of the mouldin
17、g compound. NOTEProperties determined according to the methods used in this British Standard will be not necessarily identical to those obtained using specimens of different dimensions and/or prepared by different procedures. The values obtained for the properties of a product depend on the compound
18、, the shape, the test method and the morphology. The latter depends on the extrusion or moulding conditions, for example gating, pressure, temperature or injection rate. It is essential that any subsequent treatment should also be considered, for example, conditioning or annealing. A British Standar
19、d does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an
20、 inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to14, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS3412:1992 BSI 03-1999 1 Section 1. General 1.
21、1 Scope This British Standard gives a method for specifying the composition and property requirements of ethylene homopolymers and ethylene copolymers having a maximum content of other1-olefin monomers of less than50%(m/m). In addition, those with a content of non-olefinic monomers with functional g
22、roups up to a maximum of3%(m/m) are specified in section2 whilst those particularly for British Government Service contracts having in addition a content of non-olefinic monomers with functional groups up to a maximum of30%(m/m) are specified in section3. This British Standard applies to materials r
23、eady for normal use in the form of powder, granules and to materials unmodified by colourants, additives, fillers, etc. Itdoes not apply to masterbatches or to ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPM rubber). NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on page15. 1.2 Definit
24、ion declared value Typical physical value indicated for a material by a manufacturer or supplier. 1.3 Preparation of test specimens The preparation of test specimens shall be in accordance with procedures described in Appendix A, i.e.either by compression moulding or injection moulding. NOTECompress
25、ion moulding is the preferred method. 1.4 Conditioning of test specimens Unless otherwise specified test specimens shall be conditioned at23C 2 C and50%r.h. for at least16h prior to testing. 1.5 Reporting of test data In addition to the values of the test data the following information shall be repo
26、rted: a) form of material tested (powder, granules, pellets, specimen from a moulded part); b) moulding temperature; c) average cooling rate; d) details of any additional test conditions; e) the numbers and dates of the appropriate British Standard test methods.BS3412:1992 2 BSI 03-1999 Section 2. E
27、thylene homopolymer and copolymer materials having a maximum content of1-olefin monomers of less than50%(m/m) and non-olefinic monomers with functional groups up to a maximum of3%(m/m) 2.1 Designation 2.1.1 The system given in2.1.2 shall be used. The ethylene homopolymer and copolymer materials are
28、classified according to their method of processing, their designatory properties, i.e.conventional density and melt flow rate, and supplementary information. The designation system is only intended to indicate a broad classification and in most circumstances specific values of the designatory proper
29、ties and other characteristics will be required (see2.2.2). 2.1.2 The designation shall consist of the following coded information, given in the following order and separated by a comma: a) the number and date of this British Standard, i.e.BS3412:1992; b) identification of the plastics material, i.e
30、.PE (polyethylene); c) the code as given in Table 1 corresponding to the intended application and method of processing; d) the code as given in Table 2 corresponding to additives and other supplementary information; e) designatory properties as coded in Table 3 and Table 4 separated by a hyphen. NOT
31、EFigure 1 gives an example of a complete designation. Table 1 Codes for the intended application and method of processing Code Intended application and method of processing A adhesives B blow moulding B1 extrusion blow moulding B2 injection blow moulding C calendering E extrusion E1 extrusion of pip
32、es E2 extrusion of profiles E3 extrusion of sheets E4 extrusion of tubings E5 coextrusion F extrusion of films G general use H coating H1 powder coating H2 dip coating K cable and wire coating L monofilament extrusion M injection moulding Q compression moulding R rotational moulding S sintering T ta
33、pe manufacture V thermoforming X no indication Y textile yarns, spinningBS3412:1992 BSI 03-1999 3 Table 2 Codes for additives and other supplementary information Table 3 Designatory properties: codes for conventional density Table 4 Designatory properties: codes for melt flow rate (MFR) Code Additiv
34、es and other supplementary information A processing stabilized B antiblocking C coloured/pigmented D powder E expandable F modified burning characteristics G materials with no additives other than up to0.02%(m/m) antioxidant H heat-ageing stabilized K loss angle not greater than300rad L light and/or
35、 weather stabilized, containing antioxidants/UV stabilizers but NOT carbon black N natural (unpigmented) P modified (impact) Q suitable for insulation/sheathing with added antioxidant where loss angle is unimportant R moulding release agent S lubricated T improved transparency W weather resistant co
36、ntaining antioxidants and carbon black X crosslinkable Y increased electrical conductivity Z antistatic Code Conventional density range kg/m 3 14 # 916 18 916 # 921 23 921 # 925 27 925 # 930 33 930 # 936 40 936 # 942 45 942 # 948 50 948 # 954 57 954 # 960 62 960 NOTEIf an individual conventional den
37、sity value falls on or near the maximum or minimum value of a conventional density range, it is essential that the manufacturer states which code should be used to designate the material. If subsequent individual conventional density values lie on or either side of the range limits for the code beca
38、use of manufacturing tolerances, the designation is not affected. Code MFR range g/10 min 000 # 0.10 001 0.10 # 0.20 003 0.20 # 0.40 006 0.40 # 0.80 012 0.80 # 1.5 022 1.5 # 3.0 045 3.0 # 6.0 080 6.0 # 12 200 12 # 25 400 25 # 50 700 50 NOTEIf an individual MFR value falls on or near the maximum or m
39、inimum value of an MFR range, it is essential that the manufacturer states which code should be used to designate the material. If subsequent individual MFR values lie on or either side of the MFR range limits for the code because of manufacturing tolerances, the designation is not affected.BS3412:1
40、992 4 BSI 03-1999 2.2 Properties 2.2.1 Designatory properties 2.2.1.1 General The designatory properties required to be measured for polyethylene materials are conventional density and melt flow rate. 2.2.1.2 Conventional density The value of conventional density when measured by the method given in
41、 Appendix B shall not differ from the declared value by more than 2kg/m 3for the range910kg/m 3to940kg/m 3 . For the density range941kg/m 3to967kg/m 3the value of conventional density shall not differ from the declared value by more than 3kg/m 3 . When carbon black is used to confer weather resistan
42、ce, the value of conventional density shall be corrected by subtracting a figure related to the level of carbon black present from the conventional density, i.e.the corrected conventional density is the conventional density of the carbon black containing material minus4.5 times the numerical value o
43、f the percentage of carbon black in the material. For this purpose the level of carbon black shall be determined in accordance with BS2782:Method452B. For coloured material the conventional density used for the purposes of this British Standard shall be the conventional density obtained on the basic
44、 uncoloured material. 2.2.1.3 Melt flow rate The melt flow rate (MFR) shall be determined according to test condition4 of Table 2 of BS2782:Method720A:1979 (at a temperature of190C with a nominal force of21.2N). When theMFR measured at test condition4 is less than0.1g/10min, a nominal force of49.0N,
45、 i.e.test condition5 of Table 2 of BS2782:Method720A:1979 shall be used. When theMFR measured at test condition5 is less than0.1g/10min, a nominal force of212N shall beused, i.e.test condition7 of Table 2 of BS2782:Method720A:1979. The declared value of the melt flow rate shall be within the toleran
46、ces shown in Table 5. Table 5 Melt flow rate tolerances 2.2.2 Additional properties Other properties to be selected will be determined by the characteristics required for processing and the characteristics required of the processed article. NOTEThe purchaser should establish his own correlation betw
47、een the properties of the processed article and the material properties required for their achievement. Typical additional properties to be measured and the test methods to be used are listed in Table 6. 2.3 Carbon black content The carbon black content of weather resistant material shall be not les
48、s than2.0%(m/m) and not more than3.0%(m/m) when determined by BS2782:Method452B. 2.4 Dispersion of carbon black and pigment 2.4.1 Carbon black The microscopic dispersion of carbon black shall be determined in accordance with BS2782:Method823A. The numerical rating shall be5 or less and the uniformit
49、y of appearance in respect of smears and streaks shall be at least equal to photomicrograph A of Figure 1 of BS2782:Method823A:1978. An example of a complete designation is as follows: A grade of polyethylene (PE) intended for extrusion of pipes (E1) light and/or weather stabilized (L) and not pigmented (N), conventional density of 927 kg/m 3with a melt flow rate of 0.3 g/10 min (003). Reference 2.1.2 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Designation BS 3412:1992 PE E1 LN 27-003 The full designation is: BS 3412:1992, PE, E1, LN, 27-003 Figure 1 Example of a com
