1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsWB9423_BSI_StandardColCov_noK_AW:BSI FRONT COVERS 5/9/08 12:55 Page 1Limits and fits Guidance for system of cone (taper) fits and tolerances for cones from C = 1:3 to 1:500, lengths
2、from 6 mm to 630 mm and diameters up to 500 mmBS 4500:2009BS 4500:2009 BRITISH STANDARDPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 65211 0ICS 17.040.10The following BSI references relate t
3、o the work on this standard: Committee reference TDW/4 Draft for comment 09/30192596 DCPublication historyBS 4500-4 first published November 1985BS 4500-5 first published November 1988First published as BS 4500 September 2009Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affected BRITISH STANDARD BSI
4、2009 iBS 4500:2009ContentsForeword iiiSection 1: General 11 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions 1Section 2: System of cone fits 154 Formation of cone fits 155 Calculation of axial displacements for the hole basis system of cone fits 18Section 3: System of cone tolerances 276 Basis
5、 of the system 277 Cone diameter tolerance (TD) 288 Cone angle tolerance (AT ) 289 Cone form tolerances (TF)2910 Cone section diameter tolerance (TDS)2911 Table of cone angle tolerances structure of the table 29AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Effect on the cone fit of departures of the internal and ext
6、ernal cones from the basic cone 33Annex B (informative) Maximum cone angle deviations resulting from the cone diameter tolerances (TD) for 100 mm cone length 39Bibliography 41List of figuresFigure 1 Actual cone 7Figure 2 Basic cone 8Figure 3 Cone 8Figure 4 Conical workpiece external cone 8Figure 5 C
7、onical workpiece internal cone 9Figure 6 General definitions 9Figure 7 Limit cones, cone diameter, tolerance zone and straightness of the generator tolerance zone 10Figure 8 Angles on cones 10Figure 9 Limit cone angles 11Figure 10 Maximum and minimum interference of a cone interference fit made by a
8、 defined axial displacement of the cones with respect to each other from the actual starting position Pa(pressing in and on respectively by displacement Eaminand Eamaxrespectively) 11Figure 11 Limit starting positions 12Figure 12 Admissible limit cone angles resulting from the cone diameter toleranc
9、e 12Figure 13 Cone diameter tolerance zone and roundness tolerance zone 13Figure 14 Cone section diameter tolerance (TDS) and cone angle tolerance (AT )13Figure 15 Actual cone angles 14Figure 16 Position of the cone angle within the cone diameter tolerance zone 14Figure 17 Cone clearance fit made by
10、 constructional formation (final position Pffixed by contact at a collar) 16Figure 18 Cone interference fit made by pressing in to a defined dimension (final position Pffixed by distance a) 16BS 4500:2009ii BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARDSummary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside fron
11、t cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 42, an inside back cover and a back cover.Figure 19 Cone interference fit made by a defined axial displacement of the cones with respect to each other from the actual starting position Pa(pressing in and on respectively by a defined displacement Ea) 17Figure 20 Con
12、e interference fit made by a defined force of assembly from the actual starting position Pa(pressing in and on respectively by a defined force of assembly Fs) 18Figure 21 Axial displacements EN of the single conical workpiece with regard to the basic cone (basic displacement) 19Figure 22 Admissible
13、cone form deviation resulting from the cone diameter tolerance 28Figure 23 Variation of ATDwithin a range of cone length with the limits of the length range L1and L2 30Figure A.1 Contact lengths (Lt) of the fit surfaces (the external cone is assumed to be perfectly rigid) 35Figure A.2 Position of th
14、e cone angle tolerance (AT ) on one side with regard to basic cone angle (a) with the same sign for ATeand ATi 36Figure A.3 Position of the cone angle tolerance (AT ) on both sides with regard to the basic cone angle (a) 37Figure A.4 Position of the cone angle tolerance (AT ) on one side with regard
15、 to the basic cone angle (a) with opposite sign for ATeand ATi 38List of tablesTable 1 Axial displacement ENTof the internal cone and the external cone respectively, with regard to the basic cone resulting from the standard tolerances IT01 to IT16 according to BS EN 20286 for the basic cone diameter
16、 for rate of taper C = 1:10 23Table 2 Axial displacement ENeminof the external cone with regard to the basic cone resulting from the fundamental deviations a to zc according to BS EN 20286 for the basic cone diameter of the external cone for rate of taper C = 1:10 24Table 3 Conversion factors to be
17、applied to the values given in Table 1 and Table 2 for the axial displacement of all rates of taper other than C = 1:10 26Table 4 Cone angle tolerance grades 31Table B.1 Maximum cone angle deviation 39BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 iiiBS 4500:2009ForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is pub
18、lished by BSI and came into effect on 30 September 2009. It was prepared by Technical Committee TDW/4, Technical product realization. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.SupersessionThis British Standard supersedes BS 4500-4:1985 and BS 4
19、500-5:1988, which are withdrawn.Relationship with other publicationsThis British Standard is derived from the ISO 286 (BS EN 20286) series, which establishes the ISO code-system for tolerances of linear sizes and is published in the following parts: ISO 286-1 (BS EN 20286-1), ISO system of limits an
20、d fits Part 1: Bases of tolerances, deviations and fits; ISO 286-2 (BS EN 20286-2), ISO system of limits and fits Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts.The ISO 286 series covers the metric system of limits and fits and replaced the original national li
21、mits and fits standard BS 4500-1:1969. The BS 1916 series provides guidance and recommendations on the equivalent inch system (imperial) of limits and fits and is published in the following parts: BS 1916-1, Limits and fits for engineering Part 1: Guide to limits and tolerances; BS 1916-2, Limits an
22、d fits for engineering Part 2: Guide to the selection of fits in BS 19161; BS 1916-3, Limits and fits for engineering Part 3: Guide to tolerances, limits and fits for large diameters.This British Standard complements BS EN ISO 1119, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) Series of conical tapers a
23、nd taper angles.Information about this documentIn view of the time elapsed since the publication of BS 4500-4 in 1985 and BS 4500-5 in 1988, these British Standards were reviewed in detail in 2009 and amalgamated into one Standard. It was decided that the technical provisions of the previous edition
24、s were still generally applicable but the figures have been redrawn for ease of use, the wording of some guidance updated for clarity, and the opportunity was taken to update references to other standards.Use of this documentAs a guide, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommenda
25、tions. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification or a code of practice and claims of compliance cannot be made to it.BS 4500:2009iv BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARDContractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users a
26、re responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 1BS 4500:2009Section 1: General1 ScopeThis British Standard gives guidance on a system of cone fits and tolerances for cones from C = 1:3 to 1:500 and
27、 lengths from 6 mm to 630 mm.The appropriate tolerances of this British Standard can also be used for prismatic workpieces, for example wedges.This British Standard applies to cones which are dimensioned and toleranced according to BS ISO 3040, Method 1, Basic Taper method. This means that the toler
28、ances limit the variation of penetration of mating surfaces, each surface being within two limiting profiles of the same taper corresponding to the maximum material condition (MMC) and the least material condition (LMC).This British Standard is derived from BS EN 20286, and is a complement to BS EN
29、ISO 1119.NOTE For dimensioning and tolerancing cones on drawings, see BS ISO 3040.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the r
30、eferenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS EN 20286-1, ISO system of limits and fits Part 1: Bases of tolerances, deviations and fits3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this British Standard, the terms and definitions used for cylindrical fits given in BS EN 20286-1 and the foll
31、owing apply.3.1 cones3.1.1 actual conecone, the conical surface of which has been found by measurementNOTE See Figure 1.3.1.2 basic conegeometrically ideal conical surface which is given by its geometrical dimensionsNOTE These dimensions are either: a basic cone diameter, the basic cone length and t
32、he basic rate of taper or the basic cone angle; or two basic cone diameters and the basic cone length. See Figure 2.3.1.3 coneconical surface or conical workpiece, defined by its geometrical dimensionsNOTE See Figure 3. In the absence of any indication concerning the geometrical form, “cone” is unde
33、rstood to mean a straight circular cone or truncated cone.BS 4500:20092 BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARD3.1.4 conical surfacesurface of revolution formed by rotating a straight line (generator) around an axis with the straight line intersecting this axis at the apexNOTE See Figure 3. The parts of this infin
34、ite conical surface are also known as conical surfaces or cones. Similarly, “cone” is also the abbreviated designation of a truncated cone.3.1.5 conical workpieceworkpiece or portion of a workpiece the main part of which is a conical surfaceNOTE See Figure 4 and Figure 5.3.1.6 external conecone whic
35、h limits the outside form of a conical feature of a workpieceNOTE See Figure 4 and Figure 6.3.1.7 generatorline of intersection of the conical surface with a section in the axial planeNOTE See Figure 3 and Figure 6.3.1.8 internal conecone which limits the inside form of a conical feature of a workpi
36、eceNOTE See Figure 5 and Figure 6.3.1.9 limit conesgeometrically ideal coaxial surfaces, having the same basic cone angle, which result from the basic cone and the cone diameter tolerancesNOTE 1 The difference between the largest and the smallest cone diameters is the same in all sections normal to
37、the cone axis. See Figure 7.NOTE 2 The surfaces of the limit cones can be made to coincide by axial displacement.3.2 sizes on cones3.2.1 actual cone diameter (da)distance between two parallel tangents to the intersection line of the surface of the actual cone with a defined plane normal to the cone
38、axisNOTE See Figure 1.3.2.2 basic cone angle (a)angle formed by the two generators of the basic cone in a section in the axial planeNOTE See Figure 8.3.2.3 basic cone diametersa) largest cone diameter D; orb) smallest cone diameter d; orc) cone diameter dxat a place determined by its position in the
39、 axial directionNOTE See Figure 2.3.2.4 basic cone length (L)distance in the axial direction between two limiting ends of a coneNOTE See Figure 2 and Figure 6.BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 3BS 4500:20093.2.5 cone diameterdistance between two parallel lines tangent to the intersection of the circular con
40、ical surface with a plane normal to the cone axis3.2.6 cone generating angle (a/2)angle contained between a generator and the cone axisNOTE See Figure 8. The generating angle is equal to half the basic cone angle a.3.2.7 limit cone angleslargest and smallest cone angles resulting from the basic cone
41、 angle a and the d position and magnitude of the cone angle toleranceNOTE See Figure 9.3.2.8 limit cone diametersdiameters of the limit cones in each section in a plane normal to the axisNOTE See Figure 7.3.2.9 rate of taper (C)ratio of the difference between the cone diameters D and d to the cone l
42、ength LNOTE CD dL= 22tanThe rate of taper is often indicated by the expressions 1:x or 1/x and “Cone 1:x” for short. For example, C = 1:20 means that a diameter difference D d of 1 mm occurs an axial distance L of 20 mm between the cone diameters D and d.3.3 cone fit3.3.1 character of a cone fitclea
43、rances or interferences measured normal to the cone axisNOTE The clearances and interferences are effective normal to the conical surfaces, but are indicated and measured normal to the cone axis. The differences between the values shown normal to the cone surface and normal to the cone axis are negl
44、igible for cones with rates of taper up to 1:3 and can be ignored for practical purposes.3.3.2 cone fitrelationship resulting from the difference in assembly between the cone diameters of conical workpieces (internal cone and external cone) having circular sections and the same basic cone angle a or
45、 the same rate of taper CNOTE The definition for a cone fit with a circular section is also applicable for taper workpieces with other sections, for example, prismatic parts, wedges, etc.3.4 axial displacement for single conical workpieces3.4.1 axial displacement (EN)calculated axial distance of the
46、 cone with regard to the basic coneNOTE See Figure 21a). This has importance only for the calculation of the axial displacement for cone assemblies (see 3.5.1).3.4.2 maximum axial displacement (ENmax)displacement relative to the basic cone which is calculated from the fundamental deviation and the t
47、olerance for the basic cone diameterBS 4500:20094 BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARD3.4.3 minimum axial displacement (ENmin)displacement relative to the basic cone which is calculated from the fundamental deviation for the basic cone diameter3.5 constructional and dimensional location cone fits3.5.1 axial dis
48、placement for cone assemblies (EP)axial displacement of the conical workpieces to be assembled with respect to each otherNOTE This is the algebraic sum of the calculated displacements ENiof the internal cone and ENeof the external cone (referred to the basic cone).3.5.2 maximum axial displacement fo
49、r cone assemblies (EPmax)displacement which is calculated from the sum ENimaxof the internal cone and ENemaxof the external coneNOTE EPmax= ENimax+ ENemaxFor the basic hole system, ENimax= 1CITnull .3.5.3 minimum axial displacement for cone assemblies (EPmin)displacement which is calculated from the sum of ENiminof the internal cone and ENeminof the external coneNOTE EPmin= ENimin+ ENeminFor the basic hole system, ENimin= 0.3.5.4 variation of cone diameter fit (TDP
