1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 7944:1999 ICS 13.220.1
2、0 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Type 1 heavy duty fire blankets and type 2 heavy duty heat protective blanketsThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Committee, was published under the authority of
3、the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 October 1999 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference FSH/2/13 Draft for comment 98/541115 DC ISBN 0 580 33016 8 BS 7944:1999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Commit
4、tees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee FSH/2, Fire extinguishers, to Subcommittee FSH/2/13, Fire blankets, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Fire Consortium British Leather Confederation Buying
5、Agency Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Fire Extinguishing Trades Association Home Office Institute of Petroleum International Wool Secretariat Loss Prevention Council Maritime and Coastguard Agency Ministry of DefenceBS 7944:1999 BSI 10-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover
6、 Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Type requirements 1 5 Physical requirements 1 6 Functional requirements 2 7 Marking 3 Annex A (normative) Preparation of samples, conditioning, storage, and sequence of testing 4 Annex B (normative) Thermal insulation test 4 Annex C (
7、normative) Hot cutting test 5 Annex D (normative) Electrical resistance test 7 Annex E (normative) Volatile liquid fire 8 Annex F (normative) Cooking oil fire 9 Figure B.1 Sample holder 5 Figure C.1 Hot cutting test apparatus 6 Figure C.2 Arrangement of test specimen and cutting bar 7 Figure D.1 Ele
8、ctrical resistance test apparatus 8 Figure E.1 Volatile liquid fire test apparatus 9 Figure F.1 Cooking oil fire test apparatus 10 Table 1 Type requirements for type 1 and type 2 blankets 1ii BSI 10-1999 BS 7944:1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Fire St
9、andards Committee. It supersedes BS 6575:1985 which is withdrawn. This British Standard gives practical performance tests of the effectiveness of protective blankets in the two principal applications, extinction of small fires and resistance to heat transmission and penetration by hot objects or spa
10、rks. BS 6575 contained requirements for blankets suitable for domestic use, as well as a single type for heavy duty applications. In January 1997 the domestic blanket type was incorporated into EN 1869 which was adopted nationally as BS EN 1869 in April 1997. CEN did not agree to standardize heavy d
11、uty blankets, and so this British Standard was produced to retain national requirements for the heavy duty products. This British Standard classifies heavy duty blankets into two types. The first is a fire blanket that is able to smother two types of fire and provide heat protection. The second is a
12、 heat protective blanket that can prevent injury or damage by heat and molten metal splashes. The specified sizes of the blankets are modified and some changes are made in the fire tests. This edition has also been updated to take into account changes in the other standards referred to. Heat protect
13、ive blankets conforming to the thermal performance requirements are suitable for industrial use to prevent damage or injury to equipment or persons by resisting penetration of molten metal or sparks. These blankets perform a fire prevention function but may not be equally effective at extinguishing
14、a fire. Fire blankets conforming to both types of performance test are considered suitable for industrial or fire service use to provide protection from sparks, molten metal or plastics droplets during emergency cutting operations, etc. These blankets can also be used in kitchens or wherever there m
15、ay be a requirement to extinguish fires in small containers or in clothing worn by persons. The fire blankets covered by this British Standard are intended to be used by a single person in fighting fire, and so the size of blanket that can be handled depends on human size. This size restriction also
16、 limits the size of fire that can be smothered by the blanket. If the fire is too large to allow a considerable overlap of the blanket onto a sealed surface, then other methods of fire fighting (e.g. portable extinguishers, hose reels, sprinkler systems, other automatic extinguishing systems) should
17、 be provided. Extinguishers for cooking fires will be specified in a forthcoming British Standard. Materials for heat protective blankets should be recognized as non-toxic to humans in storage and use. Many fire blankets have previously been made from asbestos. Asbestos blankets are not covered by t
18、his British Standard as they can represent a health hazard to users. In addition to the performance requirements in this standard, it is recommended that blankets are treated, if necessary, to resist attack by micro-organisms and insects throughout the design life. For reusable fire blankets this tr
19、eatment should be able to withstand the recommended washing or cleaning processes. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itsel
20、f confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 10-1999
21、1 BS 7944:1999 Table 1 Type requirements for type 1 and type 2 blankets Characteristic Subclause of this British Standard Type 1 blankets Type 2 blankets Size and shape 5.1 5.1 Mass 5.2 5.2 Hand holding devices 5.3 5.3 Appearance and bi-lateral use 5.4 5.4 Resistance to fraying 5.5 5.5 Flexibility 5
22、.6 5.6 Ease of removal and unpacking 5.7 5.7 Durability of container 5.8 5.8 Thermal insulation 6.2.1 6.2.1 Resistance to hot cutting 6.2.2 6.2.2 Electrical insulation 6.3 6.3 Volatile liquid fire 6.4.1 Cooking oil fire 6.4.2 Reusability 6.5 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for p
23、rotective blankets intended for use by one person in industrial or fire service applications. Two types are specified: type 1: heavy duty fire blankets to protect against the effects of heat and to extinguish small or moderate sized fires; type 2: heavy duty heat protective blankets. This standard d
24、oes not apply to fire or heat protective blankets that: a) are made from asbestos; b) have sides of differing appearance, finish or colour; c) differ in performance depending on which side is used; d) are of metallic sandwich construction. 2 Normative references The following normative documents con
25、tain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this British Standard. For dated references, subsequent amandments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. BS 970-1:1
26、996, Specification for wrought steels for mechanical and allied engineering purposes Part 1: General inspection and testing procedures and specific requirements for carbon, carbon manganese, alloy and stainless steels. BS 970-3:1991, Specification for wrought steels for mechanical and allied enginee
27、ring purposes Part 3: Bright bars for general engineering purposes. BS 3692:1967, ISO metric precision hexagon bolts, screws and nuts Metric units. BS EN 373:1993, Protective clothing Assessment of resistance of materials to molten metal splash. BS EN 532:1995, Protective clothing Protection against
28、 heat and flame Test method for limited flame spread. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 type 1 heavy duty fire blanket heat protective blanket for industrial or fire service applications, able to extinguish fires with a burning area of 0.16
29、 m 2 and combusting up to 5 l of liquid fuel 3.2 type 2 heavy duty heat protective blanket heat protective blanket for industrial or fire service applications that can resist penetration by molten metals ejected from cutting and similar processes and delay any conducted or radiant heat transfer if u
30、sed for insulation 4 Type requirements Type 1 heavy duty fire and type 2 heavy duty heat protective blankets shall conform to the subclauses specified in Table 1. 5 Physical requirements 5.1 Size and shape Type 1 heavy duty fire blankets and type 2 heavy duty heat protective blankets shall be rectan
31、gular or square, with no edge less than 1.5 m or more than 2 m in length.2 BSI 10-1999 BS 7944:1999 5.2 Mass Type 1 heavy duty fire blankets and type 2 heavy duty heat protective blankets shall not exceed 10 kg in mass. 5.3 Hand holding devices Hand holding devices if provided shall not comprise loo
32、ps or pockets and shall not become detached from the blanket during testing in accordance with 5.6, 5.7, 6.2.1, 6.2.2, 6.4.1, 6.4.2 and 6.5. NOTE Careful attention should be paid to the design of any holding device to ensure ease of handling and hand release. 5.4 Appearance and bi-lateral use The tw
33、o sides of a type 1 heavy duty fire blanket and a type 2 heavy duty heat protective blanket shall be of similar appearance, finish or colour and shall give the same results when tested in accordance with 5.6, 5.7, 6.2.1, 6.2.2, 6.4.1, 6.4.2 and 6.5. NOTE It is essential that either side of the blank
34、et can be exposed to the fire or other hazard with equal effectiveness, and also that it is clear in an emergency which side of the blanket should be applied to the fire or hazard. 5.5 Resistance to fraying The edges of type 1 heavy duty fire blankets and type 2 heavy duty heat protective blankets s
35、hall not fray or tear during testing in accordance with 5.6, 5.7, 6.4.1, 6.4.2 and 6.5. 5.6 Flexibility Blankets shall be able to be rolled along any axis completely around a 50 mm diameter bar without permanent deformation. 5.7 Ease of removal and unpacking Blankets shall be stowed or packed so tha
36、t they can be taken out, unfolded, and held ready for use in not more than 4 s. The force required to remove the blanket from its container (if used) shall not exceed 80 N. NOTE Blankets may conveniently be installed for use by mounting containers on wall brackets at about eye level. 5.8 Durability
37、of container Blanket containers and any wall mountings shall not display any damage after performing the packing and unpacking cycles specified in 6.5. 6 Functional requirements 6.1 Test conditions and preparation of samples Unless specified otherwise, carry out tests at (20 10)8C using blankets con
38、ditioned as specified in annex A. Test blankets that include a seam both on and off the seam (in the most unfavourable condition for tests on the seam). Carry out tests with a single thickness of blanket. NOTE Lap joints can trap hot particles in the cutting test if facing upwards. 6.2 Thermal perfo
39、rmance 6.2.1 Thermal insulation There shall be no damage (including smoothing or modification of embossing on the surface) to PVC simulated skin, or ignition of the blanket when tested for thermal insulation in accordance with annex B. Test one blanket at three points (two on one side and one on the
40、 other). The blanket shall pass all three tests. 6.2.2 Resistance to hot cutting There shall be no damage, including smoothing or modification of the embossing on the surface, to the PVC simulated skin, or ignition of the blanket when tested for resistance to the effects of hot cutting in accordance
41、 with annex C. One blanket shall be tested at three points (two on one side and one on the other). The blanket shall pass all three tests. 6.3 Electrical insulation The electrical resistance of the blanket material shall be at least 1 MV at any point measured in accordance with annex D. Three blanke
42、ts shall be tested. 6.4 Fire performance tests 6.4.1 Volatile liquid fire Type 1 heavy duty fire blankets shall be able to extinguish the volatile liquid fire specified in annex E. Perform one test each on three type 1 heavy duty fire blankets. Each blanket shall pass the test and shall remain whole
43、 and not ignite during the test. 6.4.2 Cooking oil fire Type 1 heavy duty fire blankets shall be able to extinguish the cooking oil fire specified in annex F. Perform one test each on three blankets. Each blanket shall pass the test and shall remain whole and not ignite during the test. 6.5 Reusabil
44、ity After cleaning in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, reusable blankets (see 6.1) shall be able to extinguish the volatile liquid fire specified in annex E. Test three blankets once each on the test fire, cleaning or washing once in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, and
45、 subjecting each to 10 cycles of the following: a) folding; b) repacking into the container or other original form; c) replacing in any wall mounting installation (see 4.7); d) unpacking and using the blanket on a second test fire. Use the same part of each blanket to cover both fires (before and af
46、ter cleaning). All three blankets shall extinguish both fires. BSI 10-1999 3 BS 7944:1999 1) Marking BS 7944:1999 on or in relation to a product is a claim by the manufacturer that the product conforms to the standard. The accuracy of this claim is therefore the responsiblity of the manufacturer. En
47、quiries as to the availability of third party certification to support such claims should be addressed to The Director, Quality Assurance Division, BSI, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL, for certification marks administered by BSI, or to the appropriate authority for other certification marks.
48、7 Marking 7.1 Blanket Each type 1 heavy duty fire blanket and type 2 heavy duty heat protective blanket shall be marked with the following: a) “type 1 heavy duty fire blanket” or “type 2 heavy duty heat protective blanket”, as appropriate; b) “reusable”, if appropriate; c) the name and address of th
49、e manufacturer or vendor; d) the information specified in 7.3, or wording relating the blanket to the container and/or instruction sheet; e) the number and date of this British Standard, i.e. BS 7944:1999 1) . 7.2 Containers for type 1 heavy duty fire blankets Containers, if used, shall be marked “fire blanket”, in white letters at least 15 mm high on a rectangular red background. The letter style shall be Helvetica Medium. NOTE This is in general agreement with the requirements for information signs specified in BS 5499-1. If containers are
