1、BS 8489-4:2016Fixed fire protectionsystems Industrial andcommercial watermistsystemsPart 4: Fire performance tests andrequirements for watermist systemsfor local applications involvingflammable liquid firesBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Publishing an
2、d copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documentwas last issued. The British Standards Institution 2016Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 85529 0ICS 13.220.20The following BSI references relate to the work on this document:Comm
3、ittee reference FSH/18/5Draft for comment 14/30295816 DCPublication historyFirst published as DD 8489-4, February 2011First published as BS 8489-4, May 2016Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS 8489-4:2016 BRITISH STANDARDContentsForeword ii1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms
4、and definitions 14 Principle 15 Square pool fire 16 Channel diesel pool fire 77 Heptane spray fire 98 Diesel pool fire, 2m2msquare, combined with a 5.8 MW diesel sprayfire 129 Obstructed3m3msquare diesel pool fire 1910 Offset1m1msquare diesel pool fire 2111 Diesel pool fire, 2m2msquare, combined wit
5、h a 5.8 MW diesel sprayfire, with an external ignition source 22Bibliography 24List of figuresFigure 1 Configuration for square diesel pool 3Figure 2 Configuration for channel diesel pool 8Figure 3 Configuration for heptane spray fire 10Figure 4 Configuration for pool/spray fire arrangements in 8.1.
6、1.4a) 14Figure 5 Configuration for pool/spray fire arrangements in 8.1.1.4b) 15Figure 6 Configuration for pool/spray fire arrangements in 8.1.1.4c) 16Figure 7 Configuration for pool/spray fire arrangements in 8.1.1.4d) 17Figure 8 Configuration for pool/spray fire arrangements in 8.1.1.4e) 18Figure 9
7、 Configuration for square diesel pool with obstruction 20Figure 10 Configuration for pool/spray fire with an external ignitionsource 23List of tablesTable 1 Characteristics of oil burners for tests involving spray fires 9Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, p
8、ages i to iv,pages 1 to 24, an inside back cover and a back cover.BRITISH STANDARD BS 8489-4:2016 The British Standards Institution 2016 iForewordPublishing informationThis part of BS 8489 is published by BSI Standards Limited, under licence fromThe British Standards Institution, and came into effec
9、t on 31 May 2016. It wasprepared by Subcommittee FSH/18/5, Watermist systems, under the authority ofTechnical Committee FSH/18, Fixed fire fighting systems. A list of organizationsrepresented on these committees can be obtained on request to their secretary.SupersessionThis part of BS 8489 supersede
10、s DD 8489-4:2011, which is withdrawn.Relationship with other publicationsBS 8489 is published in a series of parts: Part 1: Code of practice for design and installation; Part 4: Tests and requirements for watermist systems for local applicationsinvolving flammable liquid fires; Part 5: Tests and req
11、uirements for watermist systems for the protection ofcombustion turbines and machinery spaces with volumes up to andincluding 80 m3; Part 6: Tests and requirements for watermist systems for the protection ofindustrial oil cookers; Part 7: Tests and requirements for watermist systems for the protecti
12、on oflow hazard occupancies.BS 8489-4 is intended to be read in conjunction with BS 8489-1.Information about this documentThis document converts DD 8489-4 into a full British Standard.Third-party testing/certification. Users of this British Standard are advised toconsider the desirability of third-p
13、arty testing/certification of conformity withthis British Standard.Use of this documentThis British Standard is intended for use by manufacturers, designers andinstallers of watermist systems, and for authorities having jurisdiction.It has been assumed in the preparation of this British Standard tha
14、t theexecution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified andexperienced people, for whose use it has been produced.Presentational conventionsThe provisions of this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type.Its methods are expressed as a set of instructions, a descripti
15、on, or in sentencesin which the principal auxiliary verb is “shall”. Its requirements are expressed insentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “shall”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented insmaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.Wh
16、ere words have alternative spellings, the preferred spelling of the ShorterOxford English Dictionary is used (e.g. “organization” rather than“organisation”).BRITISH STANDARDBS 8489-4:2016ii The British Standards Institution 2016Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to
17、 include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legalobligations.BRITISH STANDARD BS 8489-4:2016 The British Standards Institution 2016 iiiBRITISH STANDARDBS 8489-4:2016This page deli
18、berately left blankiv The British Standards Institution 20161 ScopeThis part of BS 8489 describes tests and specifies requirements for industrial andcommercial watermist systems for local applications involving flammable liquidfires.The tests specified in this part of BS 8489 are applicable to the f
19、ollowingapplications:a) flammable liquid pool fires where the liquid release can be confined to abunded area, where the entire surface of the bunded area is protected bythe watermist system;b) flammable liquid channel fires in channels not exceeding the watermistsystem manufacturers maximum specifie
20、d width and with no limit tochannel length;c) partially obstructed flammable liquid pool fires where the percentage ofobstructed surface is limited to that tested;d) spray fires up to 6 MW fuelled by flammable liquids;e) spray and pool fire combinations where confined to a bunded area;f) flammable l
21、iquid residues (ink and paper dust) on printing presses.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in thisdocument and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, onlythe edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest ed
22、ition of thereferenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS 8489-1, Fixed fire protection systems Industrial and commercial watermistsystems Part 1: Code of practice for design and installationBS EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005, General requirements for the competence of testingand calibration labor
23、atories3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this part of BS 8489, the terms and definitions givenin BS 8489-1 apply.4 PrincipleThe local application fire performance tests involving flammable liquidscomprise: open, obstructed and offset pool fires; spray fires; and combined pooland spray fires
24、, utilizing both heptane and diesel fuels. The watermist systemneeds to pass all tests.5 Square pool fire5.1 Test5.1.1 ApparatusNOTE Unless otherwise stated, the following tolerances apply: length: 2%; volume: 5%;BRITISH STANDARD BS 8489-4:2016 The British Standards Institution 2016 1 pressure: 3%;
25、temperature: 5%.5.1.1.1 Test hall, greater than 500 m3in area with a minimum ceiling heightof 5 m. Ventilation during testing, between tests, and for cooling of theenclosure, shall be provided by a minimum of two 0.93 m2louvre vents locatedon the roof of test hall and a side wall doorway measuring a
26、t least(3.66 4.26) m, to be left partially open during fire testing for a minimum areaof (3.66 1.82) m. The vents shall be protected by baffles if necessary to removethe effects of external winds/air movements.5.1.1.2 Watermist system, comprising nozzles, piping, control valves and watersupplies, co
27、nfigured in accordance with the manufacturers design manual andwith the test conditions specified in 5.1.2.5.1.1.3 Three test pools, of sizes1m1m,2m2mand3m3m,eachcomprising a square pan or tray, of steel construction, 1.73 mm thick and100 mm high with no lip, with smooth surfaces and edges that are
28、free fromimperfections, containing a water base of 50 mm in height, with a fuel load ofat least 20 mm above the water. The pools shall be configured as shown inFigure 1. For hazards with diesel fuels, the pools shall contain diesel. Where it isintended to use flammable liquids with volatilities grea
29、ter than those of diesel,but not greater than those of heptane, then the tests shall be conducted usingheptane. After each pool fire test, the fuel left in the pool or tray shall bereignited to ensure that sufficient fuel remains in the pan.5.1.1.4 Thermocouples, which shall be located (25 2) mm abo
30、ve the initial poolsurface and (250 10) mm within the pool rim, capable of registeringextinguishment.NOTE In addition to thermocouples, thermal imaging equipment is recommended.5.1.1.5 Instrumentation to measure and record the following parameters:a) temperature of fuel in pools;b) pool fire flame t
31、emperatures;c) test enclosure temperatures;d) extinguishing agent flow and pressure in the extinguishing system;e) water supply pressure (including tank pressure if applicable) and nozzledischarge pressures;f) extinguishing agent pressure at the most remote nozzle branch line;g) gas pressure at its
32、storage outlet and distribution sources;h) oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide concentrations;i) consumption of foam concentrate or other additive, recorded by means of aload cell on which the concentrate/additive tank is placed during the tests;j) gas consumption (gas used to drive water fr
33、om cylinders supplying thewatermist system), measured by means of pressure or load cell on which thegas tank is placed during the tests, or mass flow measurement.5.1.1.6 Additional baffles or obstructions, if needed, to prevent the direct impactof mist on the pool fire.5.1.1.7 Stopwatch.BRITISH STAN
34、DARDBS 8489-4:20162 The British Standards Institution 2016Figure 1 Configuration for square diesel poola)1m2pool fire b) 4 m2pool firesc)9m2pool fireKey1 Pan, 1 m22 Nozzle3 Pan, 4 m24 Pan, 9 m2X Manufacturers maximum longitudinal nozzle spacingY Manufacturers maximum latitudinal nozzle spacingBRITIS
35、H STANDARD BS 8489-4:2016 The British Standards Institution 2016 35.1.2 Test conditions5.1.2.1 The minimum operating nozzle pressure (as specified by themanufacturer) shall be used for all tests. System operating pressures shall bemaintained to within 5%. For decaying pressure systems, the starting
36、pressureshall be within 5% of the manufacturers designated starting pressure.For systems designed to cycle between two pressure limits, both the higher andlower pressures shall be within 5% of the manufacturers designated pressures,and the periods pertaining to the higher and lower pressure in each
37、cycle shallbe within 3 s of the manufacturers designated duration.5.1.2.2 The maximum ceiling height, maximum nozzle height and maximumnozzle spacing (as specified by the manufacturer) shall be used for all tests.This includes utilizing the maximum ceiling spacing of nozzles from walls.5.1.2.3 The n
38、ozzle arrangement shall have uniform spacing. The nozzle spacingfrom the wall shall be uniform.NOTE The nozzle spacing from the wall should preferably be one half the mainspacing.5.1.2.4 For all fire tests, the ceiling, floor and walls shall be dry. The relativehumidity in the test enclosure prior t
39、o the start of the test shall not differ fromthat of the ambient relative humidity by more than 20%.5.1.2.5 All fuels shall be at an ambient temperature of (20 10) C, measuredwith the thermocouple located in the approximate centre of the initial fuellayer.5.1.2.6 The test hall shall have an ambient
40、temperature of (20 10) C prior tothe start of the test, measured in the central area of the test hall at one-third,two-thirds and ceiling heights. The test hall shall be at as uniform an ambienttemperature as is reasonably practicable, with no localized hot or cold spots.All non-fire-induced draught
41、s shall be eliminated.5.1.2.7 The extinguishing agent flow and pressure in the extinguishing systemshall be measured continuously on the high pressure side of the pump, cylinderor equivalent equipment.5.1.2.8 The water supply and nozzle discharge pressures shall be monitored atthe source (pump and/o
42、r cylinder) and at the distribution piping manifold.5.1.2.9 Test rig temperatures shall be measured away from the direct flameimpingement with bare bead thermocouples welded from 28 gaugeChromel-alumel wire (Type K).5.1.2.10 Oxygen shall be measured2mto3mfrom, and at the elevation of, therim of the
43、pool fires, and away from any open doorways or ventilation sources.Ventilation rates shall be monitored and recorded if constantly provided for theenclosure.5.1.2.11 The ratio of total number of nozzles in the grid versus the pool areashall remain constant (i.e. two nozzles for 1 m2pool, four nozzle
44、s for 2 m2pool,eight nozzles for 4 m2pool).5.1.2.12 The nozzle grid elevation above the pool shall remain constant for allpool sizes.5.1.2.13 Where nozzle protection caps are used to prevent or reduce the amountof nozzle contamination, the use of such caps shall be included in the test.BRITISH STAND
45、ARDBS 8489-4:20164 The British Standards Institution 20165.1.3 Procedure5.1.3.1 The test shall be conducted with the nozzles in each of the followingpositions (four tests in total):a) 1m1mpool: maximum height;b) 2m2mpool: maximum height;c) 3m3mpool: maximum height;d) 3m3mpool: minimum height.5.1.3.2
46、 The test shall be conducted for 30 min or until the fire is extinguished orthe length of time to discharge 50% of the water agent, whichever is shorter.NOTE There is no minimum extinguishing agent discharge time.5.1.3.3 System components, component locations, operating conditions and testenclosure
47、details shall remain unaltered throughout all of the fire tests for agiven application. During each test, all systems shall operate without manualintervention. All tests shall be conducted using the specifications from themanufacturers design and installation manual with regard to nozzle placement,s
48、pray flux, and spray duration. For intermittent sprays, the time between theconsecutive spray shots shall be not less than 50% of the total time, as relatedto a specific watermist system.NOTE Sprays may be continuous or intermittent in time, at the manufacturersdiscretion.5.1.3.4 Following ignition
49、of a pool fire, a pre-burn time shall be allowed beforeactivation of the watermist system. The pre-burn time shall commence when theflames have spread across the entire pool. Fire pre-burn times shall be asfollows:a) heptane pool fires: 15 s;b) diesel pool fires: 30 s.5.1.3.5 The fire shall be deemed to be extinguished when the temperatureregistration drops below 100 C and does not increase. Followingextinguishment, the fuel left in the pool or tray shall be reignited. If reignitionis not
