1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5350-D4: 1976 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Methods of test for Adhesives Part D4: Determination of staining potential UDC 665.93:620.1 +665.93:620.191.7BS5350-D4:1976 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Adhesives Industry Standards Committee,was
2、 published underthe authorityof the Executive Board on 29October1976 BSI 08-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ADC/9/2 Draft for comment 74/50318 DC ISBN 0 580 09397 2 Foreword Certain adhesives may cause a change in the colour or appearance of
3、 substrates to which they are applied or the adhesive itself may change colour. If decorative substrates are involved, these effects, usually referred to by the general term “staining”, may render the use of particular adhesives unacceptable. Staining may arise because of chemical interaction betwee
4、n constituents of the substrate and adhesive, producing chromophoric compounds. In other cases migration of a chromophoric constituent into a substrate may be the cause. Ultraviolet light or heat or both in combination may induce or accelerate a staining process. A British Standard does not purport
5、to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover
6、, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 3 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 5803 February 19
7、89 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS5350-D4:1976 BSI 08-1999 i Contents Page Foreword Inside front cover 1 Scope 1 2 References 1 3 Reagents 1 4 Apparatus 1 5 Procedure 1 6 Test report 3ii blankBS5350-D4:1976 BSI 08-1999 1 1 Scope This Part describes methods of assessment of the staining poten
8、tial of free adhesive films and adhesive-substrate combinations. It also provides guidance on selection of appropriate exposure conditions and on interpretation of results. 2 References This Part makes reference to the following standards publications: BS 950, Artificial daylight for the assessment
9、of colour. BS 950-1, Illuminant for colour matching and colour appraisal. BS 2648, Performance requirements for electrically-heated laboratory drying ovens. BS 3978, Specification for water for laboratory use. BS 5350, Methods of test for adhesives. BS 5350-A1, Adherend preparation. 3 Reagents All r
10、eagents shall be of analytical reagent quality, and water complying with grade 3 of BS3978 shall be used throughout. 3.1 Light petroleum spirit, boiling range60 C to80 C. 3.2 Ammonium iron (III) sulphate solution, Dissolve0.216g of ammonium iron (III) sulphate in water. Add two or three drops of con
11、centrated nitric acid and make up to1000ml with water. 3.3 Tannic-acid-impregnated filter paper, prepared by soaking filter paper in a5%m/v aqueous solution of tannic acid and allowing it to dry. It is essential that the paper be used within8h of preparation. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Glass plates, white-pain
12、ted metal panels, plastics sheet or film, nominally75mm 75mm. Ifit is desired to test for possible staining with other base substrate materials the test pieces should also be of these dimensions. 4.2 Aluminium foil 4.3 High-pressure mercury vapour source of ultraviolet light, arranged so that the em
13、itted radiation impinges normal to the adhesive-coated side of the test panels and that the energy level at the test panel surface is between10Jm 2s 1and12.5Jm 2 s 1 . 4.4 Ultraviolet light exposure cabinet, with ventilation to maintain the internal air temperature within the range20 C to25 C. 4.5 A
14、ir-circulating oven, non-illuminated, meeting the requirements of BS2648. 5 Procedure 5.1 Methods for staining induced by ultraviolet light 5.1.1 Method 1A. Test for effect of ultraviolet light on free adhesive films. Thoroughly clean a glass plate(4.1) using the light petroleum spirit(3.1) and allo
15、w it to dry. Apply a coat of adhesive, using a brush or spreader, to give an even overall coating on the plate, and allow it to dry or set. Subject the test plate to any curing schedule specified by the manufacturer and then condition it at23 2 C and505% relative humidity for seven days, taking prec
16、autions to exclude light throughout. Apply a mask of aluminium foil to the adhesive surface over one half of the test plate so that an area of adhesive film nominally75mm 37mm is exposed. Set up the test plate in the ultraviolet light exposure cabinet as specified in4.3 and4.4, and switch on the sou
17、rce of ultraviolet light. Inspect the panel at hourly intervals against a matt white ground, comparing the masked and unmasked areas in good diffuse daylight or in artificial daylight complying with the requirements of BS950-1. Report the time interval at which a change in colour is noted, confirmed
18、 by the next hourly observation. The test should not normally require exposure of the test plate for more than8h. Report no change at8h as “non-staining by ultraviolet light”. 5.1.2 Method 1B. Test for effect of ultraviolet light on adhesive in contact with white-painted metal panels or other substr
19、ates. Clean the white-painted metal panel with the light petroleum spirit(3.1) or solvent recommended by the manufacturer of the paint system, and allow it to dry. If other substrates are involved, prepare these in accordance with BS5350-A1 unless otherwise specified. Lightly scribe a line normal to
20、 an edge of the test panel to divide the prepared surface into two equal areas. Apply an even coat of adhesive, by brush or spreader, to one of the two areas. Subject the test panel to any curing schedule specified by the manufacturer of the adhesive and then condition it at23 2 C and505% relative h
21、umidity for at least48h, taking precautions to exclude light throughout. Apply a mask of aluminium foil to one half of the test panel so that the division of masked and unmasked areas is at right angles to the scribed line on the paint surface.BS5350-D4:1976 2 BSI 08-1999 Set up the test panel in th
22、e ultraviolet light exposure cabinet as specified in4.3 and4.4 and switch on the source of ultraviolet light. After16h remove the panel from the exposure cabinet. Remove the mask and inspect the panel in good diffuse daylight or in artificial daylight complying with the requirements of BS950-1. Repo
23、rt any development of stain at the boundary of the adhesive area or any colour change in the adhesive. Remove the adhesive from the panel, taking care not to damage the underlying paint finish or the substrate surface. Re-examine the panel and report any staining of the surface, relating to the mask
24、ed and unmasked regions of the test panel. 5.1.3 Method 1C. Test for effect of ultraviolet light on adhesive in contact with plastics films or sheet materials. Clean a glass plate with the light petroleum spirit(3.1) and allow it to dry. (If other base substrates are involved prepare these in accord
25、ance with Part A1 of this standard or as otherwise specified.) Scribe a line normal to an edge of the test plate to divide it into two equal areas. Prepare a square of plastics film or sheet in accordance with Part A1 of this standard, and scribe or mark a line normal to an edge of the film on the s
26、ide to be bonded, in the same manner as for the glass plate. Apply an even coat of adhesive to one half of one or both of the components of the test panel, according to the recommendations of the adhesive manufacturer. Assemble the two components, again according to the recommendations of the adhesi
27、ve manufacturer, so that one half of the test panel has an adhesive interlayer. Subject the test panel to any curing schedule specified by the adhesive manufacturer and condition it at23 2 C and505% relative humidity for at least48h, taking precautions to exclude light throughout. Apply a mask of al
28、uminium foil to one half of the test panel so that the division of masked and unmasked areas is at right angles to the area bonded by the adhesive. If necessary, tape the unbonded edges of flexible films to the edge of the glass or base substrate to prevent curling. Set up the test panel in the ultr
29、aviolet light exposure cabinet as specified in4.3 and4.4 and switch on the source of ultraviolet light. Inspect the panel at hourly intervals, comparing the masked and unmasked areas in good diffuse daylight or in artificial daylight complying with the requirements of BS950-1. Report the interval at
30、 which a change in shade in any part of the plastics film or sheet is noted, confirmed by the next hourly observation. The test should not normally require exposure of the panel for more than8h. Report no change after8h as “non-staining by ultraviolet light”. 5.2 Methods for staining induced by heat
31、 5.2.1 Method 2A. Test for effect of heat on free adhesive films. Prepare and condition two test panels, without masks, in accordance with5.1.1 Retain one test panel at23 2 C and50 5% relative humidity as a control and place the other in the air-circulating oven(4.5), controlled at50 2 C or some oth
32、er specified temperature. Compare the heated panel with the control at intervals of1,2,4,7 and14days, in good diffuse daylight or in artificial daylight complying with the requirements of BS950-1. Report the interval at which a difference in shade is noted, as confirmed by the next observation. Repo
33、rt no difference after14days as “non-staining by heat”. 5.2.2 Method 2B. Test for effect of heat on adhesive in contact with white-painted metal panels or other substrates. Prepare and condition two test panels, without masks, in accordance with5.1.2. Retain one test panel at23 2 C and50 5% relative
34、 humidity as a control, and place the other in the air-circulating oven(4.5), controlled at50 2 C or some other specified temperature. Remove the heated panel from the oven after14days and, carefully remove the adhesive from both test panels. Inspect the panels in good diffuse daylight or in artific
35、ial daylight complying with the requirements of BS950-1 and note any differences in shading or staining. NOTEInspection after periods of less than14days may be informative (see5.2.1 and5.2.3). Report no difference after14days as “non-staining by heat”. 5.2.3 Method 2C. Test for effect of heat on adh
36、esive in contact with plastics film or sheet material. Prepare and condition two test panels, without masks, in accordance with5.1.3. Retain one test panel at23 2 C and50 5% relative humidity as a control, and place the other in the air-circulating oven(4.5), controlled at50 2 C or some other specif
37、ied temperature.BS5350-D4:1976 BSI 08-1999 3 Compare the heated panel with the control at intervals of1,2,4,7 and14days, in good diffuse daylight or in artificial daylight complying with the requirements of BS950-1. Report the interval at which a difference in shade is noted, as confirmed by the nex
38、t observation. Report no difference after14days as “non-staining by heat”. 5.2.4 Method 2D. Test for effect of heat on adhesive in bonded assemblies. This test is applicable if a bonded substrate is likely to be sensitive to staining at the non-bonded surface. Prepare and condition two test panels,
39、without masks, in accordance with5.1.2 but using substrates for which the adhesive is intended to be used. Retain one test panel at23 2 C and505% relative humidity as a control, and place the other panel in the air-circulating oven(4.5) controlled at50 2 C or other temperature if specified. Compare
40、the surface of the heated panel to which the adhesive has not been applied with the corresponding surface of the control panel at intervals of1day,2days,4 days,7days and14days in good diffuse daylight or in artificial daylight complying with the requirements of BS950-1. Report the interval at which
41、a difference in shade is noted, as confirmed by the next observation, and whether this is associated with the presence of adhesive. Report no difference after14days as “non-staining by heat”. 5.3 Method 3. Test for heat-induced staining developed by ultraviolet light. If panels tested according to m
42、ethods2A and2B are reported as “non-staining by heat”, both control and heated test panels may then be masked and exposed to ultraviolet light according to methods1A,1B or1C as appropriate. Comparison of the control test panel with the heat-exposed panel during the test for exposure to ultra-violet
43、light permits differentiation between a) staining by ultraviolet light, and b) heat-induced staining that is developed by ultraviolet light. 5.4 Method 4. Test for adhesive staining of wood. This test is applied to adhesives intended for use on wood, and assesses the extent of staining likely to occ
44、ur because of impregnation of the substrate. Place three well-spaced drops of the ammonium iron (III) sulphate solution(3.2) on a tannic-acid-impregnated filter paper(3.3), using a glass rod and so placing the drops as to obtain three separate standard stains. By means of a glass rod, smear a drop o
45、f the adhesive under test along-side each standard stain. Allow the stain to dry and compare the intensity of the stain produced by the adhesive with that of the standard stain. If the results of the three replicate tests do not agree, repeat the test on a fresh test paper. 6 Test report The test re
46、port shall state the following: a) a designation of the adhesive, giving all information required for complete identification of the sample; b) the type of substrates used or tested; c) the conditions under which the test panels were prepared, where appropriate; d) the exposure conditions, where app
47、ropriate; e) the time taken to develop staining, or a statement “Non-staining by . . .” or a statement “Stain lighter (darker) than control”. f) a reference to this Part, i.e.BS5350-D4, and the relevant method.BS 5350-D4: 1976 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution B
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