1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsWB9423_BSI_StandardColCov_noK_AW:BSI FRONT COVERS 5/9/08 12:55 Page 1Event stewarding and crowd safety Code of practiceBS 8406:2009BS 8406:2009 BRITISH STANDARDPublishing and copyrig
2、ht informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 65635 4ICS 03.100.30; 13.200The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference GW/3 Draft for comment 09/30194296 DCPublication his
3、toryFirst published October 2003Second (present) edition, September 2009Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affected BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 iBS 8406:2009ContentsForeword ii1 Scope 12 Terms and definitions 13 Service provider 24 Site survey 35 Contracts and records 46 Risk assessments 57
4、Planning and organization 68 Staffing 79 Training and development 9AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Relevant vocational qualifications 13Bibliography 15List of tablesTable A.1 Vocational qualifications for event stewards and supervisors 14Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside
5、front cover, pages i to ii, pages 1 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover.BS 8406:2009ii BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARDForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is published by BSI and came into effect on 30 September 2009. It was prepared by Technical Committee GW/3, Manned security serv
6、ices. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.SupersessionThis British Standard supersedes BS 8406:2003, which is withdrawn.Information about this documentAttention is drawn to the Private Security Industry Act (PSIA), 2001 1, which contains
7、provisions for regulating the private security industry, including security guarding. A person falling within the definition of providing security industry services under the PSIA 2001 1 is required to be licensed in accordance with that Act.1)Attention is also drawn to legislation including the Hea
8、lth and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 2, Data Protection Act 1998 3, Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974 4, Race Relations Act 1976 5, Carers (Equal Opportunities) Act 2004 6 and Employment Act 2008 7.Use of this documentAs a code of practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and rec
9、ommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading.Any user claiming compliance with this British Standard is expected to be able to justify any course of action that deviates from its recomme
10、ndations.Presentational conventionsThe provisions in this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its recommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented in smaller italic type
11、, and does not constitute a normative element.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligation
12、s.1)The Act can be found online at http:/the-sia.org.uk.BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 1BS 8406:20091 ScopeThis British Standard gives recommendations for the infrastructure, staffing, operation and management of organizations providing event stewarding and crowd safety at either indoor or outdoor events
13、.The recommendations of this British Standard do not apply to the provision of security services such as static site guarding and mobile patrol services, and door supervisors.NOTE Recommendations for static site guarding and mobile patrol services, and door supervisors are given in BS 7499 and BS 79
14、60 respectively.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purpose of this British Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.2.1 control roomlocation where operational procedures are monitored and/or managed2.2 crowd managementsystematic planning for, and supervision of, orderly movement, assembly and
15、 dispersal of peopleNOTE Crowd management involves the assessment of the people handling capabilities of a space prior to its use. It includes: evaluation of projected levels of occupancy; adequacy of means of ingress and egress; processing procedures, such as assisting and directing members of the
16、public; expected types of activities and group behaviour; evaluation of crowd dynamics and crowd safety.2.3 customerindividual, organization or company that employs a service provider to carry out the stewarding and crowd safety at an event2.4 eventorganized gathering of the public, whether on payme
17、nt or otherwise, in the open air, under cover, or indoors2.5 event stewardindividual responsible for crowd management and safety at an event, and for assisting the police or other emergency services, if necessaryNOTE This might or might not be a licensable role. Attention is drawn is to the Private
18、Security Industry Act (PSIA) 2001 1.2.6 service providercompany, local authority, organization, institution or individual providing event stewarding and crowd safety2.7 sitelocation where an event is taking place which can be a venue with identifiable boundaries and can also include public spaces wi
19、th no such boundariesBS 8406:20092 BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARD3 Service provider3.1 Company structure and management3.1.1 The service provider should possess a clearly defined management structure, with effective control and accountability at each level of the operation.NOTE Attention is drawn to the E
20、mployment Act 2008 7.3.1.2 The service provider should possess and implement a current health and safety policy that contains:a) a signed and dated policy statement;b) a clearly defined health and safety management structure;c) the arrangements for health and safety within the service providers orga
21、nization.The service provider should be prepared to submit this policy for examination by relevant interested parties.3.1.3 The service provider should prepare certified annual accounts, with complete details of expenditure and income, and should be prepared to submit these for examination by releva
22、nt interested parties.3.1.4 The service provider should be able to provide two years certified trading accounts, unless it is:a) a service provider starting in business as a subsidiary of an established company; orb) a new service provider whose managers are experienced in event stewarding and safet
23、y, and can prove that they have adequate financial backing and resources.3.1.5 The names of all principals and managers of the service provider should be established, and curriculum vitae should be available for each. 3.1.6 Any unspent criminal convictions or undischarged bankruptcy of a principal o
24、r director should be disclosed on request from relevant interested parties.3.1.7 The service provider should operate a complaints management system.NOTE BS ISO 10002 provides guidance on such systems.3.2 Insurance The service provider should possess insurance cover commensurate with the services pro
25、vided and the number of persons employed, e.g. public liability, contractual, employers liability, vehicle insurance and fidelity guarantee.3.3 Premises The service provider should have an administrative office(s) and/or operational centre(s) where records, professional and business documents, certi
26、ficates, correspondence, files and other documents necessary for conducting business transactions should be kept in a secure manner. The location of records and documentation, both local and centralized, should be clearly defined by the service provider.BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 3BS 8406:2009Informa
27、tion stored in an electronic format should be regularly backed-up. The back-up copies should be stored safely in an environment that preserves the integrity, and allows the retrieval, of the information.NOTE Further information on the management of electronic data can be found in BS ISO/IEC 27001 an
28、d BS ISO/IEC 27002. Advice on the storage of electronic media can be found in BS 5454.Details of the address of the administration office should be on all the service providers headed notepaper, invoices, contracts and business cards.3.4 Sale of servicesThe service provider should provide the follow
29、ing information upon request, to any prospective customer:a) the name of the service provider, the address(es) and telephone number(s) of its office(s);b) the names of the principal(s) and the manager(s) of the service provider, and of the person to contact for further information;c) membership of a
30、ny relevant trade associations and claims of compliance with relevant industry standards and/or British Standards and statutory requirements; d) the date when the service provider formed the present organization and of previous and/or subsidiary organizations, with their registered names;e) an organ
31、ization chart, number of employees, employee qualifications or registration, and the number of personnel engaged solely on supervisory duties;f) details of uniform, personal identification and equipment supplied to employees of the service provider and any identifying insignia used upon these;g) the
32、 means of communication between personnel whilst they are on duty;h) the terms and conditions of staff engaged in event stewarding and crowd safety duties (see 8.2 and 8.3);NOTE Attention is drawn to the PSIA 2001 1.i) the type and extent of public liability and other relevant insurance cover;j) rel
33、evant references concerning the work of the service provider;k) details of complaints procedures (see 3.1.7).4 Site surveyThe service provider should carry out in advance a survey of the site and might refer to any existing documentation, including risk assessments and plans.The site survey should b
34、e such as to enable the service provider to advise the customer of their ability to provide the service requested.BS 8406:20094 BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARDWhere a service provider accepts a crowd management role, the site survey should consider the following items:a) staffing levels;b) staff screening
35、requirements (see 8.1);c) safe methods of ingress and egress;d) access and facilities for disabled and special needs;e) emergency egress and ingress;f) control room;g) means of communication;h) control of localized density;i) cultural behaviour;j) welfare services;k) audience profile;l) artist or ev
36、ent profile;m) public arrival;n) camping and accommodation;o) ground conditions;p) perimeter fencing/walls;q) ticketing/access control systems;r) lighting;s) noise levels;t) capacity;u) size of site;v) duration of event;w) temporary structures;x) briefing areas;y) emergency liaison team (ELT);z) pre
37、mises licensing requirements.These items should form the basis of the event documentation.NOTE This list is not exhaustive.5 Contracts and records5.1 A clear written contract between the service provider and the customer should be produced and signed by both parties. The contract should include:a) t
38、he terms, conditions, responsibilities and any undertakings of the work to be carried out by the service provider;b) the liabilities of the service provider, which should not be unlimited, other than by law;c) the obligation of the service provider to maintain confidentiality with respect to fulfill
39、ing the contract;d) the price of the service;e) start and finish dates/times.BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 5BS 8406:20095.2 The contract should be agreed, signed and exchanged before services are provided, where practicable.The service provider should keep a copy of the contract and should ensure that t
40、he customer receives a copy.5.3 Records relating to any of the following should be maintained for seven years:a) contracts;b) staffing levels;c) policies, e.g. health and safety policy and crowd safety policy;d) risk assessments;e) training;f) minutes of customer and service provider meetings;g) ope
41、rational plan/method statement;h) details of any incidents and accident reports;i) complaints;j) event logs.Insurance schedules should be retained for ten years.NOTE Records may be maintained either in hard copy or electronically (see 3.3). 6 Risk assessmentsThe service provider should ensure suitab
42、le and sufficient documented risk assessments are carried out in accordance with the contractual obligations, and made available at all times.Risk assessments should be conducted by a competent person(s) prior to the event and should be kept under review throughout the whole event period. NOTE 1 Pot
43、ential hazards can be created by, for example: the weather, crowd dynamics, unsafe structures and any unexpected change in circumstances at or near the event.NOTE 2 Within the context of crowd safety, risk assessment is the process of identifying hazards and assessing the risk of harm or loss threat
44、ened by a hazard, considering the likelihood and severity.The principal steps to risk assessment are as follows:a) identify the various hazards associated with the site and/or events activities;b) identify those people who are at risk, who might be harmed and how;c) evaluate the risks and decide if
45、the existing precautions are adequate or can be improved;d) record all findings, recommendations and remedial actions implemented;e) review the assessment and revise as necessary.NOTE 3 BS 6079-3 gives guidance on risk management.BS 8406:20096 BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARD7 Planning and organization7.1 G
46、eneralBased upon the site survey and risk assessment, and in liaison with the customer, the service provider should prepare, implement and manage an operational plan/method statement detailing how they will achieve their legal and contractual obligations. The service provider should consider liaisin
47、g with the emergency services.7.2 Operational plan/method statementThe operational plan/method statement should include details of:a) roles and responsibilities;b) specific tasks to be undertaken;c) training requirements;d) Security Industry Authority (SIA) licensing requirements;e) involvement with
48、 other agencies;f) health and safety requirements;g) contingency planning (see 7.3);h) event regulations;i) dress code (see 8.4);j) control room requirements, where applicable;k) radio etiquette and code words see 9.3g);l) specific issues identified from the site survey and risk assessments.NOTE Thi
49、s list is not exhaustive.7.3 Contingency planEvents should have a contingency plan. The contingency plan should be based on the size, complexity and risks of the event.NOTE The contingency plan might include:a) liaison with other agencies;b) the role of the emergency liaison team;c) assessment(s) of any risk;d) alert and emergency procedures;e) priorities in terms of allocating resource;f) plans for a return to normality.This list is not exhaustive.BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 7BS 8406:20097.4 Control roomThe service provider
