1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 8425:2003 Code of practice for installation of laminate floor coverings ICS 91.180; 97.150 BS 8425:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 7 July 2003 BSI 7 July 2003 The following BSI references relate to the
2、 work on this British Standard: Committee reference PRI/60 Draft for comment 03/100121 DC ISBN 0 580 42114 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to PRI/60, Resilient floor coverings, upon which the following bodies were represented:
3、 British Adhesives and Sealants Association British Railways Board Contract Flooring Association Cork Industry Federation Health and Safety Executive Industrial Cleaning Machine Manufacturers Association Institute of Chartered Arbitrators RAPRA Technology Ltd SATRA Technology Centre UK Cleaning Prod
4、ucts Industry Association United Kingdom Resilient Flooring Association Wood Panel Industries Federation Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS 8425:2003 BSI 7 July 2003 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1S c o p e 1 2 Normative references 1
5、3T e r m s a n d d e f i n i t i o n s 1 4 Exchange of information 2 5 Sub-floors 3 6M a t e r i a l s 8 7I n s t a l l a t i o n 9 8C o m p l e t i o n 1 1 Annex A (normative) Dampness testing 12 Figure A.1a) Typical apparatus using hygometer 14 Figure A.1b) Typical apparatus using rh probe 15BS 84
6、25:2003 ii BSI 7 July 2003 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee PRI/60. As a code of practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure
7、that claims of compliance are not misleading. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages Thi
8、s document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 15 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.BS 8425:2003 BSI 7 July 2003 1 1 Scope This British Standard gives recommendations for the instal
9、lation of laminate floor coverings in new or existing buildings. Generally, laminate floor coverings are installed as floating floors but, in some applications, they can be integrally glued to the subfloor. This British Standard only details suitable methods for floating floor installation and advis
10、es on the selection of materials required for their implementation. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced doc
11、ument (including any amendments) applies. BS 7916, Code of practice for the selection and application of particleboard, oriented strand board (OSB), cement bonded particle board and wood fibre boards for specific purposes. BS 7953, Entrance flooring systems Selection, installation and maintenance. B
12、S 8102, Code of practice for protection of structures against moisture from the ground. BS 8204-1:2002, Screeds, bases and in-situ floorings Part 1: Concrete bases and cement sand levelling screeds to receive floorings Code of practice. BS EN 204, Classification of thermoplastic wood adhesives for n
13、on-structural applications. BS EN 13329, Laminate floor coverings Specifications, requirements and test methods. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 fabricated substrate manufactured board made from wood, wood particles or
14、 wood fibres in sheet form, gypsum, etc. to provide suitable a surface to receive the specified floor covering 3.2 screed layer of well compacted material, commonly a mixture of cement and aggregate, applied in situ to a concrete base at the appropriate thickness 3.3 levelling layer layer of compact
15、ed material, applied in situ to a sound base or screed where there is a need to raise the level of the floor surface to level a floor that is out of true, or to give a uniform absorbency where water-based adhesives are to be used 3.4 underlayment thin layer of compacted material, applied in situ to
16、a sound base, screed or substrate to provide a suitable finish to receive adhesive, the underlay or floor covering 3.5 flowing screed in situ applied material that sets hydraulically or by chemical cure NOTE It is normally a proprietary compound to be used in accordance with manufacturers recommenda
17、tions. It is poured or pumped directly to the concrete slab to form a smooth level surface, ready to receive most floor coveringsBS 8425:2003 2 BSI 7 July 2003 3.6 anhydrite screed formulated flowing screed based on calcium sulfate 3.7 membrane thin flexible sheet, at least 0.15 mm thick, for exampl
18、e of polythene, that is placed directly onto the surface of the mineral subfloor to protect the laminate floor covering from residual damp 4 Exchange of information 4.1 General In order for the correct floor covering to be installed in appropriate conditions, at the right time, etc., it is essential
19、 that all parties have a clear understanding of the requirements of the project, e.g. new build or refurbishment, and of the implications for all concerned. To ensure that this is achieved, it is essential that there is wide consultation between all parties involved in the project, including sub-con
20、tractors and materials suppliers. This consultation should start early in the design stage but will be necessary throughout the contract, especially should requirements or time scales change and as new sub-contract work is initiated. As each project will be unique, it is impossible to give a definit
21、ive list of the information to be exchanged, but the following (4.2 to 4.9) are typical examples. 4.2 Project The name and location of projects and personnel involved in pre-contract negotiations should be identified. 4.3 Contract conditions A programme for commencement and completion of work should
22、 be defined, including any specific requirement for sequenced completion. 4.4 Special attendance Access, unloading, hoisting and storage facilities, heat, light and power and any additional items considered necessary to expedite the work should be provided. 4.5 Design 4.5.1 General The following lay
23、out and specifications, based on building type and occupational uses, should be provided: a) type of use: building, rooms; b) type and density of foot and/or wheeled traffic; c) specific requirements: fire resistance period, acoustic absorption level; d) particulars of use: staining, potentially abr
24、asive conditions. 4.5.2 Floor details The completed drawings/specification should provide comprehensive information on: a) whether upper floor, ground floor or below ground level; b) whether ground-supported or suspended construction; c) particulars of any under floor heating installation or securit
25、y installation; d) position and treatment of expansion joints; e) curing and drying times of screeds and bases likely to be required before the installation of floor coverings; f) screed or base with finished floor level, permissible departure from datum and class of surface regularity required;BS 8
26、425:2003 BSI 7 July 2003 3 g) in refurbished work, the type and condition of existing base or floor finish and any type of treatment required; h) type of damp-proof membrane and position within the floor construction, in particular, the need for surface applied membrane where likely drying times for
27、 the base exceed time available in the programme; i) choice of substrate, underlayment, adhesives, intermediate products and floor covering; j) requirements for jointing e.g. direction of material or the position and type of expansion joint profiles; k) size, position and design of barrier zones. 4.
28、5.3 Barrier zone Entrance flooring systems should be used to reduce the dirt, grit and water carried into the building by foot traffic, hence they will reduce wear and the risk of slipping when the building is in service. The size, position and design of the barrier zone should be considered at the
29、design stage, but preferably should be a minimum of three metres to be effective. Barrier zones should conform to BS 7953. 4.5.4 Associated details Details of abutments, skirtings, services (embedded or sleeved), movement joints, separating strips, pattern or border details and junction with other a
30、djacent flooring should be provided. 4.6 Testing Details of any conformity testing of the base, screed, floor covering, etc. that is to be conducted and the party which is to be responsible for this testing should be given. The implications of this also should be considered in 4.3. For instance, it
31、is essential that the responsibility is defined for ensuring that bases or screeds meet the specified standards of level, smoothness, dryness and soundness (impact crushing resistance) before any subsequent or finishing trades are called to commence work. In most circumstances, this should be the re
32、sponsibility of the main contractor. 4.7 Health and safety Arrangements for liaison and cooperation on health and safety requirements between the different parties in the contract should be established. 4.8 Responsibilities Responsibilities for cleaning the construction on completion and giving it i
33、nitial protection should be defined. 4.9 Maintenance The customer should be left with adequate details of the maintenance required to enable the floor covering to perform satisfactorily in use. The recommendations should include details of the various types of cleaning and maintenance needed and the
34、 time scales at which they should be carried out. It is preferable that such instructions should be in clear, written form and cover the recommended maintenance methods appropriate for all the types of floor coverings installed. 5 Sub-floors 5.1 General The appearance and performance of the floor co
35、verings covered by this British Standard are determined to a large extent by the quality of the prepared base or screed. Those responsible for the design and construction of the subfloor should ensure that it meets the requirements, i.e. should ensure that it has the necessary characteristics to all
36、ow the floor covering to be installed successfully before the installer of the floor covering is asked to commence work. These characteristics include: a) regularity of concrete floors and screeds; b) moisture content of concrete floors and screed. (These should be determined using the test method g
37、iven in Annex A); c) integrity of screeds;BS 8425:2003 4 BSI 7 July 2003 d) cracks made good; e) construction joints treated; f) gaps and changes of level; g) moisture content of wooden subfloors; h) presence of asbestos in an existing floor covering. 5.2 Materials 5.2.1 Fabricated substrates Fabric
38、ated substrates may be selected from the following: a) plywood; b) particle board (the board should not have any surface treatment which might affect adhesion); c) oriented strand board (OSB) d) fibreboard (e.g. hardboard, MDF); e) gypsum board; f) others. The strength and construction of the fabric
39、ated substrate should be able to function in use without swelling, delaminating or disintegration. 5.2.2 Cementitious based substrates (levelling layer) A levelling layer is used where a conventional sand/cement screed is considered unsuitable because of thickness or other limitations. The levelling
40、 layer may be a cementitious underlay consisting of a specifically formulated blend of cement and binder and both fine and coarse aggregates. The binder is commonly a natural rubber latex or synthetic polymer. 5.2.3 Anhydrite screed After it has been laid, it is essential that the surface is sanded
41、to remove laitance. It is essential to provide a barrier primer before cement based products are laid over the anhydrite and it is preferable to prime where flooring adhesives are to be applied. The screed manufacturer should be contacted for advice regarding primers. 5.2.4 Underlayments Underlaymen
42、ts may be selected from the following: a) cementitious underlayment consisting of a specially formulated blend of cement, binder and fine aggregate. The binder is commonly a natural rubber or synthetic polymer dispersion; b) powder/water mixes based on casein/cement or polymer/cement and fine aggreg
43、ate; c) epoxy or other resin compounds (e.g. primer); d) compatible underlayments that are available for direct contact with an anhydrite screed. 5.2.5 Edging, dividing strips and nosings Edging, dividing strips and nosings are available in wood, metal and plastics. These may be used between similar
44、 or dissimilar types, thickness or colours of floor covering, at door openings, or to act as a finish to a floor edge. 5.2.6 Adhesives The adhesive selected should be considered at the design stage because it can influence the performance during installation, in use, or later during removal. The rec
45、ommendations of the floor covering manufacturer and adhesive manufacturers should be taken into account and followed precisely if they are specific as to the type of adhesive which should be used.BS 8425:2003 BSI 7 July 2003 5 5.3 Concrete and screed bases 5.3.1 General The subfloor should be constr
46、ucted in accordance with the recommendations given in BS 8204-1:2002. 5.3.2 Surface treatments 5.3.2.1 General These treatments are not recommended in general but, in some specific situations, they can give good solutions. 5.3.2.2 Chemical hardening solutions Chemical hardening solutions and resinou
47、s seals may be used on bases and screeds, but there is a risk of interaction between the hardener and the floor covering adhesives. In cases where they have been used, it is essential that the treated surfaces are mechanically removed. 5.3.2.3 Curing membranes Curing membranes can affect adhesion an
48、d should be mechanically removed. 5.3.2.4 Power floating/power trowelling off directly finished concrete Power floating/power trowelling of directly finished concrete can affect adhesion and the advice of the adhesive manufacturer should be sought regarding the specification for surface preparation.
49、 5.3.3 Regularity of subfloors The evenness of the laminate flooring installation will be determined by the surface regularity of the subfloor. Tolerances recommended by different manufacturers vary but, generally, the maximum permissible departure of the surface of the subfloor from the underside of a three metre straight edge resting in contact with the subfloor should be three millimetres. 5.4 Moisture content of the subfloor 5.4.1 General New work carried out in accordance with BS 8204-1:200
