1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6319-1: 1983 Testing of resin compositions for use in construction Part 1: Method for preparation of test specimens UDC 691.342 + 691.537:620.11BS 6319-1:1983 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standard
2、s Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 January 1983 BSI 02-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CSB/20 Draft for comment 81/13894 DC ISBN 0 580 13130 0 Cooperating organizations The Civil En
3、gineering and Building Structures Standards Committee, under whose direction this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following: Aluminium Federation Association of Consulting Engineers Brick Development Association British Constructional Steelwork Association British
4、 Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. British Steel Industry Cement and Concrete Association* Concrete Society Limited* Consumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSI Convention of Scottish Local Authorities County Surveyors Society* Department of the Environment (PSA)* Department of the Environment (Buil
5、ding Research Establishment)* Department of the Environment (Water Directorate) Department of the Environment (Housing and Construction) Department of the Environment (Transport and Road Research Laboratory)* Department of Transport Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Health and Safety Execu
6、tive Institution of Civil Engineers* Institution of Municipal Engineers Institution of Public Health Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers* Institution of Water Engineers and Scientists Local Authorities Organization Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Federation of Building
7、 Trades Employers National Water Council Royal Institute of British Architects Scottish Development Department Timber Research and Development Association Trades Union Congress The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the
8、Technical Committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: British Adhesive Manufacturers Association British Plastics Federation Construction Industry Research and Information Association Federation Resin Formulators and Applicators Ltd. Institution of Highway Engineers Plastics a
9、nd Rubber Institute Society of Chemical Industry Coopted member Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS 6319-1:1983 BSI 02-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii 0 Introduction 1 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Apparatus 2 4 Procedure
10、3 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS 6319-1:1983 ii BSI 02-1999 Foreword This Part of this British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee. It provides general information and describes sampling and specimen prepar
11、ation techniques for resin compositions. Further Parts describe particular methods of test for the measurement of basic physical properties of resin based materials, both on their own and also in conjunction with other materials. The Parts of this standard together provide a rationalized collection
12、of methods for testing the performance of resin based compositions as used in the construction industry. The methods described in this standard allow for the tests to be carried out either under specified ambient conditions or under agreed and declared conditions so allowing the freedom necessary fo
13、r research purposes (e.g.assessing performance under various conditions) or for checking maintenance of quality. If the purpose of the tests is to prepare general data for facilitating comparison between resin compositions from different sources, then it is strongly recommended that the more specifi
14、c ambient conditions described are adopted. Whichever testing programme is adopted, the precise details need to be listed in the test report alongside the data obtained. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsi
15、ble for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. In particular, attention is drawn to the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i an
16、d ii, pages1to4, aninside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS6319-1:1983 BSI 02-1999 1 0 Introduction As techniques of civil engineering, a
17、nd building construction and renovation evolve so the need for new materials grows. To satisfy this need resin suppliers and formulators are developing new products in ever increasing numbers. This proliferation of products often leads to confusion and indeed suspicion on the part of the specifier.
18、The advantages to be gained from using resin based products now appreciated by the majority of engineers and as their use becomes accepted in ever more demanding situations the consequences of the incorrect choice or application of material become increasingly serious. Data for such materials are, h
19、owever, difficult to interpret unless based on standard test methods and these in turn need to be related to the application and conditions of use. The mechanical properties of resin based materials are generally so different from those of, for example, hydraulic cement concrete, that the same perfo
20、rmance criteria are seldom applicable to both. In particular, compressive strength alone would not be sufficient to characterize the special features of resin compositions. When hydraulic cement concrete fails under stress it is largely by brittle fracture, i.e. with comparatively little movement ta
21、king place. Resin compounds, on the other hand, are amorphous networks of coiled and entangled polymer chains. Under stress the chains display a degree of mobility both within the molecule and between molecules; they are able to dissipate some of the stress by straightening out and sliding over one
22、another. The rate of movement is time and temperature dependent and the degree of movement occurring before chains are ruptured is a function of the molecular construction and the degree of connection between adjacent chains (cross-linking). The presence of mineral fillers, particularly if in suffic
23、ient quantity to achieve physical contact and hence mechanical interaction between filler particles, can greatly restrict the degrees of movement. Thus, while some resin compounds (particularly those formulations containing a very high proportion of mineral fillers and aggregates) may fail under loa
24、d in a similar manner to the more familiar hydraulic cement concretes, others may deform beyond all useful limits and still support an increasing load. Ultimate failure under load may occur at a strain of 10% or more. It follows then, that the ultimate strength of a resin compound should be viewed w
25、ith caution and interpreted in conjunction with, for instance, creep and modulus of elasticity. Two other important factors that need to be considered when using resin compositions are their generally higher thermal expansion and lower compressive modulus. It is important that those considering the
26、use of these materials are cautioned against interpreting their strength solely in the light of experience of hydraulic cement concrete behaviour. NOTEThe units of measurement used in this standard are those of the International System of Units (SI). For further information, reference should be made
27、 to BS3763 and PD5686. 1 Scope This Part of this British Standard gives a general introduction to the testing of resin compositions and describes a procedure for obtaining samples of resin compositions and preparing test specimens under either declared practical conditions or more closely controlled
28、 laboratory conditions. It is applicable to thermoset cold curing resin formulations, e.g.epoxide, polyester, acrylic, polyurethane. These formulations may include liquid resins, liquid or powder hardeners, aggregates and fillers, and include polymer based grouts. NOTEThe titles of the publications
29、referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Part of BS6319 the definitions given in BS1755, BS2787, BS4049 and BS4627 apply together with the following. 2.1 cold curing resin system a resin system that can harden without the external appli
30、cation of heat NOTEThis is the principal type of system used in the construction industry.BS 6319-1:1983 2 BSI 02-1999 2.2 cure the process leading to permanent hardening of a resin by chemical reaction, such as by cross-linking 2.3 exotherm the heat evolved when a synthetic resin hardens 2.4 filler
31、 a solid material in powder, granular or fibrous form that is added to a synthetic resin system to reduce cost, exotherm and shrinkage and often increase hardness, abrasion resistance, heat distortion temperature or other specifically selected property of a cured system. Fillers may also modify the
32、flow properties of the system before cure. Coarse fillers are often referred to as aggregates in the same sense as in concrete technology 2.5 forced action mixer a machine for the blending of solids and/or liquids wherein the agitation of the material is brought about by the relative movement of the
33、 two or more parts of the machine each of which are in contact with the materials, typically by the action of paddles in a fixed or moving container NOTEThis is in contrast to a free-fall concrete mixer that contains only fixed mixing elements within a rotating vessel. 2.6 hardener a material that c
34、hemically combines with a synthetic resin to give a hardened product NOTEThe terms catalyst, initiator, promoter and accelerator, may also be encountered in this connection and are used to describe a hardener or an additional component necessary for the hardening process. The term curing agent is so
35、metimes used in this sense but conflicts with its meaning in concrete technology and is therefore a deprecated term in this context. 2.7 pot life the time elapsing between the blending of a resin with its hardener and that stage in its reaction when it is no longer suitable for its intended applicat
36、ion 2.8 resin concrete a blend of resin and hardener with graded aggregate where a significant proportion of the aggregate is retained on a 5.00mm BS410 test sieve 2.9 resin grout a resin system, with or without fillers, of sufficient mobility to be pumped, poured or injected, according to design, i
37、nto cracks, fissures or voids 2.10 resin mortar a blend of resin and hardener with graded aggregate where a small proportion of the aggregate is retained on a 5.00mm BS410 test sieve 2.11 thermosetting resin a resin that, when hardened, is converted into an essentially infusible and insoluble produc
38、t 3 Apparatus 3.1 Moulds 3.1.1 Mould construction. Where moulds are required they shall be of metal that is unaffected by the materials incorporated in the specimen. They shall be rigid enough to prevent distortion and shall be constructed in such a manner as to facilitate the removal of the moulded
39、 specimens without damage. The parts of the mould, when assembled, shall be positively and rigidly held together and suitable means of ensuring this, both during the filling and the subsequent handling of the filled mould, shall be provided. Each mould shall be provided with a rigid base plate that
40、provides a leak-proof joint with the sides of the mould. NOTEFurther requirements for moulds are specified in the appropriate Part of this standard. 3.1.2 Mould tolerances 3.1.2.1 General. The moulds shall be made so that, when assembled ready for use, the dimensions and internal faces are accurate
41、within the limits specified in3.1.2.2 to3.1.2.6. The principles given in BS308-3 shall be followed for flatness and squareness and those in BS1134-1 for surface texture. 3.1.2.2 Dimensions 1) 3.1.2.2.1 Prisms. The depth and internal width of each compartment based on the average of six measurements
42、symmetrically placed along the axis of the compartment shall be the nominal size 0.1mm. The length of each compartment shall be the nominal size 0.4mm. 1) The tolerances for dimensions should be considered in conjunction with those for flatness, squareness and parallelism.BS6319-1:1983 BSI 02-1999 3
43、 3.1.2.2.2 Cubes. The depth of the mould and the distance between either pair of opposite internal faces, each based on the average of four symmetrically placed measurements, shall be the nominal size 0.15mm. 3.1.2.3 Flatness. The surface of each internal face shall lie between two parallel planes 0
44、.03mm apart. The joints between the sections of the mould and between the bottom surface of the mould and the top surface of the baseplate shall lie between two parallel planes 0.06 mm apart. 3.1.2.4 Squareness. The surface of each internal face shall lie between two parallel planes 0.5mm apart that
45、 are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the mould and also to the adjacent internal faces. 3.1.2.5 Parallelism. The top surface of the mould shall lie between two parallel planes 1.0mm apart, parallel to the bottom surface. 3.1.2.6 Surface texture. The R avalue for the surface texture of each in
46、ternal face shall be a maximum of3.2mm when assessed in accordance with BS1134-1. NOTERoughness values of finishes by common manufacturing processes are given in Table1ofBS1134-2:1972. 3.1.3 Mould preparation. Moulds shall be thoroughly cleaned and lightly and uniformly treated with a suitable relea
47、se agent such as silicone, hard wax or polyvinyl alcohol solution. NOTEStandard mould oils as used for concrete specimens are not generally suitable. In assembling the mould ready for use the joints between the sections of the mould and between the bottom of the mould and the baseplate shall, if nec
48、essary, be sealed to prevent escape of the resin composition. Any excess sealant shall be carefully removed. 3.1.4 Conditioning of moulds. Moulds shall be conditioned for a minimum of3h at the temperature specified for the materials to be tested (see4.2). 3.2 Ancillary equipment 3.2.1 Compacting too
49、l, having a square end approximately12mm 12mm. 3.2.2 Palette knife, having a straight edge long enough to span the mould. 4 Procedure 4.1 Sampling. Preferably use a manufacturers complete pre-measured pre-pack or, alternatively, where the mixing can be carried out in laboratory conditions, prepare a mix from individual components in the proportions specified by the manufacturer. It is then generally desirable that the total mass of the mix is such that no component weighs less than10g. Carry out all weighings to an accuracy of 0.5%. Where a quantity of a filler, sand or
