1、DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENTDD CEN/TS 14383-3:2005Prevention of crime Urban planning and building design Part 3: DwellingsICS 91.040.30; 13.310g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g3
2、8g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 25 02:17:47 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIDD CEN/TS 14383-3:2005This Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 11 January 2006 BSI 11 January 2006ISBN 0 580
3、47369 4National forewordThis Draft for Development is the official English language version of CEN/TS 14383-3:2005.This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard.It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature because the status of
4、Technical Specification was proposed to give all countries the opportunity to compare experiences and to harmonize procedures. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application may be obtained.Comments arising from the use of this Draft f
5、or Development are requested so that UK experience can be reported to the European organization responsible for its conversion to a European standard. A review of this publication will be initiated 2 years after its publication by the European organization so that a decision can be taken on its stat
6、us at the end of its 3-year life. Notification of the start of the review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards.According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion
7、 into a European Standard, to extend the life of the Technical Specification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent in writing to the Secretary of BSI Subcommittee B/209/10, Security of buildings, at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL, giving the document reference an
8、d clause number and proposing, where possible, an appropriate revision of the text.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this doc
9、ument may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publiction does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
10、Users are responsible for its correct application.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the CEN/TS title page, pages 2 to 55 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued sinc
11、e publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 25 02:17:47 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSITECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONSPCIFICATION TECHNIQUETECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATIONCEN/TS 14383-3October 2005ICS 91.040.30; 13.310English VersionPrevention of crime - Urban planning and building
12、 design - Part3: DwellingsPrvention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conceptiondes btiments - Partie 3 : LogementsVorbeugende Kriminalittsbekmpfung - Stadt- undGebudeplanung - Teil 3: WohnungenThis Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 24 April 2005 for provisional application.The
13、 period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit theircomments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.CEN members are required to announce the existence of this C
14、EN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS availablepromptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reache
15、d.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
16、 and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. CEN/TS 143
17、83-3:2005: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 25 02:17:47 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Objectives and methodology .5 5 Risk analysis and assessment of related protection levels.7 6 Lev
18、el of protection8 7 Individual dwellings9 8 The building envelope 12 9 Residential blocks.14 10 Enhancing security in residential blocks15 11 Apartments19 12 Management and maintenance of residential blocks.19 Annex A (informative) Resistance classes for windows, doors and shutters and requirements
19、for related hardware conforming to ENV 162721 Annex B (informative) Risk analysis of the vulnerability of dwellings to burglary23 Annex C (informative) Quick reference guide to the vulnerability of dwellings to burglary46 Annex D (informative) Security grades of intrusion alarm systems as EN 50131-1
20、 49 Annex E (informative) Indicators of security problems in residential areas.50 Annex F (informative) Cost/benefit checklist of methods to enhance security in residential blocks.51 Bibliography.54 CEN/TS 14383-3:2005Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 25 02:17:47 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
21、BSI3 Foreword This CEN Technical Specification (CEN/TS 14383-3:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 325 “Prevention of crime by urban planing design”, the secretariat of which is held by SNV. The status of Technical Specification was proposed to give all countries the opportunity to
22、 compare experiences and to harmonise procedures. In particular, the guidance given in the Annexes needs to be tested in use to establish realistic security levels. This Technical Specification is one of a series for “The prevention of crime by urban planning and building design”, that consists of t
23、he following parts: Part 1 Definitions of specific terms Part 2 Urban planning Part 3 Dwellings Part 4 Shops and offices According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Specification: Austria,
24、 Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN/TS 14383-3:2005Licensed Copy: Wa
25、ng Bin, na, Tue Apr 25 02:17:47 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI4 Introduction In considering security measures aimed at preventing crime and antisocial behaviour and the fear of crime in residential areas, one of the most difficult tasks is determining the type and level of the threat (e.g. van
26、dalism, burglary, aggression) and the scope of measures to be taken in order to reduce it. The causes of crime have been researched for many years. There are many factors that can influence the possibility of an offence being committed or not. Certain factors, for example socio-economic conditions a
27、re beyond the remit of this standard. Other factors such as neighbourhood layout and building design can be considered along with more specific reference to target-hardening measures. Three basic criminological approaches have been adopted: Rational Choice, Routine Activities and Defensible Space. a
28、) Rational Choice states that potential offenders will normally undertake their own risk assessment before deciding to commit a crime. They will consider the chances of being seen, the ease of entry and the chance of escape without detection. b) The Routine Activities theory assumes that for an offe
29、nce to take place there need to be three factors present: a motivated offender, a suitable target or victim and a lack of capable guardian. To prevent a crime it is necessary to alter the influence of one of these factors. For example, an offender can be de-motivated by increasing the level of surve
30、illance or by making access more difficult. A target can also be made less attractive by increasing security or removing escape routes. Similarly, the presence or influence of a capable guardian, either real or implied, can assist in creating a sense of neighbourliness. c) The Defensible Space theor
31、y applies to the different levels of acceptance that exist for people to legitimately be in different types of space. Everyone has a right to be in a public space, such as a street, but they do not have the right to be in the garden of another persons dwelling, which is a private space. It is equall
32、y important to differentiate and distinguish public space from semi-public and semi-private space, to make it possible to use either formal or informal social control over those spaces in ways that prevent crime and antisocial behaviour developing or progressing unhindered. Most offences are committ
33、ed because perpetrators enjoy opportunities: easy access, hiding places, absence of demarcation between public and private space, poor lighting and/or favourable landscaping. By understanding the motivation of potential offenders and counterbalancing it by specific physical security measures combine
34、d with real or symbolic design elements, this Technical Specification aims to assist designers, planners, estate managers and stakeholders in the area of crime prevention to: a) Define the protection measures most appropriate to the site. b) Influence decisions relating to building design, the layou
35、t of the site, landscaping, and other related details in order to make dwellings attractive and safe for inhabitants and unattractive targets for potential offenders. In residential areas with either individual dwellings and/or residential blocks, the purpose is not only to protect properties agains
36、t burglary but also to prevent access by unwanted visitors, the illegal appropriation of space, degradation of the environment and to fight fear of crime. The design of the built environment can also influence individual perceptions of fear of crime (e.g. in dark footpaths), as perceptions of crime
37、often exceed the reality. Recommendations relating to the planning of new and existing urban areas, ranging from a few streets to a city centre, an industrial estate, or a large open space for public use, are given in ENV 14383-2. CEN/TS 14383-3:2005Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 25 02:17:47 B
38、ST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI5 1 Scope This Technical Specification gives guidance and recommendations for reducing the risk of crimes against people and property in dwellings and their immediate surroundings through planning and design. It covers new and existing dwellings, in single or multi
39、ple units. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. prEN 14383-1, P
40、revention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 1: Definitions of specific terms 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Technical Specification, the terms and definitions given in prEN 14383-1 apply. 4 Objectives and methodology 4.1 General While it is important to consider
41、individual buildings in detail, it is also essential to be aware of the influence exerted by the design and layout of the neighbourhood. This is sometimes referred to as the Meso level and includes road layout, infrastructure and location of facilities. Town planners, designers, developers and profe
42、ssionals with crime prevention expertise should be involved as a design team, to ensure that designing out crime factors are taken into account in the early stages of the planning process. The joint approach should consider the various factors that can reduce the opportunity to commit crime. Some of
43、 the most important factors are ownership, human presence and conflict minimisation. The design and layout of public space in the neighbourhood should encourage local residents to regard it as their own and take responsibility for it. If this can be achieved, crime and antisocial behaviour are less
44、likely to occur, or continue without local people reacting to it. NOTE One of the strongest prevention factors for potential offenders is the risk of being seen and identified, which is why human presence and natural surveillance are so important. These factors are easier to achieve with mixed usage
45、 as this can prolong liveliness and movement throughout an extended period of the day. Street furniture should be designed to enable good sight lines and provide wide natural surveillance. Equally access to buildings should front onto public space for the same reason. Fear of crime, whether justifie
46、d or perceived, should be considered and the design of the environment should take this into account. Any design feature that could possibly give rise to a potential conflict situation should be avoided. Safe and integrated options for pedestrians and/or cyclists should be included and give a feelin
47、g of safety that will encourage their use. Buildings meant for residential purposes can be split into two categories: a) Individual dwellings, detached or in groups; b) Residential blocks with apartments. In the area of crime prevention, three objective criteria have been taken into account: CEN/TS
48、14383-3:2005Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 25 02:17:47 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI6 a) Risk to body and life; b) The nature and value of the property to be protected; c) The degree of accessibility of this property. The history of crime in Europe demonstrates that property theft is of
49、ten linked with crimes against people (subjected to physical assault at home or close to their residence). Technical protection measures will assist in preventing crime against persons and property and unauthorised access to buildings. Recommendations are also given for the protection of vehicles and other property kept in common areas. The methodology will consist of describing the behaviour patterns of potential offenders, providing a risk analysis tool for the site under consideration, whether individual dwellings or residential blocks, and proposing technical r
