1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 4110:1999 ICS 13.340.2
2、0 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Specification for Visors for vehicle usersBS 4110:1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee
3、 and comes into effect on 15 February 1999 BSI 02-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PH/2/5 Draft for comment 97/542075 DC ISBN 0 580 28234 1 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected Committees responsible for this Britis
4、h Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/2, Eye protection, to Subcommittee PH/2/5, Eye protectors for vehicle users, upon which the following bodies were represented: Auto-cycle Union British Medical Association British Motorcyclists Federation Bri
5、tish Safety Industry Federation BSIF Test & Certification Association BSI Testing Services Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions Central Transport Group Glass and Glazing Federation Institution of Mechanical Engineers Metropolitan Police Motor Cycl
6、e Industry Association Ltd. Personal Safety Manufacturers Association Royal Automobile ClubBS 4110:1999 BSI 02-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 1 4 Design and manufacture 1 5 Requirements 2 6 Testing
7、 4 7 Marking and labelling 5 Annex A (normative) Calculation of luminous transmittance and relative visual attenuation quotient 7 Annex B (normative) Spectral functions for the calculation of solar UV transmittance values 9 Annex C (normative) Abrasion resistance test method 10 Bibliography Inside b
8、ack cover Figure 1 Sequence of testing 5 Figure 2 Example of visor markings 6 Figure C.1 Diagram of abrading instrument 10 Figure C.2 Equipment for measuring scattered light (hazemeter) 11 Table 1 Requirements for ocular areas used in visors for vehicle users 3 Table 2 Transmittance requirements for
9、 ocular areas used in visors for vehicle users 3 Table A.1 Spectral functions of the calculation for t v and t sign 8 Table B.1 Spectral functions for the calculation of solar UV transmittance values and blue light transmittance 9 Table C.1 Readings required for abrasion resistance test 12ii BSI 02-
10、1999 BS 4110:1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by subcommittee PH/2/5, Eye protectors for vehicle users. This revision of BS 4110:1979 Specification for eye protectors for vehicle users, removes requirements for goggles, which are contained in BS EN 1938 Personal eye protection S
11、pecification for goggles for motorcycle and moped users. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from leg
12、al obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. BSI 02-1999 1 BS 4110:1999 1) Can be obtained from the Information Centre, British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Rd, London W4 4AL
13、. 2) Now withdrawn and superseded by BS 6658:1985. 1 Scope This standard specifies the design and performance requirements for visors for vehicle users and describes appropriate test methods. It covers visors for attachment to helmets conforming to BS 6658:1995 or replacement visors for attachment t
14、o helmets conforming to either BS 2495 or BS 5361 which are now withdrawn. It does not cover goggles for use by motorcycle or moped riders, which are covered by BS EN 1938. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute p
15、rovisions of this British Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. BS 6658:1985, Specification for protective helmets for vehicle users. BS EN
16、165:1996, Personal eye-protection Vocabulary. BS EN 166:1996, Personal eye-protection Specifications. BS EN 167:1995, Personal eye-protection Optical test methods. BS EN 168:1995, Personal eye-protection Non-optical test methods. ISO/CIE 10526:1991, CIE standard colorimetric illuminants. ISO/CIE 105
17、27:1991, CIE standard colorimetric observers. BS EN 1836:1997, Personal eye protection Sunglasses and sunglare filters for general use. BS 2495 (withdrawn) 1) , Protective helmets for vehicle users ( high protection). BS 5361 (withdrawn) 1) , Protective helmets for vehicle users. 3 Terms and definit
18、ions For the purpose of this British Standard, the definitions given in BS EN 165:1995 and BS EN 1836:1997 and the following apply. 3.1 visor eye protector having a protective transparent screen extending over the eyes and all, or part of the face, attached to a protective helmet in such a way that
19、it can be removed and refitted for cleaning and replacement purposes 3.2 lens that part of an eye protector through which the wearer sees an object NOTE The term is not used in the optical sense. 3.3 disposable protective film removable plastic film used to protect the lens prior to use 3.4 ocular a
20、reas two circles of minimum diameter 52 mm, spaced symmetrically about the vertical centre line of the eye protector, with a distance of 64 mm between the centres of the circles when measured in the horizontal front plane of the visor, as worn 4 Design and manufacture 4.1 General Visors shall be fre
21、e from projections, sharp edges or other defects which are likely either to cause discomfort or injury during use, or to increase the risk of injury in the event of an accident. 4.2 Materials No part of the visor which is in contact with the wearer shall be made of any materials that are known to ca
22、use irritation, allergic or toxic reactions amongst a significant proportion of users in a normal state of health. 4.3 Ventilation Where provided, ventilation features shall be outside the ocular areas (see 3.4), and shall not reduce peripheral awareness significantly. They shall not allow direct en
23、try of any airborne particles to the eye. 4.4 Helmet and visor compatibility 4.4.1 When designed to fit helmets conforming to BS 2495 2) or BS 5361 2) and in the closed position, a visor shall conform to the general shape of the helmet and shall project from it to the least practicable extent. Where
24、 a visor is integral with a helmet and can be removed only with the use of a tool, no part of the visors attachment to the helmet shall project outwards by more than 5 mm from the visor whilst in the closed position. 4.4.2 When fitted to a helmet conforming to BS 6658:1985 and in the closed position
25、, the combined helmet and visor shall conform to BS 6658:1985, 6.4.1. 4.4.3 If it is not possible to remove a visor from the line of sight in an emergency instantly, using one hand only, and without the need to undo fasteners, the labelling shall bear an appropriate warning. See 7.2j).2 BSI 02-1999
26、BS 4110:1999 5 Requirements 5.1 Field of vision 5.1.1 Visors designed to be fitted to helmets conforming to BS 2495 or BS 5361 When in the closed position, visors designed to fit helmets conforming to BS 2495 or BS 5361 shall not reduce the peripheral vision afforded by the helmet. Visors attached t
27、o, or integral with the helmet peaks shall conform to the peripheral vision requirements of BS 2495 or BS 5361 with the exception that the angle above the basic plane is reduced from 308 to 158. In all modes of operation, visor markings shall not be visible in the field of vision offered by the helm
28、et. 5.1.2 Visors designed to be fitted to helmets conforming to BS 6658 When in the closed position, visors designed to fit helmets conforming to BS 6658:1985 shall not reduce the peripheral vision afforded by the helmet. When in any designed open mode, functional features shall only be provided whe
29、re their total area does not exceed 250 mm 2 on either side of the vertical centre-line of the visor. These features shall not be situated in the defined ocular areas in any of the designed modes of operation of the visor. In all modes of operation, visor markings shall not be visible in the field o
30、f vision offered by the helmet. Ventilation features that are provided on the lens of the visor shall be formed from the visor material itself. They shall be an integral part of the visor, and shall not be painted or covered by any other means. They shall not be situated in the defined ocular areas
31、in any of the designed modes of operation of the visor. The total area of such features shall not exceed 500 mm 2 on either side of the vertical centre-line of the visor, and their design shall be such that the wearer is still protected in these regions from impacts and/or airborne particles. Liftin
32、g elements shall be formed from the visor material itself and shall be an integral part thereof. Where a lifting element which overlaps the vertical centre-line of the visor is provided, it shall not encroach more than 5 mm from the visor edge and shall have a peripheral length not exceeding 10 mm e
33、ach side of the vertical centre-line of the visor. Where a lifting element or lifting elements are provided at the side or sides of the visor, they shall not encroach more than 5 mm from the visor edge and shall have a peripheral length not exceeding 25 mm. Such lifting elements shall not be situate
34、d in the defined ocular areas in any of the designed modes of operation of the visor. Visors attached to, or integral with, a helmet peak shall conform to the field of vision requirements in BS 6658:1985, except that the region defined in BS 6658:1985, 5.5a) shall be taken as “a forward plane horizo
35、ntally projected, which intersects the headform along the L1L2 line”, i.e. 78 according to BS 6658:1985 5.5a) becomes 08. 5.2 Optical properties The optical properties shall be assessed on visors as offered for sale. When tested in accordance with 6.1 to 6.6, ocular areas shall conform to Tables 1 a
36、nd 2. Visors shall be classified by filter category in accordance with Table 2. There shall be an overlap of transmittance values of not more than 2% (absolute) between categories 0 and 1. 5.3 Impact strength 5.3.1 Impact resistance Visors shall be tested in accordance with 6.7. 5.3.2 Increased impa
37、ct resistance If visors are described as offering increased impact resistance they shall be tested in accordance with 6.8. 5.4 Resistance to fogging If lenses are described as resistant to fogging they shall remain free from fogging for a minimum of 8 s when tested in accordance with 6.9 and shall b
38、e considered resistant to fogging if the square of the transmittance has not fallen below 80 % of the initial value. 5.5 Resistance to abrasion Following UV conditioning in accordance with 6.6.1 samples representing the visor material shall be tested in accordance with 6.10. When tested in accordanc
39、e with this method, samples shall show a light scatter value of not greater than 10 % on either surface. NOTE See Figure 1 for the sequence of testing. 5.6 Resistance to corrosion When visors are tested in accordance with 6.11 all surfaces shall remain smooth and free from oxidization. BSI 02-1999 3
40、 BS 4110:1999 Table 1 Requirements for ocular areas used in visors for vehicle users Refractive powers (permissible tolerances of mounted lens) Spherical refractive power Astigmatic refractive power Difference in prismatic refractive power D1+D 2 2 ( D 12D 2) cm/m Horizontal Vertical m 21 m 21 Base
41、out Base in 0.12 0.12 1.00 0.25 0.25 Luminous transmittance t v See Table 2. Spectral transmittance t s $ 0.2t v between 500 nm to 650 nm. See Table 2. Recognition of signal lights Q red$ 0.8 Q yellow$ 0.8 Q green$ 0.8 Q blue$ 0.8 Variation in luminous transmittance See 6.4. Quality of materials and
42、 surfaces Except for a marginal area 5 mm wide, the ocular areas shall be free from any significant defects likely to impair vision in use, such as bubbles, scratches, inclusions, dull spots, pitting, mould marks, scouring, grains, pocking, sealing and undulation. See 6.5. Resistance to ultraviolet
43、radiation Following exposure of the visor to the ultraviolet radiation in accordance with 6.6.1, the diffusion of light, when measured in accordance with 6.6.2 shall not exceed 1 cd/m 2 /lx. Table 2 Transmittance requirements for ocular areas used in visors for vehicle users Filter category of visor
44、 Ultraviolet spectral range Visible spectral range Maximum value of spectral transmittance t s (l) Maximum value of solar UVA transmittance t s,UVA Range of luminous transmittance t v % 280 nm to 315 nm Over 315 nm to 350 nm Over 315 nm to 380 nm 0 0.1t v Equal to t v Equal to t v 80.0 to 100.0 1 0.
45、1t v Equal to t v Equal to t v 50.0 to 80.04 BSI 02-1999 BS 4110:1999 6 Testing 6.1 Sequence of testing UV conditioning, diffusion and impact tests for visors shall be carried out according to the sequence shown in Figure 1. UV conditioning, diffusion and abrasion tests for test pieces representing
46、visor material shall be carried out according to the sequence shown in Figure 1. 6.2 Refractive powers The refractive powers of the visor shall be measured in accordance with BS EN 167:1995, 3.2. 6.3 Luminous transmittance, spectral transmittance and recognition of signal lights In a parallel beam,
47、with the test specimens being irradiated vertically at the visual centre (if known), otherwise the geometric centre, within a circle of 10 mm radius, the luminous transmittance shall be determined in accordance with A.1. The spectral transmittance values shall be determined in accordance with Table
48、B.1 The visual attenuation quotient shall be determined in accordance with A.2. 6.4 Variation in luminous transmittance The variation in luminous transmittance shall be measured in accordance with BS EN 167:1995, 7.2. 6.5 Quality of material and surface The assessment shall be carried out in accorda
49、nce with the method specified in BS EN 167:1995, clause 5. 6.6 Resistance to ultraviolet radiation 6.6.1 UV conditioning Visors and test pieces shall be subjected to UV conditioning in accordance with BS EN 168:1995, clause 6 with the following differences. a) New lamps shall be burned in for at least 150 h. b) An irradiation time of 25 h 0.1 h shall be used. c) An ozone free lamp shall be used. d) The lamp current shall be stabilized at 25 A 0.2 A. NOTE Suitable lamp references are XBO.450 OFR and CSX.450 OFR. 6.6.2 Diffusion of li
