1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 411:1969 Specification for Circular saws for woodworking and their attachmentBS411:1969 This British Standard, having been approved by the MechanicalEngineering IndustryStandards Committeeand endorsed by theChairman of the EngineeringDivisional Council, was published under the au
2、thorityof the General Councilon 29August1969 BSI11-1999 First published April1931 First revision September1954 Second revision August1969 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MEE/171 Draft for comment 68/19117 ISBN 580 05701 1 Co-operating organizatio
3、ns The Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations: Associated Offices Technical Committee Institution of Gas Enginee
4、rs Association of Consulting Engineers Institution of Heating and Ventilating Association of Mining Electrical and Engineers Mechanical Engineers Institution of Mechanical Engineers Board of Trade Institution of Mechanical Engineers British Chemical Plant Manufacturers (Automobile Division) Associat
5、ion Institution of Production Engineers British Compressed Air Society Locomotive and Allied Manufacturers British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Association of Great Britain Association London Transport Board British Gear Manufacturers Association Machine Tool Trades Association* British Inter
6、nal Combustion Engine Ministry of Defence Manufacturers Association Ministry of Defence, Army Department British Steel Industry Department of Employment and Productivity British Mechanical Engineering Federation (H.M. Factory Inspectorate) British Pump Manufacturers Association Ministry of Power Cro
7、wn Agents for Oversea Governments and Ministry of Public Building and Works Administrations Ministry of Technology Electricity Council, the Central Electricity Ministry of TechnologyNational Generating Board and the Area Boards in Engineering Laboratory England and Wales Ministry of Transport Engine
8、ering Equipment Users Association National Coal Board Gas Council National Physical Laboratory (Ministry of Institute of Marine Engineers Technology) Institution of Civil Engineers Royal Institute of British Architects. The Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations marked wi
9、th an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard. Agricultural Engineers Association Ministry of Technology Forest Products Amalgamated Society of Woodworkers Research Laboratory British
10、Furniture Manufacturers Federated National Sawmilling Association Association Saw Manufacturers Association British Railways Board Trade Union Congress Home Timber Merchants Association of Furniture Industries Research Association England and Wales Institute of Machine Wood Working Ministry of Defen
11、ce (Navy Department) Technology Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS411:1969 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Nomenclature 1 3 Material 1 4 Hardness 1 5 Diameter and thickness 1 6 Radial runout 2 7 Axial runout
12、2 8 Centre holes, driving pin holes, spindle and pins 2 9 Tooth shape (for plate saws only) 2 10 Tooth setting 3 11 Finish 3 12 Tension 3 Appendix A Inch dimensions 12 Appendix B Information to be given with an enquiry or order 14 Figure 1 Plate saw 4 Figure 2 Single swage saw (taper one side only)
13、4 Figure 3 Double swage or taper-ground saw (taper both sides) 4 Figure 4 Nomenclature of rip saw teeth (SR.HR) 5 Figure 5 Nomenclature of crosscut teeth for general purpose cutting (GX) 6 Figure 6 Nomenclature of crosscut teeth for dimension cutting (DX) 7 Table 1 Plate saws: nominal diameter and t
14、hickness 8 Table 2 Limits of tolerance on saw diameter 8 Table 3 Axial runout 8 Table 4 Dimensions of saw drive 9 Table 5 Tooth details: saws for ripping (SR and HR) 10 Table 6 Crosscut tooth details: saws for general cutting (GX) 11 Table 7 Crosscut tooth details: saws for dimension cutting (DX) 11
15、 Table 8 Speeds of circular saws 11 Table 1A Plate saws: nominal diameter and thickness 12 Table 2A Limits of tolerance on saw diameter 12 Table 3A Dimensions of the saw drive 13 Table 4A Tooth set 13 Table 5A Crosscut tooth details: saws for general cutting 13 Table 6A Crosscut tooth details: saws
16、for dimension cutting 14 Table 7A Speeds of circular saws 14BS411:1969 ii BSI 11-1999 Foreword This standard makes reference to the following British Standards: BS4500, ISO limits and fits. BS 4361, Woodworking machinesPart1: Components. BS 427, Method for Vickers hardness testPart1: Testing of meta
17、ls. BS 860, Tables for comparison of hardness scales. This British Standard was first published in1931 as BS411, under the title “Attachment of circular saws for woodworking”, and was revised in1954 under the title “Circular saws for woodworking and their attachment”. The present revision, prepared
18、under the authority of the Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee, has been limited to saws with spring set teeth in order that more detailed agreement on tooth shape could be reached. The largest nominal saw diameter specified has been limited to1000mm because it was thought that the u
19、se of saws larger than this was insufficient to justify their inclusion. A complete change to these diameters is not at present practicable, but in order that the rest of the standard may be followed in the interim period, the saw details have been related to saw diameter ranges. It is eventually ho
20、ped to replace these ranges by nominal diameters. The standard includes material and hardness requirements, dimensional details of the saw blades, including tooth form and setting, and details of the attachment of the saws to the machine spindles. It deals with circular saws which are suitable for c
21、utting timber in its natural form but not in its manufactured derivatives. The tooth shape details for rip saws have been classified by the use of timber density ranges, as this is the most practicable method of covering all species and conditions of timber. Examples of common species in each range
22、have been included (seeTable 4). Because of the fundamental importance of tension to the efficient functioning of saw blades, the peripheral speeds of the saws are given together with a tabulated list of spindle speeds intended to ensure optimum tension conditions. In view of the direct relationship
23、 between the saw blades and the saw benches, or machines on which the blades are normally mounted, members of the Saw Manufacturers Association and the Machine Tool Trades Association have collaborated in the preparation of this standard. If users are in doubt about the selection of the correct saw
24、for their purpose, it is recommended that they contact the manufacturers or the Forest Products Research Laboratory. It is likely that inch dimensioned saws will continue in use for some years, and therefore basic information on these has been given in Appendix A. It is emphasized that the dimension
25、s quoted are not intended to be conversions of the metric values. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
26、 from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to14, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendm
27、ent table on the inside front cover.BS411:1969 BSI 11-1999 1 1 Scope 1.1 Types. This British Standard relates to the following types of spring set circular saws, up to a diameter of1000mm, for use in saw-milling and wood-working operations. 1) Plate saws. For ripping or crosscutting (seeFigure 1). 2
28、) Single swage saws. For cutting boards normally up to16mm thick (seeFigure 2). 3) Double swage saws. Taper ground both sides, for cutting softwood boards up to40mm thick, or hardwood boards up to32mm thick (seeFigure 3). NOTEDetails of saw thickness and tooth shape have not been included for swage
29、saws, because of the great number of variations necessary. 1.2 Details. Details in the standard, for the types of saw given above, include: 1) Sketches indicating the nomenclature of tooth forms. 2) Material and hardness. 3) A range of diameters and thicknesses for plate saws only. 4) Tolerances and
30、 accuracies, including concentricity. 5) Dimensions of centre hole, pin holes, spindles and pins. 6) Tooth shape for plate saws only. 7) Tooth setting. 8) Finish. 9) Tension and speed of saws. The information to be given with an enquiry or order is given in Appendix B. 1.3 Inch dimensions. Details o
31、f inch dimensioned saws are given in Appendix A. 2 Nomenclature The nomenclature relating to the forms of teeth shall be that shown on Figure 4,Figure 5 andFigure 6. 3 Material Circular saws complying with the provisions of this British Standard shall be manufactured from steel in one of the groups
32、given below. 1) Carbon steel, having a carbon content of not less than0.75% and not more than1.0%. 2) Alloy steel, having physical properties equivalent or superior to the above. The composition of the alloy steel shall be at the discretion of the saw manufacturer. 4 Hardness Each saw shall be harde
33、ned and tempered to produce a hardness within the range485 to350H.V.30 1)or equivalent on other hardness scales 2) . The actual hardness will depend largely on the type of material selected. The hardness will also vary in the range according to the thickness and the use of the saw, but the variation
34、 of hardness on any one saw blade shall not exceed the equivalent of30 units of the Vickers30K.g. hardness scale. 5 Diameter and thickness 5.1 Dimensions (for plate saws only). The nominal diameters and related thicknesses of plate saws are given in Table 1. Generally, crosscut saws have a thickness
35、 equal to that of the next larger diameter of rip saw. NOTESwage saws should conform to these nominal diameters. 5.2 Tolerances. The limits of tolerance on the thicknesses of saws are given in Table 1. The limits of tolerance on the diameters of saws are given in Table 2. 1) BS 427, “Method for Vick
36、ers hardness test”, Part1, “Testing of metals”. 2) BS 860, “Tables for comparison of hardness scales”.BS411:1969 2 BSI 11-1999 6 Radial runout 6.1 Centre to gullet. The radial runout measured at the diameter to the bottom of the gullet, relative to the centre hole, shall be within the following full
37、 indicator movement: Diameters up to560mm: 0.6mm. Diameters over560mm up to and including1000mm: 0.8mm. 6.2 Centre to point. The radial runout measured at the diameter to the points of the teeth relative to the centre hole, shall be within the following full indicator movement: Diameters up to560mm:
38、 0.8mm. Diameters over560mm, up to and including1000mm: 1.2mm. 7 Axial runout When mounted on a spindle and rotated slowly, the variation in reading of a dial indicator gauge applied to the side face, close to the teeth of the saw, shall not exceed the full indicator movement given in Table 3. 8 Cen
39、tre holes, driving pin holes, spindle and pins 8.1 Centre holes and spindles. The nominal bore of the centre holes shall be identical with the nominal diameter of the spindles and they are given in Table 4. The limits of tolerance on the diameters of the centre holes shall be to H9 3) , as detailed
40、in Table 4. The diameters and tolerances of the spindles shall be in accordance with BS4361 4) . NOTEThe resultant fit expressed as H9/g6. 8.2 Driving pin holes and pins. The diameters of the pin and pin holes, and their associated limits of tolerance shall be in accordance with Table 4. NOTENo stan
41、dard provision is made for pin holes in saws up to280mm diameter. 8.3 Dimensions between centres of centre hole and pin hole. The dimensions and limits of tolerance between the centres of the holes shall be in accordance with Table 4. For those who require a quick check, the nominal dimension betwee
42、n the inner edges of the holes is also given. 9 Tooth shape (for plate saws only) 9.1 Saws for ripping. The details of the shape of teeth suitable for rip saws are given in Table 5 and shown inFigure 4. Examples of typical timber species that fall into each of the four density ranges used in Table 5
43、 are given below: 3) BS4500, “ISO limits and fits”. 4) BS4361, “Woodworking machines”, Part1, “Components”. Tooth shape No. Typical species SR48 African mahogany Hemlock Norway spruce Obeche Poplar Scots pine (Baltic redwood) HR54 Ash Beech Larch Sapele HR60 Ebony Jarrah Rosewood HR80 Ekki Greenhear
44、t WamaraBS411:1969 BSI 11-1999 3 9.2 Saws for crosscutting 1) General crosscutting. Details of the shape of crosscut teeth suitable for general cutting are given in Table 6 and shown in Figure 5. 2) Dimension crosscutting. Details of the shape of crosscut teeth suitable for dimension cutting are giv
45、en in Table 7 and shown in Figure 6. 10 Tooth setting The teeth of the various types of saw shall be set according to the following requirements, in order to provide clearance for cutting. 10.1 Plate saws 10.2 Single swage saws 10.3 Double swage or taper ground saws 11 Finish All circular saws shall
46、 be supplied set and sharpened unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser and manufacturer. 12 Tension Saws shall normally be tensioned for the following nominal peripheral speeds: Plate saws50 metres per second Swage saws60 metres per second The rotational speeds of the various diameters of saw,
47、 necessary to ensure the correct tension, are given in Table 8. NOTE 1Deviations from the peripheral speeds given above should not be made, except after consultation with the saw manufacturer. NOTE 2On many machines, saw blades are mounted direct to the motor spindle, which normally rotates at2850re
48、v/min from50Hz electric supply. In the case of a450mm diameter saw, this would lead to a peripheral speed of just over67metres per second, and therefore saws for these applications must be specially tensioned. Up to560mm diameter, maximum set : 0.32mm minimum set : 0.25mm Over560mm diameter, maximum
49、 set : 0.55mm minimum set : 0.40mm On the flat side, maximum set : 0.32mm minimum set : 0.25mm On the taper side, maximum set : 0.55mm minimum set : 0.40mm On each side, maximum set : 0.32mm minimum set : 0.25mmBS411:1969 4 BSI 11-1999 Figure 1 Plate saw Figure 2 Single swage saw (taper one side only) Figure 3 Double swage or taper-ground saw (taper both sides)BS 411:1969 BSI 11-1999 5 Figure 4 Nomenclature of rip saw teeth (SR.HR)BS 411:1969 6 BSI 11-1999 Figure 5 Nomenclature of crosscut teeth for general purp
