1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1411 : 1996 BS 2782
2、 : Part 11 : Method 1108B : 1996 The European Standard EN 1411 : 1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 23.040.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Plastics piping and ducting systems Thermoplastics pipes Determination of resistance to external blows by th
3、e staircase methodThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1996 BSI 1996 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standar
4、d: Committee reference PRI/61 Draft for comment 94/341019 DC ISBN 0 580 25877 7 BS EN 1411 : 1996 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/61, Pla
5、stics piping systems and components, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Gas plc British Plastics Federation British Plumbing Fittings Manufacturers Association British Valve and Actuator Manufacturers Association Department of the Environment (British Board of Agrement) Depart
6、ment of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment (Property and Buildings Directorate) Department of Transport Electricity Association Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Health and Safety Executive Institute of Building Control Institute of Materials In
7、stitution of Civil Engineers Institution of Gas Engineers Institution of Water and Environmental Management National Association of Plumbing, Heating and Mechanical Services Contractors Pipeline Industries Guild Plastics Land Drainage Manufacturers Association Society of British Gas Industries Socie
8、ty of British Water Industries Water Companies Association Water Services Association of England and Wales The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: ERA Technology Ltd. Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association RAPRA Tec
9、hnology Ltd.BS EN 1411 : 1996 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Method 1 Scope 3 2 Definitions 3 3 Principle 3 4 Apparatus 3 5 Test pieces 5 6 Conditioning 6 7 Procedure 6 8 Calculations 8 9 Test report 8 Annex A (informative) Bibliography 9 Ta
10、bles 1 Dimensions for the nose of the striker 3 2 Masses of strikers 3 3 Conditioning periods 6 Figures 1 Typical impact testing machine 4 2 Dimensions of strikers 5 3 Typical record for impact test data, obtained using the staircase method (in this example, the H 50 value = 1,14 m) 7ii BS EN 1411 :
11、 1996 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee PRI/61 and is the English language version of EN 1411 : 1996 Plastics piping and ducting systems Thermoplastics pipes Determination of resistance to external blows by the staircase method, published by the Europea
12、n Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is incorporated into BS 2782 Methods of testing plastics : Part 11 : Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and valves, as Method 1108B : 1996, for association with related test methods for plastics materials and plastics piping components. This test method has been
13、 prepared for reference by other standards under preparation by CEN for specification of reinforced plastics piping systems and components. It has been implemented to enable experience of the method to be gained and for use for other fresh applications. It is also for use for the revision or amendme
14、nt of other national standards as practicable, but it should not be presumed to apply to any existing standard, which contains or makes reference to a different test method, until that standard has been amended or revised to make reference to this method and any requirements adjusted as appropriate.
15、 Warning note. This British Standard, which is identical with EN 1411 : 1996, does not necessarily detail all the precautions necessary to meet the requirements of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. Attention should be paid to any appropriate safety precautions and the method should be ope
16、rated only by trained personnel. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1995
17、All rights of reproduction and communication in any form and by any means reserved in all countries to CEN and its members. Ref. No. EN 1411 : 1996 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1411 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM January 1996 UDC 23.040.20 Descriptors: pipelines, sheathing, plastic tubes, thermoplast
18、ic resins, tests, determination, shock resistance English version Plastics piping and ducting systems Thermoplastics pipes Determination of resistance to external blows by the staircase method Syste mes de canalisations et de gaines en plastiques Tubes thermoplastiques De termination de la re sistan
19、ce aus chocs externes par la me thode en escalier Kunststoff-Rohrleitungs- und Schutzrohrsysteme Rohre aus Thermoplasten Bestimmung der Widerstandsfa higkeit gegen a uere Schlagbeanspruchung im Stufenverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1996-01-04. CEN members are bound to comply
20、with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secret
21、ariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the offici
22、al versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 1411 : 1996 BSI 1996 Foreword This European Standard
23、has been prepared by the Technical Committee CEN/TC155, Plastics piping systems and ducting systems, of which the secretariat is held by NNI. This standard is based on ISO/CD 11173 : 1991 Thermoplastics pipes Determination of resistance to external blows Staircase method, prepared by the Internation
24、al Organization for Standardization (ISO). It is a modification of ISO/CD 11173 for reasons of applicability to other test conditions and alignment with texts of other standards on test methods. The modifications are: the procedure has been extended to enable use without prior knowledge of a relevan
25、t drop height, striker mass or H 50 value; editorial changes have been introduced. The material-dependent parameters and/or performance requirements are incorporated in the system standard(s) concerned. Annex A, which is informative, gives a bibliography. This standard is one of a series of standard
26、s on test methods which support system standards for plastics piping systems and ducting systems. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 1996, and conflicting national standards shal
27、l be withdrawn at the latest by July 1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,
28、Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom.Page 3 EN 1411 : 1996 BSI 1996 1 Scope This standard specifies a method for determining the resistance to external blows of thermoplastics pipes by using the staircase method. This method is not applicable to perforated pipes. The method is intended to be applied
29、for pipe testing at 0 C. When necessary the method can be applied at220 C or +23 C. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 2.1 H 50 value: The height of fall (drop height) of a striker of specified mass which provokes failure of 50 % of test pieces from sam
30、ples of pipe taken to represent a batch. NOTE. In practice, test pieces are drawn at random from a batch and the result is only an estimate of the H 50 for that batch. 2.2 production batch: a clearly identifiable collection of units, manufactured consecutively or continuously under the same conditio
31、ns, using material or compound conforming to the same specification. 3 Principle Test pieces, comprising cut lengths of pipe, are subjected to a single blow by a falling striker of specified mass and shape dropped from one of a sequence of different heights onto either a random position around the c
32、ircumference of the pipe or on to a specified generatrix of the pipe. If a test piece fails (see d) of 7.1), the drop height for the next blow is decreased by a predetermined amount. If a test piece does not fail, the drop height for the blow on the subsequent test piece is increased accordingly. If
33、 sufficient test pieces are used, the H 50 value of a batch, or a production run from an extruder, can be calculated. A preliminary test procedure (see 7.2) is carried out to obtain a rough indication of the H 50 value and to identify the first test piece from which the result will be used in a main
34、 test procedure (see 7.3). The severity of this test method can be adjusted to suit different specification needs by changing the mass of the striker and/or the test temperature. NOTE. It is assumed that the following test parameters are set by the standard making reference to this standard: a) the
35、type of striker and striker mass (see b) of 4.1 and a) of 7.1); b) the test and conditioning temperatures and the conditioning medium (see 4.2 and clause 6); c) the method of sampling (see 5.1); d) if appropriate, the number of test pieces to be used (see 5.2 and clause 7); e) if applicable, the pos
36、ition of impact on the test piece and/or any alternative or additional criteria (see b), c) and d) of 7.1); f) if applicable, the initial drop height to be used in place of the preliminary test procedure (see e) of 7.1); g) the required H 50 value for the pipe (see a) of 7.2.1). 4 Apparatus 4.1 A fa
37、lling weight impact testing machine incorporating the following basic components (see figure 1): a) main frame, with guide rails or a guiding tube rigidly fixed in the vertical position, to accommodate a striker (see b) and release it to fall vertically and freely such that the speed of the striker
38、at the moment of hitting the pipe is not less than 95 % of the theoretical speed; b) striker, having a nose comprising all or part of a hemispherical form combined with a cylindrical stem at least 10 mm long and having dimensions conforming to table 1 and figure 2, depending upon the mass of the str
39、iker. The mass of the striker, including any associated weights, shall be selected from table 2. Below the stem, the nose shall be of steel with a minimum wall thickness of 5 mm and the striking surface shall be free from imperfections that could influence the results. Table 1. Dimensions for the no
40、se of the striker (see figure 2) Type R s DD sa mm mm mm d25 50 25 1 *) *) d90 50 90 1 *) *) *) Not specified Table 2. Masses of strikers Masses in kilograms Mass of striker 0,005 kg Type d25 Type d90 0,25 1,0 2,0 4,0 8,0 15,0 0,5 1,25 2,5 5,0 10,0 0,8 1,6 3,2 6,3 12,5Page 4 EN 1411 : 1996 BSI 1996
41、Key A Guide B Graduated scale, vertically adjustable for different sizes of pipe C Main frame D Striker E Steel block 120, V-shaped or flat (see c) of 4.1) F Solid base G Sufficient to give a clear height from striker to pipe of at least 2 m Figure 1. Typical impact testing machine c) rigid test pie
42、ce support, having one of the following forms as applicable. 1) For pipes having a circular external cross section, consisting of a 120 V-block of steel at least 200 mm long, positioned so that the axis of the line of fall of the nose of the striker shall intersect the axes of the V to within 2,5 mm
43、 (see figure 1). 2) For pipes with a flat bottom, a horizontal support of flat steel together with guides to ensure that the line of fall of the striker shall intercept to within 2,5 mm the striking point specified on the test piece by the referring standard. The support construction shall be suffic
44、iently rigid not to cushion the effect of the impact. d) release mechanism, such that the striker can fall from a variable height which can be adjusted up to 2 m, as measured from the top surface of the test piece with an accuracy of 10 mm. The drop height shall be a multiple of 100 mm. 4.2 A liquid
45、 bath or air cabinet, capable of maintaining one of the following conditioning temperatures for testing at the temperature as specified in the referring standard. For testing at 0 C, the conditioning temperature shall be (0 1) C. For testing at220 C, the conditioning temperature shall be (220 2) C F
46、or testing at +23 C, the conditioning temperature shall be (+ 23 2) C.Page 5 EN 1411 : 1996 BSI 1996 Dimensions in millimetres Figure 2. Dimensions of strikers 5 Test pieces 5.1 Preparation The test pieces shall be cut from pipes selected at random. In the case of pipes having longitudinal seam line
47、s, the seam lines (see note) shall be marked, e.g. with different colours, before the pipe is cut as follows. NOTE. When pipes are continuously moulded between two running moulds, lines are formed in the longitudinal direction of the pipe which are called seam lines. For each test piece, the length
48、shall be (200 10) mm. The cut ends shall be square to the axis of the pipe, clean and free from damage. For helically ribbed pipes the cut end of the helical rib shall be rounded off in order to eliminate any sharp edges. 5.2 Number Unless otherwise specified by the referring standard, up to 50 test
49、 pieces shall be used as follows: a) for a given striker mass, up to 10 test pieces may be used for the preliminary test procedure (see 7.2) to determine the drop height which provokes the first failure; b) at least 20 test pieces are used for the main test procedure (see 7.3). NOTE. Only one blow is made per test piece.Page 6 EN 1411 : 1996 BSI 1996 6 Conditioning Condition the test pieces in a liquid bath or air for not less than the applicable period given in table 3 where that period shall c
