1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5699-2: 1979 ISO 4332:1977 Processed photographic film for archival records Part 2: Specifications for silver-gelatin type on poly (ethylene terephthalate) base ISO title: Photography-Processed photographic film for archival records Silver-gelatin type on poly (ethylene terephtha
2、late) base Specifications UDC 77.025:930.25:772.136BS5699-2:1979 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Photographic Standards Committee, was published under the authority ofthe Executive Board and comesinto effect on 28February1979 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI refere
3、nces relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PHS/18 Draft for comment 75/63443 DC ISBN 0 580 10655 1 Cooperating organizations The Photographic Standards Committee, under whose direction this BritishStandard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government dep
4、artment and scientific and industrial organizations: Aslib Association of Manufacturers and Suppliers for the Graphic Arts Association of Photographic Laboratories British Broadcasting Corporation British Kinematograph, Sound and Television Society* British Photographic Association* British Printing
5、 Industries Federation Chartered Institution of Building Services Drawing Office Material Manufacturers and Dealers Association* Graphic Reproduction Federation Her Majestys Stationery Office* Institute of Incorporated Photographers Ltd. Institute of Reprographic Technology* Lighting Industry Federa
6、tion Ltd. Ministry of Defence Photographic Dealers Association Post Office Royal Photographic Society Scientific Instrument Manufacturers Association The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with th
7、e preparation of this British Standard: Microfilm Association of Great Britain Ordnance Survey University of London Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS5699-2:1979 BSI 10-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii 0 Introdu
8、ction 1 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 References 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Physical requirements controlled by the film manufacturer 2 5 Physical requirements controlled by the film manufacturer and by the processor 2 6 Thiosulphate concentration 3 7 Test methods 4 Annex A Film processing 8 Annex B
9、 Effect of residual chemicals on the developed silver image 8 Annex C Microscopic blemishes 9 Annex D Emulsion adhesion 9 Bibliography 10 Table 1 Limits for tensile properties and tensile properties loss 3 Table 2 Limits for mushiness value loss after accelerated ageing 3 Table 3 Limits for thiosulp
10、hate concentration 3 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS5699-2:1979 ii BSI 10-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Photographic Standards Committee and is identical with ISO4332 “Photography Processed photographic film for archival record
11、s Silver-gelatin type on poly(ethylene terephthalate) base Specifications” published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This British Standard will form one of a series of standards dealing with specifications for processed photographic film for archival records and attentio
12、n is drawn to Part 1 (being published simultaneously) dealing with silver-gelatin film on cellulose ester base. Attention is also drawn to the following standards, in course of preparation. BS , Practice for the storage of processed safety photographic film. (Identical with ISO 5466 1) ) BS , Silver
13、 image photographic paper prints for record purposes: storage conditions. (Identical with ISO 6051 1) ) Terminology and conventions. The text of the International Standard has been approved as suitable for publication, without deviation, as a BritishStandard. Some terminology and certain conventions
14、 are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is especially drawn to the following. The comma has been used throughout as a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline as a decimal marker. Wherever the words “International Stan
15、dard” appear, referring to this standard, they should be interpreted as “British Standard”. Where reference is made to an “ISO specification” this should be interpreted as “BS specification”. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British
16、Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to10, an inside back cover and a back cover. Th
17、is standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. 1) In course of preparation. Cross-references International Standard Corresponding British Standard ISO 417:1977 a BS 5706:1979 Methods
18、 for determining thiosulphate and other residual chemicals in processed film, plate and papers: methylene blue photometric method and silver sulphide densitometric method (Identical) ISO 543:1974 BS 850:1971 Special requirements for cinematograph film designated as “safety film” (Related) ISO/R 1184
19、:1970 BS 2782: Methods of testing plastics Part 3:Methods 326A to 326C:1977 Determination of tensile strength and elongation of plastics films (Technically equivalent) NOTETextual error. When adopting the text of ISO4332, the following printing error was noticed. At 3.6 “mushines” should read “mushi
20、ness”. a With reference of footnote1), clause2, ISO417 is now published.BS5699-2:1979 BSI 10-1999 1 0 Introduction Since1930, great advances have been made in the use of photographic films for the preservation of records. The preservation of film records by governments, banks, insurance companies, i
21、ndustry and other enterprises has been stimulated by a recognition of the economies in storage space, organization, accessibility, and ease of reproduction that result from the use of film records. During the early development period of the art of copying documents,35mm nitrate motion-picture film w
22、as sometimes used. This material is highly flammable and deteriorates rapidly under unfavourable storage conditions. Nitrate film is not acceptable for any archival record use. The manufacture of nitrate film declined after World War II and was discontinued in most countries during the1950s. For man
23、y years, the only films suitable for archival storage were made on some type of cellulose ester base. An ISO specification for archival photographic film on this base has been drawn up (ISO4331, Photography Processed photographic film for archival records Silver-gelatin type on cellulose ester base
24、Specifications). In1956, a synthetic polymer film base belonging to the polyester class was introduced. This particular polyester is known chemically as poly (ethylene terephthalate). It has several advantages over cellulose ester base, including superior mechanical properties and dimensional stabil
25、ity. Practical experience with this polyester film is considerably shorter than that with cellulose ester film. However, experience to date and accelerated ageing tests indicate that this film support is just as stable, if not more so, than safety cellulose ester base. This International Standard fo
26、r archival film on poly(ethylene terephthalate) base parallels ISO4331 for cellulose ester base. This International Standard is intended to eliminate possible hazards to permanence attributable to the chemical or physical characteristics of the processed film. Some of these characteristics are the r
27、esponsibility of the film manufacturer, some of the film processor, and some are influenced by both. However, specifying the chemical and physical characteristics of the material does not, by itself, ensure satisfactory archival behaviour. It is essential to provide proper storage temperature and hu
28、midity and protection from the hazards of fire, water, fungus and certain atmospheric pollutants. 1 Scope and field of application 1.1 This International Standard establishes the specifications for safety poly(ethylene terephthalate) type films having silver-gelatin type emulsions processed to produ
29、ce a stable black-and-white photographic image. 1.2 Silver images produced by full reversal processing are included. Silver images that have been chemically altered by treatments such as toning, reduction, or intensification are excluded. Colour films are excluded. However, a gold protection treatme
30、nt is not excluded. Silver images produced by dry processing, diffusion transfer, monobath processing and halide reversal processing are also excluded. 1.3 This International Standard is applicable to micro-film, motion-picture film, roll film, and sheet film intended for archival record films. 1.4
31、Lacquers and lubricants have been applied to processed film for fungus and scratch protection without any known detrimental effect on permanence. However, because of the wide variety of possible materials, lacquered and lubricated film are excluded from this International Standard. 2 References ISO
32、417, Photography Determination of thiosulphate and other residual chemicals in processed photographic film, plates and paper Methylene blue photometric method and silver sulphide densitometric method 2) . ISO 543, Cinematography Motion-picture safety film Definition, testing and marking. ISO/R 1184,
33、 Plastics Determination of tensile properties of films. ISO 5466, Photography Practice for the storage of processed safety photographic film 3) . 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 archival record film a photographic film composed and
34、treated so that under optimum storage conditions it is suitable for the preservation of records having permanent value (See ISO 5466.) 2) At present at the stage of draft. (Revision of ISO/R 417.) 3) In preparation.BS5699-2:1979 2 BSI 10-1999 3.2 film base the plastics support for the emulsion and b
35、acking layers 3.3 safety poly(ethylene terephthalate) base a film base composed mainly of a polymer of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid 3.4 emulsion layer the silver-gelatin image layer of the processed film 3.5 non-curl backing layer a layer, usually made of gelatin, applied to the side of the
36、 film base opposite that of the emulsion layer for the purpose of preventing curl. It is comparable to the emulsion layer in thickness and is not removed in processing (Antihalation or other layers removed in processing are excluded from this definition.) 3.6 mushines; wet penetration strength a ter
37、m used to indicate the wet strength of emulsion and backing layers. It is the minimum force on a stylus required to penetrate the emulsion surface. A high mushiness value denotes a high wet strength 4 Physical requirements controlled by the film manufacturer 4.1 Film base type The base used for arch
38、ival record film shall be of a safety poly(ethylene trephthalate) type and can be identified by the method specified in 7.1. 4) 4.2 Viscosity retention The relative viscosity of a solution of film base obtained from processed film shall not show a loss which exceeds5% as the result of accelerated ag
39、eing of the processed film. The accelerated ageing shall be accomplished as specified in7.2 and the viscosity determined as specified in7.3. 4.3 Ignition time The film shall meet the requirements for ignition time specified in ISO543. 4.4 Burning time The film shall meet the requirements for burning
40、 time specified in ISO543. 4.5 Nitrate nitrogen content The film shall not contain more than0,15% nitrate nitrogen, as determined by the method specified in ISO543. 4.6 Free acidity and acidity increase The film shall not have a free acidity greater than the equivalent of1,0ml of0,1N sodium hydroxid
41、e solution per gram of film when measured as specified in7.4. The volume of0,1N sodium hydroxide solution equivalent to the free acidity of the processed film shall not increase by more than0,5ml over its original value after accelerated ageing as specified in7.2. 4.7 Layer adhesion 4.7.1 Tape-strip
42、ping adhesion The processed film shall not show any removal of the emulsion layer or backing layer when tested as specified in7.5. 4.7.2 Humidity-cycling adhesion The emulsion layer or backing layer of the processed film shall not show separation or cracking which would impair its intended use, when
43、 tested as specified in7.6. (SeeAnnex D.) 5 Physical requirements controlled by the film manufacturer and by the processor 5.1 Tensile properties and tensile properties loss The film samples shall be processed and dried under the conditions used for the film records. Processed film shall have a tens
44、ile strength and elongation at break as specified in line 1 ofTable 1 when tested as specified in7.7. The loss in tensile properties after accelerated ageing, as specified in7.2, shall not exceed the percentage specified in line2 ofTable 1. 4) Poly(ethylene terephthalate) base films are characterize
45、d by excellent dimensional stability. The humidity and thermal coefficients of expansion are approximately 1/3 to 1/2 those of a comparable thickness film on cellulose ester base. Size change due to room temperature ageing is generally less than0,05% after 3 years.BS5699-2:1979 BSI 10-1999 3 Table 1
46、 Limits for tensile properties and tensile properties loss 5.2 Mushiness loss The processed film shall not show a loss in the mushiness value of the emulsion and backing layer which exceeds the percentage specified inTable 2 as the result of accelerated ageing of the processed film. The mushiness va
47、lue shall be determined as specified in7.8 and the accelerated ageing shall be carried out as specified in7.2. Table 2 Limits for mushiness value loss after accelerated ageing 5.3 Blocking Processed film shall show no evidence of blocking (sticking), delamination or surface damage when tested as spe
48、cified in7.9. A slight sticking of the film samples which does not result in physical damage or a change in the gloss of the surface shall be acceptable. 5.4 Image stability The film image shall show no degradation which would impair the film for its intended use, when tested as specified in7.10. 6
49、Thiosulphate concentration This characteristic is determined by the processing conditions. (SeeAnnex A.) Films may be fixed in solutions containing either sodium thiosulphate or ammonium thiosulphate.3 After processing, the film shall not contain a greater concentration of residual thiosulphate calculated as thiosulphate ion S 2 O 3 , than that specified in Table 3 when determined by the test method specified in ISO417.8 Table 3 Limits for thiosulphate concentration The analysis for thiosulphate shall be made on a film sampl
