1、BS 71213:2017Code of practice for safe use of cranesPart 3: Mobile cranesBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Publishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. The British S
2、tandards Institution 2017Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 93155 053.020.20The following BSI references relate to the work on this document: Committee reference MHE/3/11 Draft for comment 16/30336849 DC Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected BS 71213:201
3、7 BRITISH STANDARD THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 ALL RIGHTS RESERVEDForeword iv1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions 2Figure 1 All-terrain crane 3Figure 2 Crawler crane 3Figure 3 Low-headroom crane 4Figure 4 Mobile self-erecting tower crane 5Figure 5 Road-rail crane 6Figu
4、re 6 Rough-terrain crane 6Figure 7 Spider crane 7Figure 8 Truck-mounted crane 8Figure 9 Yard crane 94 Management of installation and lifting operations 94.1 Safe system of work 94.2 Control of the lifting operation 104.3 Duties of the person appointed to control the lifting operation 11Table 1 Examp
5、le load and environmental hazards associated with lifting operations 12Figure 10 Relationship between complexity index and lift category 13Table 2 Illustration of the categorization of lifts based on environmental and load complexities 145 Planning of the lifting operation 165.1 General 165.2 Risk a
6、ssessment 175.3 Method statement 185.4 Team briefing/induction 195.5 Selection of cranes 195.6 Siting of crane 195.7 Contracts 196 Selection and duties of personnel other than the appointed person 217 Selection of cranes 217.1 General 217.2 Truckmounted crane 227.3 Roughterrain crane 237.4 Allterrai
7、n crane 237.5 Yard crane 237.6 Lowheadroom crane 237.7 Crawler crane 237.8 Spider cranes 247.9 Jib configurations 247.10 Main jib extensions 257.11 Special operations 258 Siting of cranes 268.1 General 268.2 Crane standing or support conditions 26Figure 11 Packing for outriggers/stabilizers 28Figure
8、 12 Position of outrigger mat 298.3 Proximity hazards 29Figure 13 Minimum exclusion zone distances 31Contents PageBRITISH STANDARD BS 71213:2017 THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED I9 Safety 339.1 General 339.2 Modifications and materials 339.3 Identification of person directi
9、ng crane movements 339.4 Personal protective equipment (PPE) and safety equipment 339.5 Work at height 349.6 Access and egress (including emergency escape) 349.7 Fire extinguishers 349.8 Limiting and indicating devices 359.9 Machinery guarding 3510 Crane documentation 3610.1 Rated capacity charts 36
10、10.2 Instruction manuals 3610.3 Reports of thorough examination/test certificates 3610.4 Maintenance records 3611 Rigging and derigging 3611.1 Planning 3611.2 Manufacturers rigging and derigging instructions 3711.3 Identification of components 3711.4 Electrical supply 3712 Procedures and precautions
11、 3712.1 Crane operation 3712.2 Rated capacity 39Figure 14 Control of pendulum swinging of load 4012.3 Mode of operation and control 4012.4 Working on cranes 4112.5 Reporting of defects and incidents 4112.6 Leaving the crane unattended 4113 Preuse checks, maintenance and inspection 4114 Thorough exam
12、ination, including testing 4215 Multiple lifting and lowering 4215.1 General 4215.2 Main factors to be considered when planning multiple lifting 4316 Weather conditions 4416.1 General 4416.2 Wind 4416.3 Visibility 4516.4 Rain or snow/ice 4516.5 Water condition 4517 Outofservice conditions 4517.1 Gen
13、eral 4517.2 Thunderstorms 4517.3 Onsite travel 4517.4 Movement to site 4618 Slinging and handling of loads 4619 Signalling systems 4720 Special applications of cranes 4720.1 General 4720.2 Raising or lowering of personnel 4720.3 Grabbing and magnet crane services 51BS 71213:2017 BRITISH STANDARDII T
14、HE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED20.4 Magnet service 5120.5 Vacuum lifting devices 5120.6 Demolition: balling operations 5120.7 Dynamic compaction 51Annex A (informative) Road-rail cranes 52Figure A.1 Road-rail crane 52Figure A.2 Road-rail crane 52Annex B (informative) Contra
15、ct lift or crane hire 53Figure B.1 Contract options 54Annex C (informative) Loads imposed on the ground by mobile cranes 54Figure C.1 Loadings on a mobile crane 55Figure C.2 Effect of load and position on outrigger loads 56Figure C.3 Effect of load and position on crawler track loads 57Annex D (norm
16、ative) Piling operations 57Annex E (normative) De-rigging operations 59Annex F (normative) Non-recoverable lifts/loads 60Annex G (normative) Mobile cranes mounted on water-borne craft 60Figure G.1 Typical flat top modular pontoon 61Figure G.2 Typical ramp pontoon 62Bibliography 64Summary of pagesThi
17、s document comprises a front cover, and inside front cover, pages i to vi, pages 1 to 65, an inside back cover and a back cover.BRITISH STANDARD BS 71213:2017 THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED IIIForewordPublishing informationThis part of BS 7121 is published by BSI Standard
18、s Limited, under licence from The British Standards Institution, and came into effect on 30 June 2017. It was prepared by Subcommittee MHE/3/11, Crane safety and testing, under the authority of Technical Committee MHE/3, Cranes and derricks. A list of organizations represented on these committees ca
19、n be obtained on request to their secretary.SupersessionThis part of BS 7121 supersedes BS 71213:2000, which is withdrawn.Information about this documentThis part of BS 7121 has been revised to reflect BS 71211:2016.Use of this documentAs a code of practice, this part of BS 7121 takes the form of gu
20、idance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading.Any user claiming compliance with this part of BS 7121 is expected to be able to justify any course of action that deviates fro
21、m its recommendations.It has been assumed in the preparation of this part of BS 7121 that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people, for whose use it has been produced.Relationship with other publicationsBS 71211 provides general recommendati
22、ons for all types of cranes. BS 71212 (all parts) covers inservice inspection, maintenance, thorough examination and testing for the safe use of all types of crane. BS 71213 provides recommendations for mobile cranes. Other parts of BS 7121 deal with the specific crane types as follows: Part 4: Lorr
23、y loaders; Part 5: Tower cranes; Part 11: Offshore cranes; Part 12: Recovery vehicles and equipment; Part 13: Hydraulic gantry lifting systems; Part 14: Side boom pipelayers.BS 7121 has been accepted as representing the consensus of practical experience for safety on cranes.Presentational convention
24、sThe provisions of this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its recommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normat
25、ive element.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.BS 71213:2017 BRITISH STANDARDIV THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 ALL RIGHTS RESERVEDCompliance with a Brit
26、ish Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.In particular, attention is drawn to the following statutory regulations: The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 1; The Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) 1998 2; The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulat
27、ions (PUWER) 1998 3; The Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 2008 (as amended) 4; The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 (RIDDOR) 5; The Road Traffic Act 1991 6; The Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986 (as amended) 7; The Road Vehicles (
28、Authorisation of Special Types) (General) Order 2003 8; The Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 9.NOTE Details of the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 2 and the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 3, together with an HSE Approved Code of Practice and HS
29、E Guidance, are given in HSE publications Safe use of lifting equipment N2 and Safe use of work equipment 10.BRITISH STANDARD BS 71213:2017 THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED VTHIS PAGE DELIBERATELY LEFT BLANKBS 71213:2017 BRITISH STANDARD1 ScopeThis part of BS 7121 provides
30、recommendations for the safe use of mobile cranes (see 3.5) used for a wide variety of lifting operations in numerous locations, and is intended to be used in conjunction with BS 71211, which gives general recommendations for all types of cranes, and BS 71212 (all parts), which gives general guidanc
31、e on inspection, testing and examination of all types of cranes.NOTE Mobile cranes are manufactured in many different forms. Mobility is either by means of wheels or crawler tracks. Cranes can be fully mobile and able to travel with rated capacity loads suspended (pick and carry), or semi-mobile and
32、 not permitted to travel with suspended loads. Semi-mobile cranes include wheeled and crawlermounted cranes, fitted with stabilizers or outriggers; and cranes that, due to size and weight, are taken to the work site in parts and assembled at the site. Cranes that are assembled on site to work from a
33、 fixed base with outriggers are also covered by this part of BS 7121.This part of BS 7121 is not applicable to railmounted cranes, cruciform selferecting tower cranes, cranes covered by other parts of BS 7121, or to the use of cranes:a) for bungee jumping or similar entertainment activities; orb) sp
34、ecifically designed for railway applications; orc) as part of a fully automated storage or production system.While the recommendations in BS 71211 are for planning, management, selection of equipment and personnel, etc., for safe lifting with all types of cranes, this part provides specific recommen
35、dations for safety when dealing with the hazards caused by mobility and the diversity of locations for mobile crane lifting operations.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated
36、references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS 71211:2016, Code of practice for safe use of cranes Part 1: GeneralBS 71212 (all parts), Code of practice for safe use of cranes Part 2: Inspection,
37、 testing and examinationBS 712121:2012, Code of practice for the safe use of cranes Part 2-1: Inspection, maintenance and thorough examination GeneralBS 712123:2012, Code of practice for the safe use of cranes Part 2-3: Inspection, maintenance and thorough examination Mobile cranesBS 7671, Requireme
38、nts for electrical installations IET Wiring RegulationsBS EN 145021, Cranes Equipment for the lifting of persons Part 1: Suspended basketsN1 HEALTH AND SAFETY EXECUTIVE (HSE). Guidance Note GS6, Avoiding danger from overhead power lines, Sudbury, HSE Books, 2013.N2 HEALTH AND SAFETY EXECUTIVE (HSE).
39、 Safe use of lifting equipment. Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998. Approved Code of Practice and guidance L113, Second edition, Sudbury, HSE Books, 2014.N3 HEALTH AND SAFETY EXECUTIVE (HSE). Guidance Note HSG 118, Electrical safety in arc welding, Sudbury, HSE Books, 1994.BRI
40、TISH STANDARD BS 71213:2017 THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2017 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 13 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this part of BS 7121, the terms and definitions given in BS 71211 and the following apply.3.1 familiarizationprocess of ensuring that a trained operator is familiar with
41、 the characteristics of the MCWP they are required to operate where those characteristics differ from machines on which they have been trained3.2 fly jibadditional jib fitted to the main boom tip to extend or offset the reachNOTE 1 The main purpose of the fly jib is to increase the overall length of
42、 the main jib and to thereby increase the effective height of the lift. The fly jib can be set in the same line as the axis of the main jib, or can be offset at a fixed angle. If the fly jib is offset at an angle, the crane can be used to reach in over a structure (effectively increasing the radius)
43、. The greater the angle of offset, the higher the structure that can be negotiated and/or the further the crane can reach in to lift the load; but because of the increased stresses induced at the fly jib attachment point, only a reduced load can be lifted. A fly jib can be extended by insertion of i
44、ntermediate lattice sections, but usually it is of shorter length than the main jib.NOTE 2 Fly jibs can be of telescopic box construction but, because of a relatively high selfweight that can reduce their lifting capacity considerably, these are of limited application only.3.3 freeonwheelsability to
45、 lift loads with a stationary, wheeled crane without the use of outriggers or stabilizers3.4 loadenhancing equipmentequipment fitted to a mobile crane to increase the margin of stability or to reduce the structural stress within the loaded members, allowing the rated capacities for the crane configu
46、ration to be increasedNOTE Load-enhancing equipment may be known by a proprietary name (e.g. “Superlift” 1).3.5 mobile craneselfpowered crane with a boom, which may be fitted on a mast (tower) and capable of travelling laden or unladen, without the need for fixed runways and which relies on gravity
47、for stability, the chassis of the crane not having any capability to carry goodsNOTE 1 Mobile cranes can operate on tyres, crawlers or with other mobile arrangements. In fixed positions, they can be supported by outriggers or other accessories increasing their stability.NOTE 2 The superstructure of
48、mobile cranes can be of the type of full circle slewing, of limited slewing or non-slewing. It is normally equipped with one or more hoists and/or hydraulic cylinders for lifting and lowering the boom and the load.NOTE 3 Mobile cranes can be equipped with telescoped booms (pinned), telescopic booms,
49、 articulated booms, or lattice booms or a combination of these of such a design that they can readily be lowered.NOTE 4 Loads can be handled by hook block assemblies or other load-lifting attachments for special services.SOURCE: BS EN 13000:2010+A1:2014, 3.18, modified1 Superlift is a trade mark owned by Terex South Dakota, Inc., 500 Oakwood Road, Watertown, USA, 57201, and is the trade name of a product su
