1、BS 3449:1990IncorporatingAmendment Nos. 1 and 2Method for resistance of fabrics to water absorption (static immersion test)UDC 677.017; 677.074; 541.121-032.2; 620.1NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyr
2、ight notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 18162 6The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference TCM/24Draft for comment 89/36778 DCPublication historyFirst published December 1961Second edition, June 1
3、990Third edition, October 2006Amendments issued since publicationAmd. no. Date Text affected8274 15 November 1994 Clause 4 updated reference; Clause 7.1 replacement formula; references updated from Clause 4.16652 31 October 2006 Tolerances added and replacement subclauses in Clause 3.4, tolerances a
4、dded to Clause 4, second sentence removed Clause 6.7, replacement Clause 6.8.BS 3449:1990 BSI 2006 iBS 3449:1990ContentsForeword ii1 Scope 12 Principle 13 Apparatus and reagent 14 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing 25 Test specimens 26 Procedure 27 Calculation and expression of results 38 Test
5、report 3Appendix Appendix A. Sinkers 4List of figuresFigure 1 Sinker for holding specimen 4Publications referred to Inside back coverSummary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover.BS 3449:1990ii BSI 20
6、06ForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee and forms a revision of BS 3499:1961, which is withdrawn.In this revision, the method has been brought up to date by making minor changes throughout the
7、 text.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligation. BSI 2006 1BS 3449:19901 ScopeThis Brit
8、ish Standard describes a static immersion test which may be applied to any textile fabric for which a knowledge of the water absorportion properties is required.NOTE The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover.2 PrincipleSpecimens of conditioned fa
9、bric of known mass are immersed in water at a constant temperature for a specified length of time. The specimens are held down in a horizontal plane at a given depth below the surface by means of sinkers. The specimens are taken out of the water and surplus water is removed from them by centrifuging
10、, the mass of the specimens is again determined and the absorption percentage is calculated.3 Apparatus and reagent3.1 Immersion vessel, of non-corrosive material, at least 130 mm deep, with a flat base, and the base area being large enough to accommodate at least four sinkers. The immersion vessel
11、shall be clean.3.2 Four sinkers (see Appendix A).3.3 Balance, to determine mass accurately to 1 mg.3.4 Centrifuge, comprising a disc with a horizontal mounting surface of diameter 175 2 mm, capable of rotating at 700 10 r/min. The time required to attain the speed of 700 r/min from rest and vice ver
12、sa shall be between 1 s and 2 s.The disc/pin arrangement should be such that the wet specimens cannot stick to the surface of the disc. This may be achieved by having 50 ribs, each at least 1 mm in height provided in an equally spaced radial arrangement on the surface of the disc, or by ensuring pin
13、s are of adequate length.Four steel pins, not less than 6 mm in length and spaced approximately 50 mm away from the centre of the disc, shall be provided in an equally spaced arrangement around the disc to secure the specimens.The total mass of the disc and shaft propelled by the drive motor shall b
14、e 410 10 g.The centrifuge shall be provided with a timer to automatically switch off following the prescribed rotation cycle.BS 3449:19902 BSI 20063.5 Stop-watch, having an accuracy of 1 s.3.6 Thermometer, complying with BS 593.3.7 Four light-weight air-tight containers, large enough to accommodate
15、single specimens without creasing.3.8 Water, complying with grade 3 of BS 3978, at a temperature of 20 2 C.4 Atmosphere for conditioning and testingThe conditioning and testing atmosphere shall be the standard temperature atmosphere for testing textiles as defined in BS EN 20139, i.e. a relative hum
16、idity of 65 2% and a temperature of 20 2 C.5 Test specimens5.1 DimensionsCut each test specimen approximately 80 mm 80 mm at approximately 45 to the warp or machine direction, avoiding creasing and distortion.5.2 NumberTest four test specimens.5.3 SelectionTake the test specimens from different plac
17、es in the fabric, so that they represent the material as fully as possible.5.4 PreparationRemove loose yarns from the test specimen corners and handle the test specimens as little as possible.6 Procedure6.1 Condition the test specimens for at least 24 h in the standard temperate atmosphere for testi
18、ng textiles (see Clause 4).6.2 After conditioning, record the mass of each test specimen to the nearest milligram.6.3 Insert one test specimen between the cross-pieces of each of the four sinkers (3.2) with the diagonals of the test specimens in line with the arms of the cross-pieces.6.4 Add to the
19、immersion vessel (3.1) water (3.8) at 20 2 C to a depth of at least 100 mm.NOTE Use fresh water (3.8) for each set of four test specimens. BSI 2006 3BS 3449:19906.5 Hold the first sinker with the stem vertical so that the test specimen is just clear of the water surface, submerge it carefully to the
20、 bottom of the immersion vessel at the same time starting the stop-watch (3.5). Submerge the remaining three sinkers and test specimens at intervals of approximately 1 min.6.6 If a test specimen becomes displaced appreciably during the process of submerging, restore it to its proper position with th
21、e tip of a glass rod; do not touch the water with the hands.NOTE When a test specimen and sinker are submerged, the test specimen, which may be lighter than water because of entrapped air, may press upwards against the underside of the upper arms of the cross-piece.6.7 Take the first sinker and test
22、 specimen out of the water after they have been immersed for a period of 20 min 10 s. 6.8 Remove the test specimen from the sinker immediately and locate it on the pins of the centrifuge. Run the centrifuge for (15 1) s to remove loosely attached water.6.9 Repeat 6.7 to 6.8 with the remaining three
23、sinkers and test specimens after each has been immersed for a period of 20 min 10 s.6.10 Determine the mass of each of the loaded containers to the nearest milligram.7 Calculation and expression of results7.1 Calculate the absorption (in %) for each test specimen from the following formula:Absorptio
24、n = 100whereM1is the mass of the container (in g);M2is the mass of the container plus wet test specimen (in g);M3is the mass of the conditioned test specimen (in g).7.2 Calculate the mean percentage water absorption for the four test specimens to the nearest 1%.8Test reportThe test report shall incl
25、ude the following:a) the number and date of this British Standard, i.e. BS 3499:1990;b) the percentage water absorption of each test specimen;c) the mean percentage water absorption to the nearest 1%;d) details of the sample tested.M2M1M3M3-BS 3449:19904 BSI 2006AppendixAppendix A. SinkersNOTE All d
26、imensions are nominal.A sinker is illustrated in Figure 1. It consists of a cross-piece and stem made entirely from 3 mm diameter brass rod. The cross-piece is made by silver-soldering together with four lengths of brass rod which have first been bent into U-shapes and the stem is soldered to the cr
27、oss-piece. The spacing in the cross-piece is 3 mm and each of the four arms is 65 mm long. The length of the stem is 125 mm. After construction, each sinker is chromium-plated.Figure 1 Sinker for holding specimenBS 3449:1990Publications referred toBS 593, Specification for laboratory thermometersBS
28、3978, Specification for water for laboratory useBS EN 20139, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testingBSI British Standards InstitutionBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international lev
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37、cording or otherwise without prior written permission from BSI.This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained.Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Manager.Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7070. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7553.Email: copyrightbsi-.BS 3449:1990389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4AL
