1、Respiratory protective devices for use against chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) agentsPart 3.1: Self-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus incorporating a hood for escape SpecificationBS 8468-3.1:2009raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSIO
2、N EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsBS 8468-3.1:2009 BRITISH STANDARDPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2009 ISBN 978 0 580 58730 6ICS 11.040.10The following BSI references re
3、late to the work on this standard: Committee reference PH/4 Draft for comment 09/30164455 DCPublication historyFirst published April 2009Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affected BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 iBS 8468-3.1:2009ContentsForeword ii1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and de
4、finitions 14 Description 15 Classification 26 Requirements 27 Marking 38 Information supplied by the manufacturer 3AnnexesAnnex A (normative) Test method for chemical agent permeation and penetration resistance against distilled sulfur mustard (HD) and sarin (GB) 4Annex B (normative) Relationship be
5、tween this British Standard and the Basic Safety Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC Personal Protective Equipment 9Bibliography 10List of figuresFigure A.1 Schematic diagram of HD agent droplet placement on hood and supply hose 7Figure A.2 Schematic diagram of HD agent droplet placement between
6、 hood and cylinder thread 8List of tablesTable 1 Maximum acceptable levels of permeation and penetration 2Table A.1 Air supply characteristics for chemical agent permeation and penetration resistance test method 4Table A.2 Airflow characteristics for chemical agent permeation and penetration resista
7、nce test method 6Table B.1 Basic Safety requirements for PPE Comparison between the PPE Directive, Annex II and BS 8468-3.1 9Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover.BS 8468-3.1:2009ii BSI 2009BR
8、ITISH STANDARDForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard was published by BSI and came into effect on 30 April 2009. It was prepared by Technical Committee PH/4, Respiratory protection. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Relatio
9、nship with other publicationsWhen finished, BS 8468 will be issued in eight parts: Part 1: Positive pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus Specification; Part 2: Negative pressure air purifying devices with full face mask Specification; Part 3.1: Self-contained open-circuit compressed air brea
10、thing apparatus incorporating a hood for escape Specification; Part 3.2: Air-purifying devices incorporating a hood for escape Specification; Part 4: Powered air-purifying respirators Specification; Part 5: Dual-mode apparatus Specification; Part 6: Positive-pressure compressed airline equipment Spe
11、cification; Part 7: Closed-circuit breathing apparatus Specification.Information about this documentRecent changes in international politics have given rise to a threat from weapons previously expected to be confined to military operations. In the event that they are used against civilian targets, e
12、mergency and support agencies will need suitable PPE.Presentational conventionsThe provisions of this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its requirements are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “shall”.Commentary, explanation and general informative mate
13、rial is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cann
14、ot confer immunity from legal obligations.BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 1BS 8468-3.1:20091 ScopeThis standard applies to self-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus incorporating a hood intended to be used only during escape by emergency responders (fire, ambulance, police) and adult
15、civilians from areas contaminated by chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) agents. It contains requirements for designation, classification, testing and marking of the device.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this docume
16、nt. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS EN 132, Respiratory protective devices Definitions of terms and pictogramsBS EN 134, Respiratory protective devices Nomenclature of co
17、mponentsBS EN 1146:2005, Respiratory protective devices Self-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus incorporating a hood for escape Requirements, testing, markingBS EN 12021, Respiratory protective devices Compressed air for breathing apparatusBS EN 13274-1, Respiratory protective
18、 devices Methods of test Part 1: Determination of inward leakage and total inward leakage3 Terms and definitionsFor the purpose of this British Standard the terms and definitions defined in BS EN 132 and BS EN 134 and the following apply.3.1 hoodrespiratory interface that completely covers the head
19、and neck and may also cover portions of the shoulders and torso4 DescriptionSelf-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus incorporating a hood are devices designed and constructed to enable the wearer to breathe air supplied to a hood, covering at least the head and neck, from a pre
20、ssure vessel(s) via a pressure reducer giving a continuous flow of air, or via a lung demand valve connected to the hood. The exhaled air passes without re-circulation from the hood via an exhalation valve(s) or other outlet to the ambient atmosphere.This apparatus typically comprises pressure vesse
21、l(s), body harness, pressure indicator(s), warning device (optional), connecting hoses and tubes and a hood.BS 8468-3.1:20092 BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARD5 ClassificationCompressed air escape apparatus with hood are classified according to the rated working duration in accordance with BS EN 1146:2005, C
22、lause 5, except that the rated working duration starts with 15 min as a minimum and with no defined maximum, and the CBRN requirements of this standard, e.g. “class 15 CBRN”.6 Requirements6.1 GeneralThe complete device for use against CBRN agents shall be self-contained open-circuit compressed air b
23、reathing apparatus incorporating a hood conforming to BS EN 1146:2005 and to the additional requirements specified in 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4 of this standard.In all tests, all test samples shall meet the requirements.6.2 Inward leakageThe maximum inward leakage shall be G 0.05% when tested as a complete s
24、ystem in accordance with BS EN 13274-1:2001 8.4 with ten test subjects.6.3 Chemical agent permeation and penetrationDevices shall be resistant to chemical agents up to the maximum levels given in Table 1 when tested in accordance with Annex A.Table 1 Maximum acceptable levels of permeation and penet
25、rationAgent Maximum acceptable peak excursionC)Maximum acceptable breakthrough (concentration integrated over minimum service life) D), E)mg/m3mgmin/m3Distilled sulfur mustard (HD) (vapour)A)0.60 6.0Distilled sulfur mustard (HD) (liquid)A)0.60 6.0Sarin (GB) (vapour)B)0.087 0.9 for durations G 30 min
26、2.1 for durations 30 minA)Vapour challenge concentration will start immediately after the liquid drops have been applied and the test chamber has been sealed.B)Vapour challenge concentration will start immediately after the test chamber has been sealed.C)Three sequential test data points, with sampl
27、e times of two minutes, at or above the maximum peak excursion level constitute a failure.D)The cumulative concentration including all maximum peak excursion data points cannot be exceeded for the duration of the test.E)Devices are monitored in the oral/nasal and ocular regions.BRITISH STANDARD BSI
28、2009 3BS 8468-3.1:20096.4 DonningWhen meeting BS EN 1146:2005 6.9, the time to don the device from the ready-to-use configuration shall be no greater than 30 s. NOTE The ready-to-use configuration is the operational packaging state prior to use such that immediately upon opening allows the user to d
29、on the device.7 Marking7.1 Marking shall be in accordance with BS EN 1146:2005.7.2 In addition, each device conforming to this standard shall be permanently marked with the designation and year of this standard, plus classification of the device, e.g. BS 8468-3.1:2009, class 15 CBRN.7.3 Sub-assembli
30、es and components with considerable bearing on CBRN performance shall be marked so that they can be identified.8 Information supplied by the manufacturer8.1 The information supplied shall be in accordance with BS EN 1146:2005.8.2 The information shall explain the markings listed in Clause 7.8.3 The
31、information shall describe suitable procedures for decontamination and disposal.BS 8468-3.1:20094 BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARDAnnex A (normative) Test method for chemical agent permeation and penetration resistance against distilled sulfur mustard (HD) and sarin (GB)NOTE This method is based on a method
32、 developed and described in NIOSH Procedure No. RCT-CBRN-STP-0550 1, NIOSH Procedure No. RCT-CBRN-STP-0551 2 and NIOSH Procedure No. RCT-CBRN-STP-0200, 0201 3.A.1 PrincipleThree devices are tested on an upper-torso manikin connected to a breathing machine, in an atmosphere containing either GB vapou
33、r or, in a separate test, HD vapour with liquid droplets of HD applied to the surface of the device. The peak excursion levels and breakthrough levels are measured for these agents.A.2 MaterialsA.2.1 HD vapour A.2.2 HD liquid A.2.3 GB vapourA.2.4 High-pressure compressed air, conforming to BS EN 120
34、21, or CGA Grade D (see Table A.1), or Grade E liquified air.Table A.1 Air supply characteristics for chemical agent permeation and penetration resistance test methodCylinder capacity 2 400 L (minimum)Temperature (25 5) COxygen content (19.5 to 23.5)%CO by volume 0.001% (10 ppm) CO2by volume 0.1% (1
35、 000 ppm)Condensed hydrocarbons by weight 5 mg/m3Odour No odour detectable by olfactory sensesDew point 40 C at 101 kPa (one atmosphere)A.3 ApparatusA.3.1 SMARTMAN1)(or equivalent), simulant agent resistant test manikin, tested, with helium, monthly and when new, for leaks.A.3.2 Two exposure chamber
36、s, both constructed of clear, chemical resistant sheets (e.g. Plexiglas or Lexan), forming an approximate 0.60-m-sided cube with: a floor capable of supporting the SMARTMAN (approximately 40 kg); a removable front panel; four legs long 1)SMARTMAN is the trade name of a product supplied by ILC Dover,
37、 Frederica, Delaware, USA. This information is given for the convenience of users of this standard and does not constitute an endorsement by BSI of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.BRITISH STANDARD BSI 2009 5BS 8468-3.1:2009enough to
38、 allow access for tubing and to the SMARTMAN face-adjustment handle; an M12A1 military air purifying collective filter (or equivalent) installed in the top; ports in the side to accommodate tubing for the challenge vapour and clean purge air; an electric fan, inside, near the top front, to achieve a
39、 well-mixed challenge vapour. One chamber is “clean” and only used to check for fit and leaks, the other is for agent exposure. A.3.3 Leak detector, capable of detecting mineral oil aerosol particles at a concentration of 0.10 mg/m3.A.3.4 Continuous air monitoring system; a gas chromatograph equippe
40、d with a hydrogen flame emission detector and a preconcentrator tube (a small tube containing an adsorbent material to scrub out agent vapour from air drawn through it), coupled, where relevant to either:A.3.4.1 Infrared absorption based detector, capable of detecting GB at the levels required.A.3.4
41、.2 Gas chromatograph, with a flame ionization detector (FID), capable of detecting HD at the levels required.A.3.5 Syringe pump; a multirange, variable rate infusion pump, capable of injecting liquid agent into an air stream at a controlled rate, to create a challenge vapour at a specified concentra
42、tion.A.3.6 Automated airflow-temperature-humidity control system, supplied with laboratory air and distilled water, and capable of supplying air at rates of (50 to 200) L/min 2%, relative humidity of (20 to 80)% 3%, and temperatures of (20 to 30) C 3%.A.3.7 Mixing chamber, made of PVC pipe, with: ca
43、ps on both ends and three baffles fixed inside to ensure mixing of agent vapour and air; and a pressure gauge mounted on the chamber to indicate internal pressure.A.3.8 Breathing simulator/breather pump; a double pump, operated by a single, variable speed motor through a Scotch yoke (slotted link) t
44、o produce a sinusoidal breathing pattern, adjustable up to a tidal volume (volume per breath) of 1.5 L.A.3.9 Mass flow controllers, capable of controlling the flow of samples in the continuous air monitoring system and the flow of air to flush out the exposure chamber, with an accuracy of 2%.A.3.10
45、Compressed air system; air compressor and cascade system, capable of maintaining a pressure in the range 3.45 MPa to 31.0 MPa and of cycling between these values.A.4 PreparationA.4.1 Run a background characterization; connect the continuous air monitoring system (A.3.4) to a nasal sampling port of t
46、he SMARTMAN (A.3.1) in the agent exposure chamber (A.3.2) and monitor for a period of 30 min. If the measured background level is lower than the lowest point on the continuous air monitoring system calibration curve, continue with the test. If the measured background level is higher than the lowest
47、point on the continuous air monitoring system calibration curve, terminate the test.BS 8468-3.1:20096 BSI 2009BRITISH STANDARDA.4.2 Assemble the device following the manufacturers instruction, with the exception of the air cylinder, and connect the compressed air system (A.3.10). Ensure that the air
48、 inlet gauge reads the rated service pressure for the device 340 kPa.A.4.3 Take a digital photograph of the assembled unit.A.4.4 Mount the unit on the SMARTMAN (A.3.1) in the “clean” exposure chamber (A.3.2), following the manufacturers instructions.A.4.5 Turn on the breathing simulator (A.3.8). Ens
49、ure that the air supply to the device is turned on.A.4.6 Connect the leak detector (A.3.3) to a port into the exposure chamber (A.3.2). Close the exposure chamber. Fill the exposure chamber with mineral oil aerosol particles to a concentration of 100 mg/m3(measured using the leak detector). Connect the leak detector to a sample line from the SMARTMAN (A.3.1). If, within five minutes, a level of penetration less than 0.001% (0.10 mg/m3) is detected, assume there is no leak in the hood. If th
