1、BS EN 1071-13:2010ICS 81.060.30NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDAdvanced technical ceramics Methods of test for ceramic coatingsPart 13: Determination of wear rate by the pin-on-disk methodThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of t
2、he StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 June2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 60126 2Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 1071-13:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1071-13:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted
3、to TechnicalCommittee RPI/13, Advanced technical ceramics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Complia
4、nce with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 1071-13:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1071-13 March 2010 ICS 81.060.30 English Version Advanced technical ceramics - Methods of test for ceramic coatings - Part 13: Determination of wear rate by
5、 the pin-on-disk method Cramiques techniques avances - Mthodes dessai pour revtements cramiques - Partie 13 : Dtermination du taux dusure selon la mthode pin-on-disk Hochleistungskeramik - Verfahren zur Prfung keramischer Schichten - Teil 13: Bestimmung der Verschleirate mittels Stift-Scheibe-Prfung
6、 This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 January 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical re
7、ferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN memb
8、er into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland
9、, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17,
10、B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1071-13:2010: EBS EN 1071-13:2010EN 1071-13:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Signifi
11、cance and use .65 Principle 66 Apparatus .66.1 Pin-on-disk method testing apparatus 66.2 Test apparatus design requirements .76.3 Instruments for determining the volume loss 86.4 Operating environment .87 Preparation of test pieces .87.1 Substrate material and preparation .87.2 Coating deposition 97
12、.3 Post-coating preparation 97.4 Cleaning . 108 Testing procedure. 108.1 Preliminary setup 108.2 Producing the wear track and scar . 118.3 Evaluation of wear and measurement of wear scars 118.4 Calculation of test results 149 Repeatability and limits 1510 Report 16Annex A (informative) Methods for t
13、he determination of coating properties likely to be relevant to coating performance in a pin-on-disk wear test 18A.1 Relevant properties 18A.2 Phase composition and preferred orientation. 18A.3 Residual stress . 18A.4 Hardness 18Annex B (informative) Determination of volume loss from the pin using p
14、rofilometry 19Annex C (informative) Determination of wear of coated disk by ball crater technique 20Bibliography . 23BS EN 1071-13:2010EN 1071-13:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1071-13:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 184 “Advanced technical ceramics”, the secretariat of
15、which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2010. Attention is drawn to t
16、he possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. EN 1071, Advanced technical ceramics Methods of test for ceramic coatings, consists of the following 13 parts
17、: Part1: Determination of coating thickness by contact probe filometer Part 2: Determination of coating thickness by the crater grinding method Part 3: Determination of adhesion and other mechanical failure modes by a scratch test Part 4: Determination of chemical composition by electron probe micro
18、analysis (EPMA) Part 5: Determination of porosity (withdrawn) Part 6: Determination of the abrasion resistance of coatings by a micro-abrasion wear test Part 7: Determination of hardness and Youngs modulus by instrumented indentation (withdrawn) Part 8: Rockwell indentation test for evaluation of ad
19、hesion Part 9: Determination of fracture strain Part 10: Determination of coating thickness by cross sectioning Part 11: Determination of internal stress by the Stoney formula Part 12: Reciprocating wear test Part 13: Determination of wear rate by the pin-on-disk method Part 7 was a Technical Specif
20、ication and Parts 8 to 11 are Technical Specifications. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Fin
21、land, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1071-13:2010EN 1071-13:2010 (E) 4 Introduction The determination of the
22、wear resistance of thin ceramic coatings used in sliding contacts is of high importance in several industrial fields such as stamping, moulding, blanking and in many situations where two mechanical components slide on each other. This part of EN 1071 describes a method for evaluating the wear of cer
23、amic coatings by use of a test in which a flat or spherically ended pin is brought, under load, into contact with a flat disk and the two are set in relative motion such that the pin describes a circular path on the flat surface of the disk. Depending on the information required, either the disk or
24、pin or both may be coated with the material under test, with the other member of the couple being selected for its relevance to the tribosystem under evaluation. Wear is determined by weight loss, by profilometry, by linear measurement or by a combination of these. Testing may be carried out under d
25、ry or lubricated conditions. Where suitable instrumentation is available, the test can provide important information about the friction generated in the system. In addition to providing data on the frictional interaction in the system, monitoring of the friction can, by detecting changes in the leve
26、l or trend of the friction force, provide important information about changes occurring during the test, e.g. removal or fracture of the coating, changes in wear mechanisms, etc. The test for use with bulk materials sliding under non-lubricated conditions is well described in 1. This standard identi
27、fies the basic equipment requirements and the test critical parameters for testing ceramic coatings, and provides for appropriate operating procedures and measurement protocols to ensure their proper control. In addition, it provides for consistency in the analysis of data and in the treatment of er
28、rors. This part of EN 1071 complements parts 6 2 and 12 3, which describe techniques for micro-scale abrasion wear testing and reciprocating wear testing of ceramic coatings respectively. BS EN 1071-13:2010EN 1071-13:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard describes a method for evaluating the
29、 wear of ceramic coatings by use of a test in which a flat or spherically ended pin is brought, under load, into contact with the flat surface of a disk and the two are set in relative motion such that the pin describes a circular path on the disk. Depending on the conditions being simulated, either
30、 the pin or disk or both may be coated with the material under test, with the other member of the couple being selected for its relevance to the system under evaluation. 1.2 Where suitable equipment is available, the test may be used to determine the friction generated in the sliding contact. 1.3 Th
31、e method is suitable for evaluating coatings in the thickness range from 1 m to more than 100 m, and with suitable choice of conditions might also be applicable to testing thinner coatings. 1.4 Testing may be under either dry or lubricated conditions. However, the test is not designed for evaluating
32、 the properties of lubricants except insofar as they affect the wear behaviour of the materials being tested. Related methods for testing lubricants using a reciprocating motion are given in references 4 6. 1.5 Testing a materials couple under a range of loading conditions might provide information
33、about the adhesive and/or cohesive strength of the coating, in addition to its wear behaviour. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest ed
34、ition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:2005) ISO 31-0, Quantities and units Part 0: General principles 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this docum
35、ent, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 volume wear rate volume wear coefficient specific wear rate volume of material removed from a surface in a sliding distance of 1 m under a normal load of 1 N 3.2 mass wear rate mass wear coefficient mass of material removed from a surface in a slid
36、ing distance of 1 m under a normal load of 1 N 3.3 instantaneous coefficient of friction instantaneous value of the friction force divided by the instantaneous value of the applied load NOTE This is often approximated to the instantaneous value of the friction force divided by the mean applied load.
37、 BS EN 1071-13:2010EN 1071-13:2010 (E) 6 4 Significance and use This standard gives guideline on conducting sliding wear and friction tests in a pin-on-disk configuration. It can be used to determine the wear resistance and friction generated in sliding contacts between a ceramic coating and a suita
38、ble counterpart (see below). Pin-on-disk wear testing can be used to simulate the operating conditions in different sliding contacts of technological significance. In the last few years there has been an increasing interest in the use of wear and friction reducing ceramic coatings for such contacts.
39、 This European Standard has been developed to provide guidance on the use and interpretation of the test method for evaluating the potential performance of ceramic coatings in these types of contacts and to provide complementary data to that obtained from other wear test methods, e.g. micro-scale ab
40、rasion wear testing 2 and reciprocating wear testing 3. It should be noted that there are many parameters in sliding contacts that affect the magnitude of friction and wear. The aim of performing any wear test is to simulate, as closely as possible, the conditions that occur in the real application.
41、 As the deviation between the test conditions and the application conditions becomes larger, the test results will become less relevant. To add confidence to the test results, the appearance of the worn surfaces of the test samples should be compared with those of the worn surfaces of actual compone
42、nts to ensure that similar wear mechanisms have taken place in both cases. NOTE Although it is relatively easy in a pin-on-disk wear test to reproduce the contact stress experienced in a specific tribological contact, it might be necessary to use additional heating to ensure that the contact tempera
43、ture approximates to that of the contact being simulated. The recommended test conditions in this standard should be used when the objective of the testing is to compare the performance of materials in the absence of well defined application conditions. 5 Principle The test consists in sliding a loa
44、ded pin against a flat disk such that the pin describes a circular path on the disk, and determining the wear of one or both. Depending on the wearing system being simulated, either the pin or disk or both may be coated with the ceramic coating under test, and testing may be either with or without l
45、ubrication. The pin contact face may have either a flat or rounded geometry. If the former is chosen, great care is necessary in order to ensure that the contact faces of pin and disk both lie in the same plane, as any variation from this will produce substantially different contact conditions from
46、those expected for a plane contact. The high contact stress generated by misalignment can be particularly damaging to brittle ceramic materials and can lead to spurious and un-reproducible results. If a rounded geometry is chosen, then the contact conditions will vary throughout the test and affect
47、the analysis of the results. 6 Apparatus 6.1 Pin-on-disk method testing apparatus The testing apparatus shall consist of: the holders for the disk and for the pin; the drive system for rotating the disk or for letting the pin slide in a circular path on the fixed disk surface; the loading mechanism
48、for pushing the pin and the disk onto each other; means to determine the total sliding distance travelled by the pin over the surface of the disk during the test, e.g. rev counter, timer, etc. Depending on the equipment selected, the test face of the disk may be oriented in either a horizontal or ve
49、rtical plane and, for the former the pin may be positioned either above or below the disk. Report the orientation used for the test. BS EN 1071-13:2010EN 1071-13:2010 (E) 7 NOTE 1 Different test orientations might produce different results for apparently identical test conditions as a consequence of retention or loss of wear debris. Where flat-ended pins are to be used, means shall be provided to ensure conformance between the pin and the disk so tha
