1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6261:1982 Method for Evaluating the application of and interaction between components in upholstered furniture UDC 684.43.07.04:620.1BS6261:1982 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Furniture Standards Committee, was published under the authority
2、ofthe Board of BSI and comes intoeffect on 30 June 1982 BSI 07-1999 The following BSI references relateto the work on this standard: Committee reference FUM/1 Draft for comment DD 46 ISBN 0 580 12759 1 Cooperating organizations The Furniture Standards Committee, under whose direction this British St
3、andard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following: British Educational Equipment Association* British Furniture Manufacturers Federated Associations British Plastics Federation British Rubber Manufacturers Association* Business Equipment Trade Association* Committee of London Clear
4、ing Bankers on behalf of the Committee of Scottish Clearing Bankers, Co-operative Bank, Central Trustee Savings Bank and Yorkshire Bank Consumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSI* Department of the Environment (PSA) Department of the Environment Building Research Establishment (FireResearch Statio
5、n) Design Council* Furnishing Fabrics Association Furniture Industry Research Association* Furniture, Timber and Allied Trades Union Greater London Council* Institute of Administrative Management* Local Authorities Management Services and Computer Committee* National Association of Retail Furnishers
6、* National Bedding Federation* Office Machines and Equipment Federation Rubber and Plastics Research Association of Great Britain Textile Research Council Timber Research and Development Association The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were direct
7、ly represented on the Technical Committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: Consumers Association Mail Order Traders Association of Great Britain Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS 6261:1982 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizatio
8、ns Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Apparatus 1 4 Procedure 2 5 Test report 3 Figure 1 Schematic diagram of typical machine layout 4 Figure 2 Seat indentor 5 Figure 3 Back indentor 6 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS6261:1982 ii BSI 07-1999 Foreword This British
9、Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Furniture Standards Committee, and was originally published as DD 46:1976 “Method of test for evaluating the performance of upholstered furniture”. Subsequent evaluation has shown that the Draft for Development can be converted into a British Sta
10、ndard, with only a few modifications. DD 46:1976 is therefore withdrawn. This method is complementary to the tests (e.g. BS 2576, BS 3424 and BS 4875) which are used to assess the suitability of individual components, materials and structure in furniture. Prior use should be made of those appropriat
11、e standards to ensure that the individual components are satisfactory before the assembly is evaluated by the method described in this standard. After assembly faults may become apparent in service that are due to the method of application of components or to interactions between them. For example,
12、a particular configuration may place a high stress on a seam, a cut made for convenience in fitting a cover may act as a stress raiser, buttoning faults may occur, or foam may be cut or abraded by the underlying support. It is the purpose of the method given in this standard to search out such fault
13、s in the laboratory, usually on a prototype, so that expensive returns can be minimized. More simple forms of repeat loading tests do not indicate faults effectively, and it has therefore been assumed that it is the many and varied movements of users that give rise to the damage. Consequently, the a
14、pproach has been to analyse user movements and, from the theoretical consideration of the data gathered from the observation of movements and measurement of forces applied by users of upholstered furniture, draw up the test procedure. Those users movements assessed as being possibly damaging have be
15、en reproduced as accurately as possible by machine. The effectiveness of the method in demonstrating interaction faults and changes in appearance due to use have been practically proven. The method has also proved extremely valuable in the in situ evaluation of the physical properties of fire barrie
16、r materials placed between an outer upholstery cover and a filling as a means of complying with The Upholstered Furniture (Safety) Regulations 1980. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct
17、 application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright
18、 date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS6261:1982 BSI 07-1999 1 1 Scope This British Standard describes a method for the evaluation of a complete upholstered seating unit, and in particular aims to evaluate the likeli
19、hood of faults arising in service due to the method of application of materials or to the interaction of various materials or components. It does not evaluate the suitability of individual components such as the cover fabric, foam or padding, suspension system or frame construction. This standard is
20、 not applicable to padded furniture where in use the seat or back fully compresses to the chair structure. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply. 2.1
21、 seating unit a chair, or a sitting position of a settee or other item of furniture intended for simultaneous use by more than one person 2.2 seat the surface of the seating unit on which a user would normally sit 2.3 back the surface of the seating unit that would normally support the back of a sea
22、ted user 2.4 front (of the seat) that part of the seat furthest removed from the back 2.5 rear (of the seat) that part of the seat closest to the back 2.6 front (of the seat indentor) the tapered end of the indentor 2.7 rear (of the seat indentor) the spherical end of the indentor 2.8 forward the di
23、rection away from the back towards the front. When viewed in plan, the direction is parallel to the centre line of the seating unit 2.9 backward the opposite direction to forward 2.10 plane of the seat (when the seat is not a plane surface) the plane having the straight line that best fits the seat
24、section along the front/rear centre line as one axis, the other axis being horizontal 3 Apparatus The apparatus shall consist essentially of a means of applying horizontal and vertical loads to a seating unit via two indentors, one of which operates on the seat of the unit and the other of which ope
25、rates on the back. Means shall also be provided to enable the indentor to be moved in the manner prescribed in clause 4. A schematic drawing of a typical machine layout is given in Figure 1 1) . 3.1 Seat indentor. The seat indentor (see Figure 2) shall consist of two halves, each being essentially s
26、ections cut from a truncated cone terminated by a part sphere 1) . The two halves shall be joined by passing a common shaft through the pivot holes such that the separation between the two halves is2 1 mm. The two halves of the indentor shall be free to rotate with respect to each other. The curved
27、surface of the indentor shall be hard and smooth but not polished. The mass of the seat indentor assembly shall be 76.5 4 kg, and its centre of gravity shall be 110 mm forward of the pivot when the top surface of the indentor is horizontal. NOTEUnder the influence of gravity this mass will generate
28、a vertically downward force of 750 40 N. 3.2 Back indentor. The back indentor (see Figure 3) shall consist of a single pad of compound curvature 1) . The curved surface shall be hard and smooth but not polished. 1) The dimensions of the indentors are defined in existing drawings. For information on
29、the availability of these drawings, apply to Central Enquiries Section, British Standards Institution, enclosing a stamped addressed envelope for reply.BS6261:1982 2 BSI 07-1999 3.3 Seat indentor mounting. The seat indentor shall be mounted in such a way that the following conditions are met. a) The
30、 centre line between the two halves of the indentor lies along the front/rear of the centre line of the seating unit during tests, with the back of the indentor towards the rear of the seat and the front of the indentor towards the front of the seat. b) Its mass is able to rest freely on the seat. c
31、) The front edge of each half of the indentor can be raised so that the top surface of the half being raised makes an angle of 10 with the plane of the seat. This is achieved by a lifting device forward of the front edge of the indentor such that there is no rigid connection between the lifting devi
32、ce and the indentor, and which applies a maximum lifting force of 100 N in excess of the force necessary to just support the indentor. Each half of the indentor shall be capable of being raised and lowered independently and together. When in the lowered position the lifting device shall not place an
33、y forces or restraints on the indentor. The rate of lifting and lowering shall be not less than 10 in 0.5 s. d) Means are provided to apply a constant horizontal forward force of 75 4 N to the shaft connecting the two halves of the indentor. Provision shall be made for the shaft to move forward unde
34、r the action of this force through a distance of 150 mm. e) Means are provided for raising and lowering the complete indentor assembly. 3.4 Back indentor mounting. The back indentor shall be mounted in such a way that the following conditions are met. a) The curved face of the indentor with the squa
35、re edge to the bottom can contact the chair back. b) The indentor can pivot about a horizontal axis that is perpendicular to the front/rear centre line of the chair. c) A constant backward horizontal force of200 10 N can be applied to the pivot. Provision shall be made for the pivot to move backward
36、s under the action of this force. d) The pivot can be moved horizontally backwards and forwards at a rate not exceeding200 mm/s so that the indentor can be either in contact or free of contact with the back cushion. e) A constant downward vertical force of 90 5 N can be applied to the pivot. Provisi
37、on shall be made for the pivot to move downwards under the action of this force. 4 Procedure The seating unit shall be inspected before test and any damage or flaws noted. The seating unit shall be located in the test machine in such a way that it is restrained from movement but without restricting
38、deflection of the structure under test. This can be achieved by locating the unit at floor level with stops that prevent sliding. Initially both indentors shall be out of contact with the seating unit. A testing cycle shall consist of the following sequence. a) The seat indentor shall be lowered on
39、to the seat with its front edge in the raised position until its total mass, except for that component supported by the front edge lifting device, rests free on the seat. When the indentor is fully loaded, its position should be such that the centre line of the connecting shaft is 430 10 mm backward
40、 of the front edge of the seat. If the seat is too short to enable this position to be achieved with a clearance of 10 mm between the rear edge of the indentor and the back, the indentor shall be positioned so that a clearance between its rear edge and the back of 10 0, +5 mm is achieved. b) The bac
41、k indentor shall be moved horizontally backwards until the indentor contacts the back and a constant backward horizontal force of200 10 N shall then be applied to the pivot. In this position the horizontal plane through the pivot of the back indentor shall be 135 5 mm vertically above the horizontal
42、 plane through the centre line of the connecting shaft of the seat indentor. c) A constant downward vertical force of 90 5 N shall be applied to the pivot of the back indentor. The front edges of both halves of the seat indentor shall be lowered simultaneously to allow the total mass of the indentor
43、 to rest freely on the seat. A forward horizontal force of 75 4 N shall be applied to the seat indentor connecting shaft. d) The front edge of each half of the seat indentor shall be raised and lowered alternately until each half has been raised and lowered twice. e) The front edges of both halves o
44、f the seat indentor shall be fully raised simultaneously. The back indentor pivot shall be moved forward horizontally until the indentor is clear of the back. f) The seat indentor shall be raised clear of the seat.BS6261:1982 BSI 07-1999 3 The above testing cycle shall be repeated100000times or unti
45、l failure takes place, whichever occurs first. NOTEIt is estimated that 20 000 cycles are equivalent to one year of service in domestic service conditions. The seating unit shall be inspected for damage at frequent intervals. Any damage shall be noted. If minor damage or flaws noted prior to the tes
46、t lead to the development of major damage during the test, the test shall be invalidated. 5 Test report The test report shall give: a) a description of the item of furniture tested; b) the position of the seating unit tested where an item of furniture has more than one seating unit; c) details of in
47、itial damage or flaws; d) the number of cycles completed; e) the type, extent and position of any damage caused by testing and the number of cycles at which each area of damage was first observed or observed to have extended; f) the number of this British Standard (i.e.BS6261).BS6261:1982 4 BSI 07-1
48、999 Applied forces A Fixed mass provides constant forward force to seat indentor carriage via rope and pulley. B Fixed mass of indentor provides constant downward force. C Fixed mass provides constant backward force to back indentor via bell crank. D Fixed mass of back indentor and carriage provides
49、 constant downward force. Movements 1 Vertical movement of back indentor provided by sliding carriage. Downward movement under gravity, upward movement by return air cylinder. 2 Horizontal movement of back indentor provided by mounting shaft. Controlled by moving the pivot of the bell crank by air drive cylinder and locking cylinder coupled to limit switches on bell crank rotation. 3 Horizontal movement of seat indentor provided by sliding carriage. Forward movement under force A, backward movement by return cylinder. 4 Knees raised and lowered by
