1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS A 351
2、:2000 ISO 12288:2000 ICS 49.030.60 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Rivets, solid, in nickel alloy Procurement specificationThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of
3、the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 April 2000 BSI 04-2000 ISBN 0 580 34619 6 BS A 351:2000 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 12288:2000 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK part
4、icipation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee ACE/12, Aerospace fasteners and fastening systems, to Subcommittee ACE/12/1, Aerospace fasteners and fastening systems (international), which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible
5、international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on reques
6、t to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the
7、 BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summ
8、ary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 11 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Referencenumber ISO12288:2000(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1
9、2288 Firstedition 2000-03-01 AerospaceRivets,solid,innickel alloyProcurementspecification Aronautique et espace Rivets ordinaires, en alliage de nickel Spcification dapprovisionnement BS A 351:2000ii BS A 351:2000 iii Contents Page Foreword.iv 1 Scope1 2 Normativereferences1 3 Termsanddefinitions.1
10、4 Qualityassurance3 4.1 General3 4.1.1 Approvalofmanufacturers.3 4.1.2 Acceptanceofsolidrivets3 4.2 Acceptanceinspectionandtestconditions.3 4.3 Useof“Statisticalprocesscontrol(SPC)“.4 5 Requirementsandtestmethods4 6 Recordsandtestreports10 7 Certificateofcompliance11 BS A 351:2000iv Foreword ISO(the
11、InternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISO memberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnical committees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhas therighttoberepr
12、esentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmental,in liaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnical Commission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization. InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesg
13、ivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3. DraftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtothememberbodiesforvoting. PublicationasanInternationalStandardrequiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote. AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisInternational
14、Standardmaybethesubjectof patentrights.ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights. InternationalStandardISO12288waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC20, Aircraft and space vehicles, SubcommitteeSC4, Aerospace fastener systems. BS A 351:2000INTERNATIONALSTANDADR ISO88221:(0002
15、)E1 AerospaceRivets,solid,innickelalloyProcurement specification 1 Scope ThisInternationalStandardspecifiesthecharacteristicsandqualityassurancerequirementsforsolidrivetsmadein nickelalloyforaerospaceconstruction. Itisapplicablewheneveritisreferencedinadefinitiondocument. 2 Normativereferences Thefo
16、llowingnormativedocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsof thisInternationalStandard.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentsto,orrevisionsof,anyofthese publicationsdonotapply.However,partiestoagreementsbasedonthisInternationalStandardareencouragedto investigate
17、thepossibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionsofthenormativedocumentsindicatedbelow.For undatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthenormativedocumentreferredtoapplies.MembersofISOandIEC maintainregistersofcurrentlyvalidInternationalStandards. ISO2859-1:1999, Sampling procedures for inspection by attribute
18、s Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection. ISO7870:1993, Control charts General guide and introduction. ISO7966:1993, Acceptance control charts. ISO8258:1991, Shewhart control charts. ISO9002:1994, Quality systems Model for quality assurance in pr
19、oduction, installation and servicing. ISO17057:1999, Aerospace Rivets, solid Test method. ISO/TR13425:1995, Guide for the selection of statistical methods in standardization and specification. ASTME112:1996 1) , Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size. 3 Termsanddefinitions Forthepu
20、rposesofthisInternationalStandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply. 1) Publishedby:AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials(ASTM),1916,Racestreet,Philadelphia,PA19103,USA. BS A 351:20002 3.1 batch quantityoffinishedrivets,usingthesameprocess,fromasinglematerialcast(singleheatofalloy),havingthe same
21、numberofdefinitiondocument,diameterandlengthcode,heattreatedtogethertothesamespecified conditionandproducedasonecontinuousrun 3.2 rivetwiresample lengthofwire,sampledatoneendofthecoilusedforthemanufactureofrivetsofthebatch NOTE Therivetwiresamplesshouldundergothesameheattreatmentsastherivetsofthebat
22、ch,atthesametime. 3.3 rivetsample rivetsampledatrandomfromthebatch 3.4 definitiondocument documentspecifyingdirectlyorindirectlyalltherequirementsforrivets NOTE ThedefinitiondocumentmaybeanInternationalStandard,anin-housestandardoradrawing. 3.5 crack ruptureinthematerialwhichmayextendinanydirectiona
23、ndwhichmaybeintercrystallineortranscrystallinein character 3.6 seam longitudinalopensurfacedefect 3.7 lap surfacedefectcausedbyfoldingovermetalfinsorsharpcornersandthenformingthemintothesurface 3.8 coldshut doublingoverofmetalwhichmayoccurduringthecoldheadingoperation 3.9 blistering defectinthemetal
24、onornearthesurface,resultingfromexpansionofgasinasub-surfacezone 3.10 pit smallsharpcavityinametalsurfacecausedbynon-uniformelectrodepositionorbycorrosion 3.11 criticaldefect defectthat,accordingtojudgementandexperience,islikelytoresultinhazardousorunsafeconditionsfor individualsusing,maintaining,or
25、dependingupontheconsideredproduct,orthatislikelytopreventperformanceof thefunctionofamajorenditem 3.12 majordefect defect,otherthancritical,thatislikelytoresultinafailureortoreducemateriallytheusabilityoftheconsidered productforitsintendedpurpose BS A 351:2000 3 3.13 minordefect defectthatisnotlikel
26、ytoreducemateriallytheusabilityoftheconsideredproductforitsintendedpurpose,orthat representsadeparturefromestablishedspecificationhavinglittlebearingontheeffectiveuseoroperationofthis product 3.14 samplingplan planaccordingtowhichoneormoresamplesaretakeninordertoobtaininformationandtoreachadecision,
27、if possible 3.15 acceptancequalitylimit AQL maximumpercentdefective(orthemaximumnumberofdefectsperhundredunits)that,forpurposesofsampling inspection,canbeconsideredsatisfactoryasaprocessaverage NOTE Variant:qualitylimitwhichinasamplingplancorrespondstoaspecifiedbutrelativelyhighprobabilityofacceptan
28、ce. 4 Qualityassurance 4.1 General 4.1.1 Approvalofmanufacturers ThemanufacturershallconformtothequalityassuranceandapprovalproceduresdefinedinISO9002.The purposeoftheseproceduresistoensurethatamanufacturerhasaqualitysystemandiscapableofcontinuous productionofsolidrivetscomplyingwiththespecifiedqual
29、ityrequirements. TheapprovalofthemanufacturershallbegrantedbytheCertificationAuthorities,ortheirappointedrepresentative, whomaybetheprimecontractor. 4.1.2 Acceptanceofsolidrivets Thepurposeofacceptanceinspectionandtestsofasolidrivetistocheck,assimplyaspossible,usingamethod whichisinexpensivebutthemo
30、strepresentativeoftheactualconditionsofuse,withtheuncertaintyinherentin statisticalsampling,thatthesolidrivetssatisfytherequirementsofthisInternationalStandard. Acceptanceinspectionsandtestsshallbecarriedoutbythemanufacturer,orunderhisresponsibility. Themanufacturerisresponsibleforthequalityofthesol
31、idrivetsmanufactured. 4.2 Acceptanceinspectionandtestconditions Acceptanceinspectionsandtests(requirements,methods,numbersofsolidrivets)arespecifiedinTable1.They shallbecarriedoutoneachbatch.Solidrivetsshallbeselectedfromthebatchtobetestedbysimplerandom sampling. Eachsolidrivetmaybesubmittedtosevera
32、linspectionsortests,providedthatnoneofitscharacteristicstobe verifiedhasbeenpreviouslyalteredduringanyoftheseinspectionsortests. Thesolidrivetstobesubjectedtodestructiveinspectionsortestsmaybethoseonwhichnon-destructive inspectionsortestshavebeencarriedout. Batchesdeclaredunacceptableaftertheaccepta
33、nceinspectionshallberesubmittedforacceptanceonlyafterall thedefectiveunitshavebeenremovedand/ordefectshavebeencorrected. BS A 351:20004 Inthiscase,theattribute(s)whichcausedtherejectionshallbeverifiedusingasampleoftwicethenormalsize withthesameacceptancelimit. Ifthereasonforrejectionresultsfromtheme
34、thod,thetestapparatusorfromfaultyheattreatmentwhichcanbe rectifiedinasatisfactorymanner,thetestsmayberepeatedaftereliminationofthecause,providedthatany surfacetreatmentberemovedpriortoheattreatment,withoutbeingdetrimentaltorivetfinaluse.Anotetothis effectshallbeaddedtothecorrespondinginspectiondocum
35、ents. Unlessotherwisespecified,thetesttemperatureshallbetheambienttemperature. 4.3 Useof“Statisticalprocesscontrol(SPC)“ Whenacharacteristicisobtainedbyacontrolledstatisticalprocess,themanufacturerhasthepossibility,inorderto declareconformityofthecharacteristic,ofrefrainingfromthefinalsystematicsamp
36、lingprovidedforinthis InternationalStandard,ifheiscapableofformallyjustifyingthischoicebyusingISO/TR13425andthestandards quotedinitasabasis. Thisjustificationwillincludethefollowingphases: analysisoftheproductskeycharacteristics; analysisoftherisksforeachimplementedprocess; determinationoftheparamet
37、ersand/orcharacteristicstoberespectedunderSPC; determinationofthecapabilitiesofeachprocess; drawingupaninspectionplanandintegrationinthemanufacturingprocess; drawingupofroutesandcontrolcharts(ISO7966,ISO7870,ISO8258); useofcontrolchartsfordataconsolidation; determinationoftheauditstoberunandthecontr
38、oltobecarriedouttoensurereliabilityofthedevice. Tobeusableinproduction,thisprocessshallbeorshouldbevalidatedbeforehandbythequalifyingbody,either duringthequalificationphase,or a posteriori according to the case, by analysing the justificatory file and the results ofthequalificationinspectionssuchasp
39、rovidedforinclause5. 5 Requirementsandtestmethods SeeTable1. BS A 351:2000 5 Table1Requirementsandtestmethods Clause Characteristic Requirement Inspectionandtestmethod Classificationof defectsand sampling 5.1 Material Inaccordancewiththe productstandardordefinition document. Seematerialstandard. 5.2
40、 Dimensions Inaccordancewiththe productstandardordefinition document. Usualinstruments Incaseofdispute,theprojection methodatamagnificationof25times fordiametersu6mmand10times fordiameters 6mm,shallbeused asthereferencemethod.Checks shallbemadeatthreeequidistant pointsaroundtherivet. Table2 5.3 Manu
41、facturing 5.3.1 Heattreatment Asspecifiedinthematerial standard. 5.3.2 Workmanship Nocracksorblistering. Visualexaminationwithorwithout magnification.Themagnification shallbelimitedtosixtimes. Table2 Localized,non-continuous seams,laps,coldshuts,tool marksandpitshavinga maximumdepthof0,07mm arepermi
42、ssible. Defectdepthshallbemeasured perpendiculartoalinetangentwith thesurface. Intheeventofanydoubt,thetest specifiedin5.4.2shallbeusedas thereferencemethod. 5.3.3 Surface treatment Treatmentinaccordancewith theproductstandardor definitiondocument. Seeapplicablesurfacetreatment standard. Table2 5.4
43、Mechanical properties 5.4.1 Doubleshear strength SeeTable3. ISO17057 Table4 5.4.2 Drivability Nocrackspermitted. Testdevice:seeFigure1. Testmethod: a) progressivelyupsetthe protrudingend,untilthevalues specifiedinFigure2are obtained; b) examinevisuallywithout magnification. Sampledefinition:seeFigur
44、e3. Testcarriedoutatdeliverycondition. Table2 BS A 351:20006 Table1 (continued) Clause Characteristic Requirement Inspectionandtestmethod Classificationof defectsand sampling 5.5 Metallurgical properties 5.5.1 Grainsize Grainsizeshallbefinerthan sizefiveinaccordancewith ASTME112. Longitudinalcutting
45、throughthe shank,polishingandetchingusing theappropriatereagentsandthen macroscopicexamination. Onetestperbatch 5.6 Product identification marking Inaccordancewiththe productstandardordefinition document. Visualexamination. Table2 5.7 Delivery 5.7.1 Packaging Thepackagingshall: preventanydamageor co
46、rrosionfromoccurring duringhandling, transportationand storage; onlycontainrivetsfrom thesamebatch,the numberofwhichisleftto themanufacturers discretion;however,the maximummassis25kg; containacopyofthe manufacturersdelivery noterelatingtothe batch.Furthermore,this notemaybesent separatelyuponrequest
47、. Anyparticularoradditional packagingrequirementsshall bespecifiedwiththeorder. Visualexamination. 5.7.2 Labelling Durablelabels,securedtothe packaging,bearingthe followinginformation: designation; quantity(massor number); manufacturersname; batchnumber. Visualexamination. BS A 351:2000 7 Table2Clas
48、sificationofdefects Categoryofdefects Acceptancequality limit (AQL) Characteristics SeeTable5. Headdiameter Headangle Headprotrusion Productidentificationmarking a Shankdiameter Length Cracks Blistering Major SeeTable6. Drivabilityduringinstallation Minor SeeTable6. Allotherdimensions,appearanceitem
49、sand miscellaneousdefects a Includinglegibility. Table3Doubleshearstrength Rivetdiameter a Minimumdoubleshearstrength(N) b D 1 mm Alloydesignation (minimumshearstress) Ni30Cu Monel400 Ni19Cr0,4Ti Nimonic75 Ni15,5Cr8Fe Inconel600 nom. min. (340MPa) (440MPa) (440MPa) 1,6 1,52 1234 1597 1597 2 1,92 1969 2548 2548 2,5 2,42 3128 4048 4048 3 2,92 4554 5893 5893 3,5 3,395 6156 7966 7966 4 3,895 8102 10485 10485 5 4,895 12797 16561 16561 6 5,895 18560 24018 24018 8 7,87 33079 42808 42808 10 9,87 5
