1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5131-5.4: 1978 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Methods of test for Footwear and footwear materials Part 5: Testing of complete footwear Section 5.4 Sole bond peeling strength NOTEIt is recommended that this Section should be read in conjunction with the information intheGeneral int
2、roduction to BS 5131, published separately. UDC 685.31:620.1:685.312.12:668.3.018BS5131-5.4:1978 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Clothing Standards Committee, was published under the authority ofthe Executive Board on 31May1978 BSI 09-1999 The following BSI refe
3、rences relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CLT/7 Draft for comment 75/52259DC ISBN 0 580 10225 4 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 2958 July 1979 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS5131-5.4:1978 BSI 09-1999 i Contents Page 1 Scope 1 2 Princi
4、ple 1 3 Definition 1 4 Apparatus 1 5 Conditioning and testing atmosphere 1 6 Preparation of test piece 1 7 Procedure 1 8 Calculation and expression of results 2 9 Test report 3 Figure 5.4/1 Side view of cut out test piece 2 Figure 5.4/2 Test piece being peeled apart 2 Figure 5.4/3 Typical forms of t
5、he force-extension record 3BS5131-5.4:1978 ii BSI 09-1999 A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from le
6、gal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1to3 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front
7、cover.BS5131-5.4:1978 BSI 09-1999 1 1 Scope This Section describes a method for determining the strength of the bond between sole and upper at various points of the sole of finished footwear. The method is applicable to moulded-on and stuck-on soles where the sole is attached directly to the lasted
8、margin of the upper and projects sufficiently beyond the feather line to provide a grip. 2 Principle Test pieces, consisting of a strip of sole and an attached strip of upper with the insole still present, are cut from the footwear, and the forces required to peel the upper from the sole are measure
9、d. 3 Definition For the purposes of this Section of BS 5131 the following definition applies. feather line the line of a shoe where the upper meets the bottom, the part of the bottom involved being the welt, rand, or sole, depending on the method of shoe construction 4 Apparatus The following appara
10、tus is required. 4.1 Tensile-testing machine, continuous recording, with a jaw separation rate of100 20mm/min and a force range of: a) 0 N to 600 N for moulded-on soles; b) 0 N to 300 N for stuck-on soles. The tensile-testing machine jaws shall be fitted with clamps, 25 mm to 30 mm wide, capable of
11、firmly gripping the sole section and the upper section, respectively, of the test piece. Pincer-type clamps have been found suitable for gripping the extended edge of the sole. 4.2 Press knife, or other suitable cutting equipment, capable of cutting a 25 mm wide test piece from the edge of the shoe.
12、 5 Conditioning and testing atmosphere Whenever possible, condition the test pieces for48h at 20 2 C and 65 2% relative humidity and carry out the test in this atmosphere. If this is not possible, the test pieces should be tested not sooner than 24 h after manufacture or after any artificial ageing
13、treatment. 6 Preparation of test piece 6.1 Position. Whenever possible, cut test pieces from three positions, A, B and C, where a) pieces A and B are from the area of widest swell of the forepart and as near to the inner and outer foot joint positions, respectively, as is possible, consistent with o
14、btaining an edge capable of being held firmly by the pincer clamp; and b) piece C is from the forward tip of the toe. In addition, cut test pieces from other positions if required. For all test pieces avoid seams and overlaps on the upper. 6.2 Dimensions. Using the press knife cut through the upper,
15、 insole and outsole to produce test pieces25 mm wide, with the sides at right angles to the edge of the sole, and of length about 30 mm measured from the feather line. Then cut through the insole and outsole across each test piece to shorten this part to about 15 mm measured from the feather line. T
16、he side view of the cut out test piece is shown in Figure 5.4/1. 6.3 Reference line. On each test piece edge mark a vertical line 10 mm from the feather line on the sole. (See Figure 5.4/1.) 6.4 Insole. The test piece may be tested with or without the insole present. In many worn shoes the insole wi
17、ll be loose, making no contribution to the strength of the bond between upper and sole and becoming detached from the upper and sole as the test piece is cut. If desired, an insole which is not loose may be removed from the test piece before the peeling test is carried out. The presence or absence o
18、f the insole shall always be recorded for inclusion in the report. 7 Procedure Carry out the following procedure on each test piece. 7.1 Firmly clamp the free end of the upper in one clamp of the tensile-testing machine and the edge of the sole in the other (see Figure 5.4/2). Make sure that the end
19、 of the sole/insole does not touch the upper clamp. 7.2 Separate the jaws of the tensile-testing machine at a rate of 100 20 mm/min while recording continuously the force exerted. Mark on the force-extension record the point where initial bond failure occurs. Continue peeling the bond until the refe
20、rence line is reached. 7.3 Observe the type of bond failure as the peeling proceeds. “Legging” of the adhesive as the sole and upper are separated indicates cohesive failure.BS5131-5.4:1978 2 BSI 09-1999 8 Calculation and expression of results 8.1 From the force-extension record for each test piece
21、obtain the maximum force (E in Figure 5.4/3) and the initial force F corresponding to the marked point of initial failure. Use the following procedure to obtain the mean force (see Figure 5.4/3 which shows typical forms of the record obtained). Draw line AB through the point of initial failure and p
22、erpendicular to the extension axis. Draw line CD through the point corresponding to the 10 mm reference line and perpendicular to the extension axis. Draw line GH parallel to the extension axis so that the area between GH and the line of the graph (shaded in Figure 5.4/3) is the same above and below
23、 GH. Record as the mean force that corresponding toGH. For each test piece express the initial maximum andthe mean force in newtons per centimetre width (i.e.divide the measured forces by 2.5). Figure 5.4/1 Side view of cut out test piece (The insole may not always be present) Figure 5.4/2 Test piec
24、e being peeled apartBS5131-5.4:1978 BSI 09-1999 3 8.2 Examine the test piece after peeling. Note the type(s) of failure and whether these changed as the peeling proceeded. NOTE. The types of bond failure may be classified as follows: a) failure of adhesion to either adhered material; b) failure of a
25、dhered material, surface layer; c) failure of adhered material, below surface; d) cohesive failure of adhesive (this is best picked out by its appearance as peeling is taking place); e) non-coalescence of adhesive films. 9 Test report Include the following items in the test report for each test piec
26、e: a) the result, expressed in accordance with 8.1; b) the position in the shoe from which the test piece was taken, by reference to locations A, B and C; c) whether or not the insole was included as part of the test piece; d) type(s) of failure occurring, expressed in accordance with 8.2 e) whether
27、 or not the insole was included as part of the test piece; f) reference to the method of test (i.e. BS 5131-5.4); g) the date of testing. h) the nature and full identification of the sample, including the age of the sample after manufacture and/or any period of artificial ageing, and the details of
28、the conditioning; Figure 5.4/3 Typical forms of the force-extension recordBS 5131-5.4: 1978 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at t
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