1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7403-4: 1998 ISO4548-4: 1997 Full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines Part 4: Methods of test for initial particle retention efficiency, life and cumulative efficiency (gravimetricmethod) ICS 27.020BS7403-4:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared
2、 under the directionof the Engineering SectorBoard, was published underthe authority of the Standards Board and comes intoeffect on 15 March1998 BSI 05-1999 ISBN 0 580 29613 X National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO4548-4:1997 and implements it as the UK national standard. BS
3、7403-4, together with BS7403-1, BS7403-2 and BS7403-3, supersedes BS4836:1972 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee MCE/21, Filters for gases and liquids, to Subcommittee MCE/21/5, Filters for lubricating oil, which has the responsibility to
4、: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organ
5、izations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Stan
6、dards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Stand
7、ard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages1 to18, an inside back cover and abackcover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and m
8、ay have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS7403-4:1998 BSI 05-1999 i Contents Page National foreword Inside front cover Foreword iii Text of ISO 4548-4 1ii blankBS7403-4:199
9、8 ii BSI05-1999 Contents Page Foreword iii Introduction 1 Section 1. General 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Normative references 1 1.3 Definitions 1 1.4 Graphical symbols 1 Section 2. Initial particle retention efficiency 2.1 Operational characteristics to be assessed 2 2.2 Test rig 2 2.3 Test liquids 2 2.4 Test c
10、ontaminant 2 2.5 Test procedure 4 2.6 Test results and calculations 6 2.7 Report of test results for initial particle retention efficiency 6 Section 3. Life and cumulative efficiency 3.1 Operational characteristics to be assessed 8 3.2 Test rig 8 3.3 Periodic checks on equipment 8 3.4 Test liquids 8
11、 3.5 Test contaminant 9 3.6 Test procedure 10 3.7 Test results and calculations 12 3.8 Report of test results for life and cumulative efficiency 13 Annex A (normative) Test parameters for initial particle retention efficiency test 14 Annex B (normative) Method for determining insolubles in test liqu
12、id samples for initial particle retention efficiency 14 Annex C (normative) Test parameters for life and cumulative efficiency test 16 Annex D (normative) Method for determining insolubles in test liquidsamplesforcumulative efficiency 17 Annex E (normative) Details of equipment used in the mixing of
13、testdustandliquid slurry 18 Annex F (informative) Bibliography Inside back cover Figure 1 Filter and mounting block in test position 2 Figure 2 Diagrammatic arrangement of test rig for initial particle retention efficiency test 3 Figure 3 Details of slurry additional vessel 4 Figure 4 Typical initia
14、l particle retention efficiency curve 7 Figure 5 Diagrammatic arrangement of test rig for life and cumulative efficiency test 9 Figure 6 Typical test rig validation graph 12 Figure 7 Graph of cumulative efficiency against grams of contaminant added 13 Figure B.1 Typical fixation apparatus Membrane f
15、ilter holder assembled on vacuum flask 15 Figure E.1 Ultrasonic probe dimensions 18 Figure E.2 Stirrer paddle dimensions 18 Table 1 Test dust grades 2 Descriptors: Internal combustion engines, lubrification systems, oil filters, tests, performance tests, determination, efficiency.BS7403-4:1998 BSI 0
16、5-1999 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject fo
17、r which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on
18、all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least75% of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO
19、4548-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 70, International combustion engines, subcommittee SC7, Tests for lubricating oil filters. ISO 4548 will consists of the following parts, under the general title Method of test for full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines: Pa
20、rt 1: Differential pressure/flow characteristics; Part 2: Elements by-pass component characteristics; Part 3: Resistance to high differential pressure and to elevated temperature; Part 4: Initial particle retention efficiency, life and cumulative efficiency (gravimetric method); Part 5: Cold start s
21、imulation and hydraulic pulse durability test; Part 6: Static burst pressure test; Part 7: Vibration fatigue test; Part 9: Inlet and outlet anti-drain valve tests; Part 10: Life and cumulative efficiency in the presence of water in oil; Part 11: Self-cleaning filters; Part 12: Particle retention abi
22、lity and contaminant holding capacity using particle counting. Annex A, Annex B, Annex C, Annex D and Annex E form an integral part of this part of ISO 4548. Annex F is for information only.iv blankBS7403-4:1998 BSI 05-1999 1 Section 1. General Introduction ISO 4548 establishes standard test procedu
23、res for measuring the performance of full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines. It has been prepared in separate parts, each part relating to a particular performance characteristic. Together the tests provide the information necessary to assess the characteristics of a filte
24、r, but if agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer, the tests may be conducted separately. 1.1 Scope This part of ISO4548 specifies tests for determining the performance of full-flow lubricating oil filters for internal combustion engines as follows. Section 2: Initial particle retention ef
25、ficiency. This gives the test procedures and parameters for the determination of the initial particle retention efficiency of lubricating oil filter elements under defined test conditions. By reporting the results in accordance with subclause2.6, the probable retention efficiency for any particle si
26、ze may be derived. The retention efficiency is determined by the gravimetric method. Section 3: Life and cumulative efficiency. This gives the test procedures and parameters for the determination of element life and cumulative efficiency of lubricating oil filters. The cumulative efficiency is deter
27、mined by the gravimetric method. NOTEBy agreement between filter manufacturer and purchaser, tests on large filters can be conducted on the basis of tests carried out on filters scaled-down in length. The relationship of the filter flow and test dust addition rate to the effective length of the filt
28、er medium should be the same in the scaled-down tests as in the full size filter. For the purposes of this part of ISO4548, a filter having a test flow rate exceeding100 l/min is considered large. 1.2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this te
29、xt, constitute provisions of this part of ISO4548. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO4548 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the s
30、tandards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 1219-1:1991, Fluid power systems and components Graphic symbols and circuit diagrams Part 1: Graphic symbols. ISO 4548-1:, Methods of test for full-flow lubricating oil filters for int
31、ernal combustion engines Part 1: Differential pressure/flow characteristics 1) . ISO 11841-1:, Road vehicles and internal combustion engines Filter vocabulary Part1:Definitions of filters and filter components 2) . ISO 11841-2:, Road vehicles and internal combustion engines Filter vocabulary Part2:D
32、efinitions of characteristics of filters and their components 2) . ISO 12103-1:, Road vehicles Test dust for filter evaluation Part 1: Arizona test dust 2) . ISO 12103-2:, Road vehicles Test dust for filter evaluation Part 2: Aluminium oxide test dust 2) . 1.3 Definitions For the purposes of this pa
33、rt of ISO4548, the definitions given in ISO11841-1 and ISO 11841-2 apply. 1.4 Graphical symbols The graphical symbols used in this part of ISO4548 are in accordance with ISO 1219-1 1 . 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4548-1:1982) 2) To be published.BS7403-4:1998 2 BSI 05-1999 Section 2. Initial
34、 particle retention efficiency 2.1 Operational characteristics to be assessed The main function of the oil filter in engine lubricating oil systems is to prevent the damaging abrasive particles from reaching the bearings and other internal rubbing surfaces. It is generally accepted that particles be
35、tween54m and404m cause the greatest amount of wear and it is therefore important to engine users and manufacturers that any proposed filter is adequate in removing particles within this defined range of sizes on an instantaneous, single-pass basis. This requirement is particularly relevant to filter
36、s fitted to new engines which may contain significant quantities of metallic and other abrasive contaminants accumulated during engine production processes. This test procedure assesses the ability of an oil filter to retain abrasive contaminant, within a defined range of particle sizes, using a gra
37、vimetric method of analysis. 2.2 Test rig 2.2.1 The test rig, shown diagrammatically in Figure 1 and Figure 2, shall include the components indicated together with the necessary tubing connections and supports. 2.2.2 The sump shall be capable of holding a quantity of oil as given in Annex A and shal
38、l be equipped with a thermostatically controlled heater capable of maintaining the test temperature. The heater shall be arranged so that local overheating of the oil is avoided. The by-pass return to the sump and the main filter outlet pipe shall terminate below the surface of the oil in the sump w
39、hen the oil is in circulation. The temperature shall be adjusted so that the stipulated test oil viscosity is maintained within a limit of 3 mm 2 /s 3) . 2.2.3 The pump shall be the pulse-free type. 2.2.4 The two valves 3 and 8 (see Figure 2) shall be used for the purpose of pressure and flow contro
40、l. Needle valves or diaphragm valves are recommended. 2.2.5 The flow-meter 4 shall be suitable for use with oil of24 mm 2 /s kinematic viscosity and shall register the flow in the pipeline leading to the test filter with an accuracy of 2%. 2.2.6 The pressure tapping 14 shall be made at five internal
41、 pipe diameters upstream of the filter inlet port. The filter inlet and outlet pipes shall be straight and free from obstruction for eight internal pipe diameters upstream and13 internal pipe diameters downstream of the filter inlet and outlet ports. 2.2.7 The filter shall be mounted vertically in t
42、he test rig (see Figure 1) in accordance with the requirements of ISO4548-1 to ensure consistency of tests to enable meaningful comparisons to be made. 2.3 Test liquids 2.3.1 The test liquid for these tests shall be a straight mineral oil of ISO VG100 (SAE30) grade or ISO VG150 (SAE 40) grade (see2
43、and3). 2.3.2 The oil shall be used at a kinematic viscosity of24 mm 2 /s 3 mm 2 /s, at approximately74C with ISO VG100 (SAE30) or at approximately83C with ISO VG150 (SAE40). 2.4 Test contaminant 2.4.1 Contaminant grades The grades of aluminium oxide dust 4)given in Table 1 shall be used. The particl
44、e size distribution of the grades of test dust in Table 1 is given in ISO12103-2. Table 1 Test dust grades Figure 1 Filter and mounting block in testposition 3) 1mm 2 /s=1 cSt 4) Suitable fused aluminium oxide test dusts can be obtained from the Motor Industry Research Association, Lindley, Nuneaton
45、, Warwickshire, UK. This information is given for the convenience of users of this part of ISO4548 and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results. Grade 50% mean particle size 4m ISO 12103-M2 6,9 0,
46、5 ISO 12103-M3 13,6 0,9 ISO 12103-M4 30,1 2,3 ISO 12103-M5 54 3BS7403-4:1998 BSI 05-1999 3 Figure 2 Diagrammatic arrangement of test rig for initial particle retention efficiency testBS7403-4:1998 4 BSI 05-1999 2.4.2 Contaminant preparation 2.4.2.1 The dusts are normally supplied in a selection of d
47、ifferent size jars. The dust, in storage, will tend to precipitate and quantities removed from the top of the jars will not be representative of the original particle distribution as defined in2.4.1. To ensure that the dust used meets these requirements, the whole quantity from each jar shall be tho
48、roughly mixed before individual increments are removed for weighing. 2.4.2.2 A sufficient quantity of the particular grade of test dust to be used shall be dried in an oven at a temperature of105C 5 C for at least1 h. The dried dust shall then be stored for use in a desiccator. 2.4.2.3 When required
49、 for use in the test rig a quantity of the particular grade of dust as given in Annex A shall be weighed into a clean beaker and to it shall be added a volume of test liquid equivalent to that of the slurry addition reservoir (see Figure 2, 6). 2.4.2.4 The contents of the beaker shall then be thoroughly mixed by means of a high speed stirrer (see Annex E). 2.4.2.5 Mixing shall proceed for at least1 h immediately prior to placing in the slurry addition reservoir and commenci
