1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 489:1999 ICS 75.100 NO
2、 COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Specification for Turbine lubricantsThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into ef
3、fect on 15 December 1999 BSI 12-1999 First published May 1933 Second edition April 1955 Third edition March 1968 Fourth edition December 1974 Fifth edition December 1983 Sixth edition December 1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PTI/7 Draft for
4、comment 98/122593 DC ISBN 0 580 33083 4 BS 489:1999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee PTI/7, Lubricants and process fluids, upon which the following
5、 bodies were represented: Agricultural Engineers Association Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturers Association British Fluid Power Association British Gear Association British Lubricants Federation Limited Institute of Petroleum London Transport Ministry of Defence United Kingdom Petroleum Industry
6、Association Ltd.BS 489:1999 BSI 12-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Sampling 1 4 Composition 1 5 Appearance 1 6 Physical and chemical characteristics 1 7 Precision and interpretation of results 1 8 Designation 1 9 Packagi
7、ng and marking 2 Table 1 Physical and chemical characteristics 3 Annex A (normative) Method of test for rust-preventing characteristics: modifications to the BS 2000-135 procedure 4 Bibliography 5ii BSI 12-1999 BS 489:1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee PTI/7
8、, Lubricants and process fluids. This revision supersedes BS 489:1983 which is withdrawn. A list of organizations represented on this Technical Committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This standard was first published in 1933 under the title “Turbine oils” and specified straight hydro
9、carbon oils of petroleum origin, without additives, for use in turbines. The first revision was published in 1955 under the title “Steam turbine oils”, and recognized the need, for this application, for oils containing additives designed to inhibit corrosion of the plant and to retard oxidation of t
10、he lubricants. Besides specifying such treated oils by description it introduced new tests to suit these additive-containing oils. It was revised in 1968, 1974 and 1983. The committee considered implementing ISO 8068:1987 as a revision of this standard and decided that it did not adequately meet the
11、 needs of British industry. The principal changes between this edition and the 1983 edition include: a) the methods of test have been updated; b) the minimum viscosity index has been increased to 90; c) the method for the determination of flash point has been changed to the Cleveland open cup method
12、 and the minimum changed to 1858C; d) the copper corrosion classification has been changed to “1”; e) the determination of “Total acid” has been replaced by the determination of “Acid number”; f) the maximum foaming characteristics have been reduced; g) the air release value for the 68 viscosity gra
13、de has been reduced to 7; h) the maximum “Total oxidation products” and “Sludge” have been reduced. CAUTION In relation to potential health hazards and to precautions recommended for persons regularly in contact with mineral oils over long periods, attention is drawn to the following advisory notice
14、s which are available from the Health and Safety Executive: a) Preventing dermatitis at work Advice for employers and employees 1; b) Skin cancer caused by oil 2. A British Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for the
15、ir correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 5 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indi
16、cates when the document was last issued. BSI 12-1999 1 BS 489:1999 1 Scope This British Standard specifies lubricants for steam turbines in four grades of differing viscosity ranges, but does not cover lubricants of the extreme pressure (EP) type, or applications involving process gases which react
17、with the base oil or additives. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in the text, constitute provisions of this British Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. F
18、or undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. BS 2000-15, Methods of test for petroleum and its products Petroleum products Determination of pour point. BS 2000-19, Methods of test for petroleum and its products Determination of demulsibility characteristics of lu
19、bricating oil. BS 2000-135:1993, Methods of test for petroleum and its products Determination of rust-preventing characteristics of steam turbine oils in the presence of water. BS 2000-146, Methods of test for petroleum and its products Determination of foaming characteristics of lubricating oils. B
20、S 2000-177, Methods of test for petroleum and its products Determination of acid number Potentiometric titration method. BS 2000-226, Methods of test for petroleum and its products Petroleum products Calculation of viscosity index from kinematic viscosity. BS 2000-280, Methods of test for petroleum
21、and its products Petroleum products and lubricants Inhibited mineral turbine oils Determination of oxidation stability. BS 2000-313, Methods of test for petroleum and its products Determination of air release value of hydraulic, turbine and lubricating oils. BS 4231, Classification for viscosity gra
22、des of industrial liquid lubricants. BS EN ISO 2160, Petroleum products Corrosiveness to copper Copper strip test. BS EN ISO 3104, Petroleum products Transparent and opaque liquids Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity. BS 2000-71-1 BS EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liqui
23、ds Manual sampling. BS EN ISO 4259, Petroleum products Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test. BS 2000-367 BS EN 22592, Petroleum product Determination of flash and fire points Cleveland open cup method. BS 2000-403 3 Sampling For the purposes of this British
24、Standard all sampling shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant procedures and precautions described in BS EN ISO 3170. 4 Composition The lubricants shall be a mineral hydrocarbon oil with additives to comply with the requirements of this standard. NOTE The additives should be uniformly d
25、ispersed at all temperatures above specified pour point up to 1208C. The effect of rust-preventing additives shall not be impaired by water washing when the sample is tested according to the modified method described in annex A. 5 Appearance On visual inspection the lubricant shall be clear and free
26、 from water, suspended matter, dirt and sediment. 6 Physical and chemical characteristics When tested in accordance with the methods given in Table 1, the lubricant shall comply with the limiting requirements given in that table for the appropriate viscosity grade. 7 Precision and interpretation of
27、results Most of the methods given in Table 1 contain a statement of the precision, i.e. repeatability and reproducibility, to be expected from them but, in case of dispute, the procedure described in BS EN ISO 4259, which uses precision data in the interpretation of test results, shall be used. 8 De
28、signation Lubricants shall be designated according to their particular viscosity in accordance with the classification given in BS 4231, i.e. a number corresponding to the mid-point of kinematic viscosity at 408C (e.g. VG 32).2 BSI 12-1999 BS 489:1999 1) Marking BS 489:1999 on or in relation to a pr
29、oduct represents a manufacturers declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of the claim is solely the claimants responsiblity. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third-party certificati
30、on of conformity. 9 Packaging and marking The lubricant shall be supplied either in bulk, or in clean sound and dry containers. If the lubricant is supplied in containers, each container shall be legibly and durably marked with the following: a) the number and year of this British Standard, i.e. BS
31、489:1999 1) ; b) the type and grade designation, e.g. TO/ISO VG 32; c) the name or mark of the supplier or vendor of the lubricant and the batch or consignment number. BSI 12-1999 3 BS 489:1999 Table 1 Physical and chemical characteristics Type prefix TO TO TO TO Test method Viscosity grade no. (ISO
32、 VG) (BS 4231) 32 46 68 100 Viscosity, kinematic at 408C, mm 2 /s min. 28.8 41.4 61.2 90 BS EN ISO 3104 max. 35.2 50.6 74.8 110 Viscosity index min. 90 90 90 90 BS 2000-226 Flash point BS EN 22592 Cleveland open cup method min. 1858C 1858C 1858C 1858C Pour point max. 268C 268C 268C 268C BS 2000-15 D
33、emulsification BS 2000-19 Number s max. 300 300 360 360 Copper corrosion 1111B S E N I S O 2160 Acid number, mg KOH/g max. 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 BS 2000-177 Rust-preventing characteristics Pass Pass Pass Pass BS 2000-135, procedure B as amended by annex A Foam characteristics: BS 2000-146 Foaming tend
34、ency: Foam, ml As received Sequence I max. 400 400 400 400 Sequence II max. 50 50 100 100 Sequence III max. 400 400 400 400 Foam stability after 10 min: Foam, ml As received Sequence I max. Nil Nil 20 30 Sequence II max. Nil Nil 10 10 Sequence III max. Nil Nil 20 30 Air release value, BS 2000-313 Mi
35、nutes to 0.2 % air content at 508C max. 5671 0 Oxidation characteristics: BS 2000-280 Total oxidation products (TOP) % (m/m), max. 0.70 0.80 0.80 0.80 Sludge % (m/m), max. 0.30 0.35 0.35 0.35BS 489:1999 4 BSI 12-1999 Annex A (normative) Method of test for rust-preventing characteristics: modificatio
36、ns to the BS 2000-135 procedure A.1 Principle The following modifications to the procedure described in BS 2000-135 are considered necessary for the purpose of this standard, but have not at present been accepted for the joint method IP 135:ASTM D665 with which BS 2000-135 is identical. The effect o
37、f these modifications is that the steel test specimen is immersed for 30 min to 60 min in a portion of the lubricants sample “as received” and is then transferred to another portion that has been washed with distilled water at a temperature of 908C 18C. The test procedure described in BS 2000-135, u
38、sing synthetic sea water (except as provided for in the note to Table 1), is then continued. The purpose of the water-washing stage is to remove water-extractable additives, as is likely to happen in practice when using turbine oils in a “wet” system. A.2 Apparatus The apparatus used shall be in acc
39、ordance with BS 2000-135:1993, section 3. A.3 Test specimen and its preparation The test specimen shall be prepared in accordance with BS 2000-135:1993, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4, where the last paragraph of 5.4 and NOTE 9 are replaced by the following. “Remove the specimen from the chuck without touching it
40、 with the fingers, wipe lightly with a clean, dry lintless cloth or tissue (or brush the specimen lightly with a camel hair brush), attach it to the holder and immediately immerse it in a portion of the original sample to be tested; remove it 30 min to 60 min later and allow it to drain briefly befo
41、re placing it in the hot water-washed sample as described in 6.1.” A.4 Procedure A.4.1 Distilled water Follow the procedure given in BS 2000-135:1993, 6.1 but in 6.1.1 replace the fourth sentence by the following two paragraphs. “Stir 310 ml of the lubricants to be tested with 50 ml of distilled wat
42、er for 30 min at a temperature of 908C 18C, using the beaker, stirrer and stirrer speed specified in clause 3. Transfer the mixture of lubricants and water to a separating funnel and leave to separate. Draw off the water layer. Pour 300 ml of the water-washed lubricants into a clean beaker and place
43、 the beaker in the lubricants bath held at a temperature that will maintain a temperature of 608C 18C in the lubricants sample.” A.4.2 Synthetic sea water Follow the procedure given in BS 2000-135:1993, 6.2 and 6.3 but read the reference to 6.1.1 as including the modification set out in A.4.1. A.5 T
44、est report The test report shall be produced in accordance with BS 2000-135:1993, clause 9 but with 9b) replaced by the following text. “The report of results should indicate that the test has been carried out in accordance with BS 2000-135 as modified by BS 489:1999, annex A.” BSI 12-1999 5 BS 489:
45、1999 Bibliography Standards publications ISO 8068:1987, Petroleum products and lubricants Petroleum lubricating oils for turbines (categories ISO-L-TSA and ISO-L-TGA) Specifications. Other non-standards publications 1 HSE BOOKS. Preventing dermatitis at work Advice for employers and employees, INDG
46、233, 1996. 2 HSE BOOKS. Skin cancer caused by oil, INDG 300, 1999.BS 489:1999 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
47、 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Char
48、ter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccur
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