1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1316-3 : 1998 The E
2、uropean Standard EN 1316-3 : 1997 has the status of a British Standard ICS 79.040 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Hardwood round timber Qualitative classification Part 3. Ash and maples and sycamoreThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction
3、 of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 March 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 28994 X BS EN 1316-3 : 1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British Stan
4、dard is the English language version of EN 1316-3 : 1997. No existing British Standard is superseded. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/543, Round and sawn timber, to Subcommittee B/543/4, Round timber, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to un
5、derstand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this commit
6、tee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using
7、 the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. Additional information In clause 2 the reference to prEN 1309 : 1994 should read prEN 1309-2 Round and sawn timber Method of measurement of dimensions Part 2: Round timber and the footnote should read 1) Under preparation. In 4.3 the refe
8、rences to prEN 1309 : 1994 should read prEN 1309-2. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.CEN
9、European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1997 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1316-3 : 1997
10、 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1316-3 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM October 1997 ICS 79.040 Descriptors: Wood, sawlogs, deciduous timber, filing, characteristics, quality classes English version Hardwood round timber Qualitative classification Part 3: Ash and maples and sycamore Bois ronds feuillus C
11、lassement qualitatif Partie 3: Fre ne et e rables Laub-Rundholz Qualita ts-Sortierung Teil 3: Esche und Ahorn This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 September 1997. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Euro
12、pean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English
13、, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republi
14、c, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 1316-3 : 1997 BSI 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 175, Round and sawn timber,
15、 the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This standard is one of a series of standards concerning round timber (softwoods and hardwoods). Other parts of this standard are: EN 1316-1 Hardwood round timber Qualitative classification Part 1 : Oak and beech EN 1316-2 Hardwood round timber Qualitative
16、 classification Part 2 : Poplar This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 1998. According to the CEN/
17、CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
18、 Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Qualitative classification 3 4.1 Grading principles 3 4.2 Designation of grades 3 4.3 Characteristics to be taken into account for the classification 3 4.4 Tables of rules for grading 4
19、Page 3 EN 1316-3 : 1997 BSI 1998 1) prEN 1309 : 1994 has been divided into two Parts; Part 2, in preparation, will be applicable to round timber. 1 Scope This standard specifies a qualitative classification and grade designations for felled trees of ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and maples presented in t
20、he form of long poles or logs. The classifications describe quality classes of round timbers for which the intended use is not known. The maples classification is applied for the following species: Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer platano des, Acer campestris. 2 Normative references This European Standard
21、incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this
22、European Standard, only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 844-1 Round and sawn timber Terminology Part 1: General terms common to round timber and sawn timber EN 844-2 Round and sawn timber Terminol
23、ogy Part 2: General terms relating to round timber EN 844-8 Round and sawn timber Terminology Part 8: Terms relating to features of round timber prEN 1309 : 1994 Round and sawn timber Method of measurement of dimensions 1) EN 1310 Round and sawn timber Method of measurement of features EN 1311 Round
24、 and sawn timber Method of measurement of biological degrade 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the definitions in the standards EN 844-1, EN 844-2 and EN 844-8 apply. 4 Qualitative classification 4.1 Grading principles Each long pole, log or portion of a round timber individualized by
25、 a theoretical cross-cut point, is qualified according to its dimensions and to the presence, size and distribution of specific characteristics. 4.2 Designation of grades Standardized designation of classes includes three characters, the latest one separated by a dash: the first and second character
26、s are the genus initial and first letter in Latin; the third character indicates the quality class. 4.2.1 Ash (Fr) The classification of ash is divided into four quality classes: Fr-A is an exceptional quality class; Fr-B is a normal quality class; Fr-C is a less valuable quality class; Fr-D is a qu
27、ality class which includes long pole, log or portion of long poles not permitted in the other quality classes. For all characteristics in class Fr-D, more than 40 % of the volume of the wood shall be useable. 4.2.2 Maples (Ac) The classification of maples is divided into four quality classes: Ac-A i
28、s an exceptional quality class; Ac-B is a normal quality class; Ac-C is a less valuable quality class; Ac-D is a quality class which includes long pole, log or portion of long pole not permitted in the other quality classes. For all characteristics in class Ac-D, more than 40 % of the volume of the
29、wood shall be useable. 4.3 Characteristics to be taken into account for the classification Tables 1 and 2 give the characteristics taken into account and these shall be measured according to prEN 1309 : 1994, EN 1310 and EN 1311. Limits of permitted characteristics of each class are given in tables
30、1 and 2. A long pole, log or portion of round timber shall be downgraded by its failure to meet the requirement of any single characteristic. Length and diameter shall be measured using the method stated in prEN 1309 : 1994 1)Page 4 EN 1316-3 : 1997 BSI 1998 4.4 Tables of rules for grading Table 1.
31、Grading rules for ash Characteristics 1) Class Fr-A Fr-B Fr-C Fr-D Minimum for dimensions Minimum length in m 3 2) 3 2) 2 2) Without limit Minimum mid-diameter under bark in cm 40 2) 35 2) 20 2) Without limit Uncovered sound knots Not allowed max. # 150 mm/3 m and diameter 60 mm max. # 150 mm/2 m Al
32、lowed Uncovered rot knots Not allowed Not allowed max. # 80 mm/2 m Allowed Covered knots (buckles) Not allowed Not allowed Max. 1 buckle/2 m Allowed Eccentricity of heart in % # 10 # 20 Allowed Allowed Simple sweep in cm/m # 3 # 4 Allowed Allowed Simple heart shakes Allowed in the central 1/3 of the
33、 diameter Allowed in the central 1/2 of the diameter Allowed Allowed Star shakes Not allowed Allowed in the central 1/5 of the diameter Allowed in the central 1/3 of the diameter Allowed Checks Not allowed Not allowed Allowed Allowed Bore holes Not allowed Not allowed Not allowed Allowed Rots Not al
34、lowed Not allowed Not allowed Allowed Canker Not allowed Not allowed 2) Allowed Allowed Brown heart # 20% of cross section diameter 3) # 30% of cross section diameter 4) Allowed Allowed 1) The limits for the following characteristics shall be fixed by contract: ovality, spiral grain, roses, epicormi
35、c shoots, cracks. 2) Except clauses stipulated by contract. 3) A sub-class Fr-A Brown heart allows 100 % of brown heart. 4) A sub-class Fr-B Brown heart allows 100 % of brown heart.Page 5 EN 1316-3 : 1997 BSI 1998 Table 2. Grading rules for maples Characteristics 1) Class Ac-A Ac-B Ac-C Ac-D Minimum
36、 for dimensions Minimum length in m 3 1) 3 1) 2 1) Without limit Minimum mid-diameter under bark in cm 35 1) 30 1) 20 1) Without limit Uncovered sound knots max. # 150 mm/3 m max. # 150 mm/3 m and diameter 60 mm max. # 150 mm/2 m Allowed Uncovered rot knots Not allowed Not allowed max. # 80 mm/2 m A
37、llowed Covered knots (buckles) Not allowed Not allowed 1 buckle max. allowed on 2 m Allowed Eccentricity of heart in % # 10 # 20 Allowed Allowed Simple sweep in cm/m # 3 # 4 Allowed Allowed Simple heart shakes Allowed in the central 1/3 of the diameter Allowed in the central 1/2 of the diameter Allo
38、wed Allowed Star shake Not allowed Allowed in the central 1/5 of the diameter Allowed in the central 1/3 of the diameter Allowed Rots Not allowed Not allowed Not allowed Allowed Brown heart Not allowed Not allowed Allowed in the central 1/3 of diameter Allowed 1) Except clauses stipulated by contrac
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