1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsWB9423_BSI_StandardColCov_noK_AW:BSI FRONT COVERS 5/9/08 12:55 Page 1Code of practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites Part 2: VibrationBS 5228-2:2009Li
2、censed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 17/03/2009 02:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS 5228-2:2009 BritiSh StandardPublishing and copyright informationthe BSi copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSi 2008iSBn 978 0 580 56049 1iCS 17.14
3、0.20the following BSi references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/564/1 draft for comment 08/30141422 dCPublication historyFirst published as BS 5228, May 1975 First published as BS 5228-1, BS 5228-2 and BS 5228-3, May 1984 Second edition of BS 5228-1, BS 5228-2 and BS 5228
4、-3, May 1997 First edition of BS 5228-4, January 1986 Second edition of BS 5228-4, May 1992 First edition of BS 5228-5, november 1997 Present (third) edition in two parts, december 2008Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affected Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARD
5、S, 17/03/2009 02:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBritiSh Standard BSI 2008 iBS 5228-2:2009ContentsForeword iii1 Scope 12 normative references 13 terms and definitions 14 Community relations 25 Vibration and persons on site 26 neighbourhood nuisance 37 Project supervision 58 Control of vibration 89 Mea
6、surement 22Annexesannex a (informative) Legislative background 25annex B (normative) Significance of vibration effects 35annex C (informative) Measured vibration levels for piling (current data) 43annex d (informative) Measured vibration levels for piling (historic data) 44annex E (informative) Pred
7、iction of vibration levels 71annex F (informative) description of vibration 75annex G (informative) air overpressure 81annex h (informative) Examples of record sheets 83Bibliography 85List of figuresFigure a.1 Procedures to control construction vibration under the Control of Pollution act 1974 28Fig
8、ure B.1 transient vibration guide values for cosmetic damage 38Figure B.2 Example of vibration criteria 41Figure E.1 Scaled distance graph 74Figure F.1 Sketch plan illustrating potential vibration measurement locations 80Figure h.1 Site measurements sheet 83Figure h.2 Vibration data summary sheet 84
9、List of tablestable B.1 Guidance on effects of vibration levels 36table B.2 transient vibration guide values for cosmetic damage 38table B.3 Key to vibration criteria illustrated in Figure B.2 42table C.1 Summary of case history data on vibration levels 43table d.1 Summary of historic case history d
10、ata on vibration levels measured during impact bored piling (tripod) 45table d.2 Summary of historic case history data on vibration levels measured during driven cast-in-place piling (drop hammer) 48table d.3 Summary of historic case history data on vibration levels measured during dynamic consolida
11、tion 51table d.4 Summary of historic case history data on vibration levels measured during vibroflotation/vibroreplacement 55table d.5 Summary of historic case history data on vibration levels measured during the use of casing vibrators 59table d.6 Summary of historic case history data on vibration
12、levels measured during rotary bored piling (including casing dollies) 61table d.7 Summary of historic case history data on vibration levels measured during tripod bored piling 62table d.8 Summary of historic case history data on vibration levels measured during driven sheet steel piling 63Licensed C
13、opy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 17/03/2009 02:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS 5228-2:2009ii BSI 2008BritiSh Standardtable d.9 Summary of historic case history data on vibration levels measured during driving of bearing piles 65table d.10 Summary of historic case history data on vibrati
14、on levels measured during use of vibratory pile drivers 67table d.11 Summary of miscellaneous historic case history data on vibration levels measured during piling and kindred operations 69table E.1 Empirical predictors for groundborne vibration arising from mechanized construction works 72table E.2
15、 Values of kpfor use in predictions of vibration from percussive piling 73Summary of pagesthis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 90, an inside back cover and a back cover.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 17/03/2009 02:25, Uncontr
16、olled Copy, (c) BSIBritiSh Standard BSI 2008 iiiBS 5228-2:2009ForewordPublishing informationthis part of BS 5228 is published by BSi and came into effect on 1 January 2009. it was prepared by Subcommittee B/564/1, Noise control working group, under the authority of technical Committee B/564, Noise c
17、ontrol on construction and open sites. a list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Supersessiontogether with BS 5228-1:2008, this part of BS 5228 supersedes BS 5228-1:1997, BS 5228-2:1997, BS 5228-3:1997, BS 5228-4:1992 and BS 5228-5:1997, which
18、are withdrawn.Relationship with other publicationsBS 5228 is published in two parts:Part 1: Noise;Part 2: Vibration.BS 6472 gives detailed guidance on human response to vibration in buildings and BS 7385-1 covers the measurement and evaluation of structural vibration. BS 7385-2 contains guidance on
19、damage levels from groundborne vibration.an item dealing with the vibratory loading of structures, iSO/FdiS 10317, is being processed within iSO technical Committee iSO/tC 98/SC/2, Safety of structures. this is being monitored by BSi.Information about this documentthis British Standard refers to the
20、 need for the protection against noise and vibration of persons living and working in the vicinity of, and those working on, construction and open sites. it recommends procedures for noise and vibration control in respect of construction operations and aims to assist architects, contractors and site
21、 operatives, designers, developers, engineers, local authority environmental health officers and planners.noise and vibration can cause disturbance to processes and activities in neighbouring buildings, and in certain extreme circumstances vibration can cause or contribute to building damage.noise a
22、nd vibration can be the cause of serious disturbance and inconvenience to anyone exposed to it and in certain circumstances noise and vibration can be a hazard to health. attention is drawn to the legislation summarized in annex a.this is a full revision of this part of BS 5228, and introduces the f
23、ollowing principal changes:restructuring of the standard into two parts, one dealing with noise and one with vibration;updating of information relating to legislative requirements; updating of information relating to methods and equipment. NOTE Copyright is claimed in Tables E.1 and E.2. The copyrig
24、ht holder is the Transport Research Laboratory (TRL), Crowthorne House, Nine Mile Ride, Wokingham, Berkshire, RG40 3GA.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 17/03/2009 02:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS 5228-2:2009iv BSI 2008BritiSh StandardUse of this documentas a code of practice
25、, this part of BS 5228 takes the form of guidance and recommendations. it should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading.any user claiming compliance with this part of BS 5228 is expected to be able to jus
26、tify any course of action that deviates from its recommendations.Presentational conventionsthe provisions in this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. its recommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general
27、informative material is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.Contractual and legal considerationsthis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a Briti
28、sh Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 17/03/2009 02:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBritiSh Standard BSI 2008 1BS 5228-2:20091 Scopethis part of BS 5228 gives recommendations for basic methods of vibration control relating to c
29、onstruction and open sites where work activities/operations generate significant vibration levels, including industry-specific guidance.the legislative background to vibration control is described and recommendations are given regarding procedures for the establishment of effective liaison between d
30、evelopers, site operators and local authorities.Guidance is provided concerning methods of measuring vibration and assessing its effects on the environment.2 Normative referencesthe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the
31、edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS 3015, Glossary of terms relating to mechanical vibration and shock3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this part of BS 5228, the definitions given in BS 3015 and t
32、he following apply.3.1 air overpressureairborne pressure waves generated by blasting, produced over a range of frequencies including those which are audible and those which are below the lower end of the audible spectrum3.2 amplification factormotion measured at a given point (usually on the structu
33、re), divided by the motion measured at a reference point (usually at the base of the structure or on the foundation)3.3 peak particle velocity (PPV)instantaneous maximum velocity reached by a vibrating element as it oscillates about its rest position3.4 overburdenmaterial overlying the coal, or mine
34、ral or minerals to be extracted, including topsoil and subsoil3.5 pilinginstallation or removal of bored, driven and pressed-in piles and the effecting of ground treatments by vibratory, dynamic or other methods of ground stabilization3.6 vibration dose value (VDV)measure of the total vibration expe
35、rienced over a specified period of timeNOTE Air overpressure can be quantified either as a pressure or as a level in linear (unweighted) decibels (dB).NOTE Economic deposits of other minerals can occur in the overburden.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 17/03/2009 02:25, Uncontr
36、olled Copy, (c) BSIBS 5228-2:20092 BSI 2008BritiSh StandardNOTE The VDV can be determined for continuous, intermittent, occasional and impulsive vibration. It takes account of the magnitude of the vibration events and the number and duration of those events, to quantify the total vibration exposure.
37、 The VDV is given by the fourth root of the integral of the fourth power of the acceleration after it has been frequencyweighted and is defined as:VdVb/d, day/night=atdtT40025().where:VDVb/d, day/nightis the vibration dose value (in ms1.75);a(t) is the frequencyweighted acceleration (in ms2), using
38、Wbor Wdas appropriate;T is the total period of the day or night, in seconds (s), during which vibration can occur.Further details of the VDV are given in BS 64721.4 Community relationsGood relations with people living and working in the vicinity of site operations are of paramount importance. Early
39、establishment and maintenance of these relations throughout the carrying out of site operations will go some way towards allaying peoples fears.it is suggested that good relations can be developed by keeping people informed of progress and by treating complaints fairly and expeditiously. the person,
40、 company or organization carrying out work on site should appoint a responsible person to liaise with the public. the formation of liaison committees with members of the public can be considered for longer term projects when relatively large numbers of people are involved.Vibration and air overpress
41、ure from blasting operations is a special case and can under some circumstances give rise to concern or even alarm to persons unaccustomed to it. the adoption of good blasting practices will reduce the inherent and associated impulsive noise: prior warning to members of the public, individually if n
42、ecessary, is important.5 Vibration and persons on site5.1 TrainingNOTE Attention is drawn to Regulation 8 of the Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005 2, which requires employers to provide information and training where the risk assessment indicates a potential risk to the health of employe
43、es as a result of exposure to vibration either handarm vibration (HAV) or whole body vibration (WBV) or where the employees are likely to be exposed to vibration levels above the relevant action levels. The Regulations require all employees to be advised of the following, as part of their training:t
44、he organizational and technical measures to be taken in order to a) comply with the requirements of Regulation 6;the exposure limit values and action values set out in Regulation 4;b) the significant findings of the risk assessment, including any c) measurements taken, with an explanation of those f
45、indings;NOTE The government has published research on the environmental effects of noise from blasting 1.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 17/03/2009 02:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBritiSh Standard BSI 2008 3BS 5228-2:2009why and how to detect and report signs of injury;d) ent
46、itlement to appropriate health surveillance under Regulation 7 e) and its purpose;safe working practices to minimize exposure to vibration; andf) the collective results of any health surveillance undertaken in g) accordance with Regulation 7 in a form calculated to prevent those results from being i
47、dentified as relating to a particular person.Operatives should be trained to employ appropriate techniques to keep site vibration to a minimum, and should be effectively supervised to ensure that best working practice in respect of vibration reduction is followed.a programme of monitoring should be
48、implemented to ensure that condition limits are not exceeded and that all the relevant recommendations are met.5.2 Protection from vibration exposureExposure to prolonged and regular work with high-vibration hand held tools can be a serious hazard to health. Workers using such equipment can suffer v
49、arious forms of adverse effects, collectively known as handarm vibration syndrome (haVS). the best known effect is vibration white finger (VWF) which is a prescribed industrial disease. Exposure to high levels of whole body vibration (WBV), e.g. for drivers of certain mobile plant in rough terrain conditions, can also be a serious hazard to health.at present, there is no effective personal protective equipment to alleviate the exposure to haV that is comparable to ear protectors in relatio
