1、BRITISH STANDARD CONFIRMED MARCH1990 BS 4323:1979 ISO 3005:1978 Method for Determination of dimensional change of fabrics induced by free steam ISO title: Textiles Determination of dimensional change of fabrics induced by free-steam UDC 677.017.623:677.017.635BS 4323:1979 This British Standard, havi
2、ng been prepared under the directionof the Fibres, Yarns andFabrics Standards Committee, was published underthe authority of the Executive Board and comes intoeffect on 28 February1979 BSI 07-1999 First published June1968 First revision February1979 The following BSI references relate to the work on
3、 this standard: Committee reference FBT/16 Draft for approval77/35201 ISBN 0 580 10656 X Cooperating organizations The Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics Standards Committee, under whose direction this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and sc
4、ientific and industrial organizations: Association of Jute Spinners and Manufacturers British Man-made Fibres Federation* British Nonwovens Manufacturers Association British Railways Board British Textile Employers Association* Central Council of the Irish Linen Industry Consumer Standards Advisory
5、Committee of BSI Department of Industry (Chemicals and Textiles) International Wool Secretariat* Knitting Industries Federation Ltd. Manchester Chamber of Commerce and Industry* Ministry of Defence* Narrow Fabrics Federation Retail Trading-Standards Association Inc. Textile Institute* Warp Knitters
6、Association Ltd. The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committees entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: Consumers Association Home Laundering Consultative Council Lambeg Industrial Research Associ
7、ation Quality Control Services Soap and Detergent Industry Association Textile Research Council University of Bradford Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS 4323:1979 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii 1 Scope
8、 and field of application 1 2 References 1 3 Principle 1 4 Apparatus 1 5 Conditioning atmosphere 1 6 Test specimens 1 7 Test procedures 1 8 Calculation and expression of results 2 9 Test report 2 Annex A Supporting frame for specimens 3 Annex B Steaming cylinder 3 Figure 1 Diagrammatic representatio
9、n of wire supporting frame 4 Figure 2 Steaming cylinder 4 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS 4323:1979 ii BSI 07-1999 National foreword This revision of BS4323 has been prepared under the direction of the Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics Standards Committee, and is identical with ISO3005:1978“Tex
10、tiles Determination of dimensional change of fabrics induced by free-steam”. The1968 edition of BS4323 is now withdrawn. Terminology and conventions. The text of the international standard has been approved as suitable for publication, without deviation, as a BritishStandard. Some terminology and ce
11、rtain conventions are not identical with that used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. The comma has been used throughout as a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker. Where the words “Int
12、ernational Standard” appear, referring to this standard, they should be interpreted as “British Standard”. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British St
13、andard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references International standard Corresponding British Standard ISO139:1973 BS1051:1972 Glossary of terms relating to the conditioning and testing of textiles (Related) ISO3759:1976 BS4931:1973 Procedure for the preparation, ma
14、rking and measuring of fabric specimens and garments in tests for assessing dimensional change (Technically equivalent) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see
15、copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS4323:1979 BSI 07-1999 1 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard specifies a method for determination of the dimensional change of fabrics when subj
16、ected to the action of free-steam. It does not deal with the consolidation and felting shrinkage of fabrics in wet treatments, or the mechanical effects of pressing. 2 References ISO139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. ISO3759, Textiles Preparation, marking and measuring
17、of fabric specimens and garments in tests for determination of dimensional change. 3 Principle Measured and conditioned strips of fabric are placed on a fine wire frame. Because their heat capacity is very low, the wires cause negligible condensation on the cloth when the assembly is placed in steam
18、. The assembly is inserted three times in a horizontal cylinder through which steam flows steadily at a prescribed rate from the back of the cylinder to the door at the front of the cylinder. No vacuum is used. After removal from the cylinder, the strips are allowed to cool on the frame before being
19、 conditioned, and remeasured. Initial and final lengths are measured at the same regain, both are recorded; the percentage dimensional change is calculated based on the initial length. The method requires the use of the conditioning atmosphere specified in clause5, in order to minimize the differenc
20、es between the initial and final regains. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Marking and measuring equipment as described in ISO3759. 4.2 Wire supporting frame as specified in Annex A. 4.3 Jacketed steaming cylinder constructed and fitted as described in Annex B. 4.4 Means of delivering steam to the cylinder at the ra
21、te of70g/min. 4.5 Means for producing the standard atmosphere for testing textiles. 5 Conditioning atmosphere The standard atmosphere for testing textiles as specified in ISO139 shall be used for pre-conditioning and conditioning. 6 Test specimens 6.1 Cutting Cut the specimens300mm long and50mm wide
22、, with the longer sides in either the length or width direction of the fabric. Avoid selvedges and piece ends. 6.2 Preparation Pre-condition each test specimen, placed on a flat screen, for not less than4h in the pre-conditioning atmosphere specified in clause5. Then expose each test specimen to the
23、 standard atmosphere for testing textiles for4h or until equilibrium is obtained, remove the specimen and mark it for measurement on a smooth flat surface using a pair of suitable small indicators (see ISO3759), 250mm apart, symmetrically placed on the central axis of the specimen. Measure and recor
24、d the distance between each pair of indicators. 6.3 Number Unless otherwise agreed by the interested parties, test four specimens with their length parallel to the warp (or wale) direction and four specimens with their length parallel to the weft (or course) direction. 7 Test procedures 7.1 Ensure t
25、hat the steam flow is within20% of the specified value of 70g/min, and thoroughly warm the cylinder by allowing steam to flow for at least1min, or longer if the cylinder was previously cool (seeAnnex B). 7.2 Lay four conditioned specimens flat on the wire supporting frame, one specimen per layer. 7.
26、3 Allow the steam to flow through the cylinder throughout the test; insert the frame while the steam is flowing and immediately close the door. Leave the specimens within the cylinder for30s; remove the frame from the cylinder for a period of30s. Perform this cycle three times in all, allowing no ad
27、ditional time between operations other than the prescribed30s. 7.4 At the end of the third cycle, allow the specimens to cool, turn the frame so that the specimens fall onto a flat screen, pre-condition and condition them as described in6.2 on the screen and remeasure them on a smooth flat surface.B
28、S4323:1979 2 BSI 07-1999 8 Calculation and expression of results Record the dimensional change (i.e.change in length) of each specimen, using a negative sign to indicate a decrease in length, record also the direction on the fabric i.e.warp (or wale) or weft (orcourse) in which the change in length
29、has been measured. Record results as a percentage of the original length. Calculate the mean value and the range of the dimensional change for each set of replicates. 9 Test report The test report shall include the following particulars: a) a statement that the procedure was conducted in accordance
30、with this International Standard; b) the nature and origin of the sample; c) the following information for both the warp (orwale) and weft (or course) directions; 1) the positions of the specimens in the fabric in relation to the ends of the piece; 2) the dimensional change of each specimen as a per
31、centage of the original length; 3) the mean dimensional change of the replicates as a percentage of the original length; 4) the range of the individual dimensional change values.BS4323:1979 BSI 07-1999 3 Annex A Supporting frame for specimens (See Figure 1 and Figure 2) The supporting frame for spec
32、imens is constructed from hard-drawn stainless steel tubing, W, of diameter1,8mm, stainless steel angle, F, side3,8mm and thickness0,6mm, and hard-drawn stainless steel wire of diameter0,15mm. The overall dimensions are300mm long, 50mm broad and 75mm high, and the four shelves or layers are equally
33、spaced. All joints are silver-soldered, and there are five equally spaced wire strands on each of the four layers. The individual layers are constructed and wired before the complete frame is assembled. Annex B Steaming cylinder (See Figure 2) B.1 Steam may be supplied from a steam generator special
34、ly built for this purpose or it may be obtained from an industrial line. When the latter is used, a wheel valve V and strainer S are fitted into the input steam line immediately before the orifice plate. The overall length of the steaming apparatus is380mm. Outer and inner sections are made from sta
35、ndard steam pipe, respectively125mm outside diameter, 4,9mm wall, and100mm inside diameter, 3,7mm wall. An aluminium liner,0,25mm thick, fits tightly inside the steaming chamber, and holds the copper gauze G of80 mesh, wire diameter of0,132mm (39SWG), through which the steam enters. Pipe D of12mm di
36、ameter is concentric with pipe E of25mm diameter. The end of the pipe D is raised slightly above the level of the cylinder wall, and passes through a circular hole in the liner. The whole unit shall be thermally insulated. B.2 In order to maintain the steaming temperature at100C, the internal pressu
37、re must remain equal to that of the atmosphere outside the apparatus. The door of the steaming chamber is secured by a magnetic catch, and opens if the excess pressure inside exceeds about1500Pa 1) . B.3 The steaming unit shall be mounted so that the front end is slightly lower than the back; this w
38、ill facilitate the drainage of condensate from the outer jacket. Angles and trap in the input steam line shall be arranged so that the quantity of condensate impelled in the direction of the input orifice is minimized. The cylinder can be supported quite adequately by the lower pipe E by mounting th
39、is directly on a rigid drain in such a way that there is no possibility of pressure build-up in the drain. The steam-chamber door shall be left open after use so that the interior can dry. B.4 The rate of steam flow (70g/min) is controlled by orifice O which shall be of1,90mm diameter for a steam su
40、pply line at4 atm gauge pressure. To check the flow rate, use the exhaust steam to raise the temperature of water or iron. For example, the temperature of the cylinder itself shall be raised from room temperature to100C in approximately2min30s. Condensation, which supplies the heat and subsequently
41、maintains the temperature at100C, occurs almost exclusively in the outer jacket; drops of liquid water are thrown out against the black plate, so that in effect dry saturated steam enters the inner chamber through the gauze G. Negligible condensation occurs on the liner. The steam escapes through pi
42、pe D and pipe E drains liquid from the outer jacket. NOTEApparatus as described in Annex A and Annex B is manufactured by Wira, Headingley Lane, Leeds, England, LS61BW. 1) 1Pa = 1N/m 2BS4323:1979 4 BSI 07-1999 Figure 1 Diagrammatic representation of wire supporting frame Figure 2 Steaming cylinderBS
43、4323:1979 BSI 07-1999 Publications referred to See national forewordBS 4323:1979 ISO 3005:1978 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and a
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