1、BRITISH STANDARD BS6478:1984 ISO7154:1983 Guide to Filing bibliographic information in libraries and documentation ISO title: Documentation Bibliographic filing principles UDC 025.329+651.533BS6478:1984 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Documentation Standards Com
2、mittee, was published under the authority ofthe Board of BSI and comesintoeffect on 30April1984 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference DOS/7 Draft for comment82/63692 DC ISBN 0 580 13799 6 Committees responsible for this British Standard The
3、 preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Documentation Standards Committee (DOS/-) to Technical Committee DOS/7 upon which the following bodies were represented: Aslib Bodleian Library British Library (Bibliographic Services Division) British Library (Lending Division) British Libr
4、ary (Reference Division) British Library (Research and Development Department) British Photographic Association Central Statistical Office Council of Polytechnic Librarians Department of Trade and Industry (Research and Development Contractors) Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Engine
5、ering Equipment and Materials Users Association Inspec Institute of Information Scientists Library Association London and South Eastern Library Region (LASER) National Computing Centre Ltd. National Reprographic Centre for documentation Publishers Association Royal Institute of British Architects St
6、anding Conference of National and University Libraries University of Newcastle upon Tyne The following body was also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Association of British Library and Information Studies Schools Amendments issued since publication Amd.
7、No. Date of issue CommentsBS6478:1984 BSI 10-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 References 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Principles of presentation of filing information 3 5 Principles of construction of filing sequences 4 6
8、 Principles of filing 7 Figure Composition of filing sequences in a four-level hierarchy 7 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS6478:1984 ii BSI 10-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Documentation Standards Committee. It is identical with
9、 ISO7154 “DocumentationBibliographic filing principles”, which was developed by the international committee ISO/TC46, Documentation, and was published in1983 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Terminology and conventions. The text of the International Standard has been appr
10、oved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. Wherever the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this standard, t
11、hey should be read as “British Standard”. Cross-references. At present, there are no British Standards corresponding to ISO6630 and ISO/TR8393 but, as these references are supplied only for information, the lack of corresponding British Standards does not affect the validity of this British Standard
12、. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprise
13、s a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to10, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS6478:1984 BSI 10-1999 1 1
14、Scope and field of application This International Standard defines generalized bibliographic filing principles to be incorporated into the bibliographic filing rules of individual bibliographies, libraries, and documentation centres as well as those of entire nations or language groups. This Interna
15、tional Standard is applicable to bibliographic information as printed or displayed, to the identification of filing units within bibliographic records for exchange in machine-readable form, and to the manipulation of these records by manual and machine-based techniques. NOTEThe examples given in thi
16、s International Standard are not meant to be prescriptive, but rather to reflect a particular set of bibliographic filing rules (seeISO/TR8393). 2 References ISO6630, Automation in documentation Bibliographic control character set 1) . ISO/TR8393, DocumentationBibliographic filing rules 1) . 3 Defin
17、itions For the purpose of this International Standard the following definitions apply. NOTEA term printed in italic type face in a definition has the meaning given to it in another definition. 3.1 alphabetical order the filing criterion for letters according to the order of an alphabet 3.2 arrangeme
18、nt code filing characters designed to achieve classified and canonical order in filing, and to identify type distinctions NOTEAlthough generally implicit in manual filing, arrangement codes have to be inserted into the string of filing characters in the construction of a sort key for computer sortin
19、g. 3.3 bibliographic entry an item of bibliographic information treated as one entity, as presented in a catalogue or bibliography according to the provisions of cataloguing rules Examples: main entries added entries references subject entries 3.4 canonical order a filing criterion which derives fro
20、m a convention associated with the material to which the bibliographic entries refer and which specifies the order of these entries Example: the books of the Bible are often filed according to this criterion 3.5 character a graphic symbol which, for filing purposes, is to be translated into one or m
21、ore filing characters, or which forms part of a filing character, or which is ignored in filing Examples: 3.6 classified order a filing criterion which determines the order of precedence according to principles associated with the material to which the bibliographic entry refers Example: collective
22、titles are often filed according to this criterion 1) At present at the stage of draft. Character(s) Filing character(s) Explanations: a a 1 character translated into1 filing character “ ss 1 character translated into2 filing characters (filing of German sharps) ? 1 character which is ignored for fi
23、ling (filing of non-alphanumeric sign question mark) 9 9 1 character translated into1 filing character 10 10 2 characters each of which forms part of the filing character “number10” (i.e.every number is one filing character)BS6478:1984 2 BSI 10-1999 3.7 filing area filing unit at the second highest
24、filing level, immediately subordinate to the filing entry. This unit contains an independent part of the entire filing information. Filing areas are distinguished by type, the individual types of filing areas having a specific filing value Examples: the name of a person, the name of a corporate body
25、, the title, the imprint date are all filing areas of different types 3.8 filing character filing unit at the lowest filing level. It cannot be subdivided. Filing characters are distinguished by type, the individual types of filing characters having a specific filing value Examples: letters, numbers
26、 written as numerals, non-alphanumeric signs, arrangement codes for classified or canonical order, and signals to identify type distinctions are all filing characters of different types 3.9 filing criterion a filing principle according to which an order of precedence of filing units is established N
27、OTEFor bibliographic entries the following filing criteria apply: alphabetical, numeric, classified, canonical, arrangements by type distinction, or other specified orders. 3.10 filing entry filing unit at the first and highest filing level. It contains the entire filing information for a bibliograp
28、hic entry in an ordered sequence. Filing entries are distinguished by type, the individual types of filing entries having a specific filing value Examples: a main entry, a reference, a subject entry are all filing entries of different types 3.11 filing hierarchy the arrangement of filing units accor
29、ding to the principle of subordination, by defining filing levels to which the filing units are assigned. The filing units of the different hierarchical levels are distinguished by specific names Examples: in a five-level filing hierarchy, the filing units are, proceeding from highest to lowest: fil
30、ing entry, filing area, filing section, filing word, filing character 3.12 filing level the relative position of a filing unit in a filing hierarchy 3.13 filing qualifier supplementary filing information attached to certain filing units to distinguish filing units which are otherwise identical NOTEF
31、iling qualifiers are in particular attached to filing areas and filing sections. 3.14 filing section filing unit at the third filing level. It is subordinate to the filing area and contains a specific part of it Examples: the surname and the forenames, as parts of the name of a person, are two filin
32、g sections of the personal name filing area 3.15 filing sequence the succession, in a defined order, of filing units below the highest filing level as component parts of the filing entry 3.16 filing signal an indicator which identifies, distinguishes, and/or delimits the different filing units withi
33、n the entire filing information Examples: the following indicators may all serve as filing signals: print or display positions or typographical style, for example the heading; significant punctuation, for example the comma after a surname, indicating the end of a filing section; symbols, for example
34、 for non-filing units; expressions, for example those identifying a see-reference. 3.17 filing unit a defined entity, for filing purposes, which is part of a filing hierarchy. The filing units of the different levels of the filing hierarchy are distinguished by specific names Examples: filing area i
35、s the name for the filing unit at the second-highest filing level; filing character is the name for the filing unit at the lowest filing levelBS6478:1984 BSI 10-1999 3 3.18 filing value the relative position of a filing unit in an order of precedence according to a defined filing criterion 3.19 fili
36、ng word in a five-level filing hierarchy the filing unit at the second-lowest filing level between the filing character and the filing section 3.20 heading a term, derived from a print or display position in the bibliographic entry, which is sometimes used as an equivalent for the first filing area
37、of a filing entry 3.21 letter a filing character, for which the filing criterion is alphabetical order 3.22 non-alphanumeric sign a filing character, for which the filing criterion is neither alphabetic nor numeric, being based on either some other system or on no standard fixed sequence NOTENon-alp
38、hanumeric signs may also be used as significant punctuation. 3.23 non-filing unit a unit within a filing unit of the bibliographic entry that is not considered in filing Examples: the initial article in a title; qualifications, function designators; certain non-alphanumeric signs, for example? or or
39、 #, are non-filing units within filing units. 3.24 number a filing character, for which the filing criterion is the numerical value (applies only to numbers written as numerals) 3.25 numeral a symbol used to represent a number 3.26 numeric order the filing criterion for numbers according to numerica
40、l value 3.27 qualifier supplementary information attached to filing units which may or may not be filing information. Seealso3.13 filing qualifier 3.28 significant punctuation non-alphanumeric signs in bibliographic data which are not part of the filing information as such, but serve as filing signa
41、ls to delimit filing units Example: the comma after the surname is significant punctuation which delimits the filing section of the surname within the personal name filing area 3.29 type distinction a filing criterion according to which the order of precedence is determined by the type of filing uni
42、t Example: if a type distinction is made by type of filing entry, a main entry headed “Shakespeare, William” may be filed before a subject entry headed “Shakespeare, William” 4 Principles of presentation of filing information 4.1 Comprehensiveness The entire filing information which determines the p
43、osition of an item of bibliographic information in a catalogue or bibliography should be indicated, if not explicitly, in the bibliographic entry. If appropriate, filing notices and aids (for example arrangement guides and headings) applicable to groups of entries may be used instead of the explicit
44、 display of all the filing information in individual bibliographic entries which belong to such groups of entries. Examples: In classified order sequences, the class headings may precede the individual bibliographic entries in this class. Selecta uvres choisies thtre choisi Excerpta morceaux choisis
45、 pages choisies textes choisis.BS6478:1984 4 BSI 10-1999 Canonical order sequences may be indicated by the following arrangement guides: Bible Cadre de classement A ditions collectives: polyglottes, bilingues; grec, latin, franais; puis ordre alphabtique des langues. B Ancien Testament: ditions bili
46、ngues; hbreu, aramen, grec, latin, franais; puis ordre alphabtique des langues. C Ancien Testament: groupes de livres et livres spars . G Nouveau Testament: . 4.2 Distinction The individual filing units which are the component parts of the filing information as a whole should be evident either from
47、their position in the bibliographic entry or by other filing signals. 4.3 Order The order in which the individual filing units are arranged to make up the filing sequence that constitutes the entire filing information should be evident from the bibliographic entry. NOTEThe order of filing units need
48、 not be identical to the order of bibliographic elements displayed in the bibliographic entry nor need all elements in the bibliographic entry be considered in filing. 4.4 Filing criteria The filing criteria for the individual units should be made explicit. However, the criteria upon which canonical
49、 and classified arrangements are based (see5.7) need not always be openly expressed in the printed or displayed bibliographic entry if the arrangement is readily comprehensible. 4.5 Form Filing units should be filed in the form in which they appear in the bibliographic entry. If the information as filed does not correspond to the information as printed or displayed, users should be made aware of deviations from this principle by general instructions, references, or explicit indication of filing data. NOTEIf electronic data processes are emp
