1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1946-3:1999 The Eur
2、opean Standard EN 1946-3:1999 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.100.01; 91.120.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Thermal performance of building products and components Specific criteria for the assessment of laboratories measuring heat transfer prop
3、erties Part 3: Measurements by heat flow meter methodThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 May 1999 BSI 05-1999 ISBN 0 580 32163 0 BS EN 1946-3:1999
4、 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1946-3:1999. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee RHE/9, Thermal insulating materials, to Subcommittee RHE/9/2, Therm
5、al properties of insulating materials, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European dev
6、elopments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards
7、Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for th
8、eir correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Sta
9、ndardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1999 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1946-3:1999 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1946
10、-3 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM January 1999 ICS 91.100.01; 91.120.10 Descriptors: building products, heat transfer, thermal resistance, testing, laboratory assessment, heat flow meter, error analysis, performance check English version Thermal performance of building products and components S
11、pecific criteria for the assessment of laboratories measuring heat transfer properties Part 3: Measurements by heat flow meter method Performance thermique des produits et composants pour le ba timent Crite res particuliers pour le valuation des laboratoires mesurant les proprie te s de transmission
12、 thermique Partie 3: Mesurages selon la me thode fluxme trique Wa rmetechnisches Verhalten von Bauprodukten und Bauteilen Technische Kriterien zur Begutachtung von Laboratorien bei der Durchfu hrung der Messungen von Wa rmeu bertragungseigenschaften Teil 3: Messung nach dem Verfahren mit dem Wa rmes
13、trommeplatten-Gera t This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 December 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists a
14、nd bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsib
15、ility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherl
16、ands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 1946-3:1999 BSI 05-1999 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 89, Thermal performance of buildings and building components, the Secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European
17、 Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 1999. This European Standard is divided into parts. The first part covers
18、common criteria applicable to all heat transfer property measurements; each subsequent part covers the specific technical criteria applicable to each heat transfer property measurement method described in appropriate standards. The following parts have been developed: Part 1: Common criteria; Part 2
19、: Measurements by guarded hot plate method; Part 3: Measurements by heat flow meter method; Part 4: Measurements by hot box methods; Part 5: Measurements by pipe test methods. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound
20、 to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Defi
21、nitions 3 4 Equipment manual 3 5 Calibration and maintenance files 9 6 Measurement procedure document 9 7 Assessment 9 Annex A (normative) Determination of apparatus emissivity 11 Annex B (normative) Edge heat losses and maximum specimen thickness 12 Annex C (informative) Calculations of some heat f
22、low meter errors 14Page 3 EN 1946-3:1999 BSI 05-1999 1 Scope This part 3 of this standard provides specific technical criteria for the assessment of laboratories to undertake steady-state heat transfer property measurements by the heat flow meter method according to prEN 12667 and prEN 12664. It com
23、plements the common criteria in part 1. Guidance is given on the organization and contents of the equipment manual, the calibration and maintenance files and the measurement procedure document. It provides information on mandatory equipment performance specifications, equipment description and on ca
24、lculations for the equipment design and error analysis. It provides information on experimental procedures suitable for the assessment of equipment accuracy. 2 Normative references This standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative reference
25、s are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest editio
26、n of the publication referred to applies. EN 1946-1:1999, Thermal performance of building products and components Specific criteria for the assessment of laboratories measuring heat transfer properties Part 1: Common criteria. prEN 12664:1996, Building materials Determination of thermal resistance b
27、y means of guarded hot plate and heat flow meter methods Dry and moist products of medium and low thermal resistance. prEN 12667:1996, Building materials Determination of thermal resistance by means of guarded hot plate and heat flow meter methods Products of high and medium thermal resistance. prEN
28、 12939, Building materials Determination of thermal resistance by means of guarded hot plate and heat flow meter methods Thick products of high and medium thermal resistance. ISO 8301:1991, Thermal insulation Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties Heat flow meter app
29、aratus. ISO 8302:1991, Thermal insulation Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties Guarded hot plate apparatus. 3 Definitions The definitions in EN 1946-1:1999 and in ISO 8301:1991 also apply to this part of the standard. 4 Equipment manual 4.1 General The equipment ma
30、nual shall provide the information specified in 5.2.2 to 5.2.5 of EN 1946-1:1999 and the information specified in this clause. NOTE Information common to more than one piece of equipment need not be duplicated, e.g. the principle, details of the design and operation of two pieces of equipment built
31、to a common design. Annex B of prEN 12664:1996 or prEN 12667:1996, which indicates all limiting values for apparatus performance and testing conditions, shall be used as a checklist during the assessment process by the parties concerned to ensure compliance with all the requirements of those standar
32、ds. 4.2 Equipment performance specifications According to 2.3.1 of ISO 8301:1991, the upper and lower limits for the following relevant tested properties and testing conditions, including possible interactions among them, shall be specified: specimen thickness; thermal resistance; temperature differ
33、ence across the specimen; heating and cooling unit temperature; surrounding environment (temperature, relative humidity) at the edge of the specimen during the test; sensitivity coefficient of the heat flow meter. 4.3 Equipment description The following information shall be documented and shall be a
34、vailable for examination during the assessment: principle of operation (see 1.6 of ISO 8301:1991); type of configuration of the apparatus (see 2.1 of ISO 8301:1991); principal dimensions of apparatus, in particular heating and cooling unit width, central metering area and guard width; simple diagram
35、s illustrating the design of the equipment with special attention to the thermopile design (see 2.2.2.3 of ISO 8301:1991), the heating and cooling unit piping (see 2.2.1.1 of ISO 8301:1991) and edge insulation (see 2.2.5.1 of ISO 8301:1991); position, connections and numbering of temperature sensors
36、 (see 2.2.3.1 of ISO 8301:1991); electrical components/instruments, apparatus enclosure and main ancillary equipment; details of data acquisition system and related computer programs for data analysis. To avoid duplication, reference can be made to manuals supplied by the instrument manufacturers or
37、 to relevant clauses of ISO 8301:1991.Page 4 EN 1946-3:1999 BSI 05-1999 a) Single-specimen asymmetrical configuration b) Single-specimen symmetrical configuration c) Two-specimen symmetrical configuration U9,U0 cooling and heating units H, H9,H0 heat flow meters S, S9,S0 specimens Figure 1 Typical l
38、ayouts of heat flow meter apparatus configurations 4.4 Equipment design and error analysis 4.4.1 General With reference to the performance specification given in 4.2, details shall be given of the design guidelines followed, and the error analysis as summarized in 4.4.2 to 4.4.9, considering also, w
39、hen applicable, 2.2 of ISO 8302:1991 on the guarded hot plate apparatus. Some guidelines on error analysis are given in this subclause; more specific information on some errors is supplied in annex B, while error calculations are supplied in annex C for some typical cases. Examples of equipment conf
40、orming to annex C are supplied in D.2 of prEN 12667:1996. For equipment having characteristics exactly as indicated in this subclause or design details as indicated in annex C of this part and in D.2 of prEN 12667:1996, no further calculations are needed. In other circumstances similar calculations
41、can be performed by analogy. 4.4.2 Edge heat losses and maximum specimen thickness According to 2.2.5.3 of ISO 8301:1991, the edge heat loss error shall be kept within 0,5 %. For single-specimen asymmetrical configurations, see Figure 1a), provided that the heat flow meter thickness is within 2 % of
42、 the overall apparatus size, see 1.7.2.2 and 2.2.5.2.1 of ISO 8301:1991 for guidance, the fourth column of Table 1 gives for some apparatus dimensions the maximum allowed specimen thickness according to 2.2.1 of ISO 8302:1991 on the guarded hot plate, when there is no edge insulation and when the ed
43、ge temperature ratio, e, is 0,25; e is defined as (T e 2 T 2 )/(T 1 2 T 2 ), where T 1 and T 2 are respectively the temperatures of the hot and cold surfaces of the specimen, and T e is the temperature at the edge of the specimen, assumed to be uniform. EXAMPLE e = 0,25 corresponds to a temperature
44、of the edge of the specimen 5 K below the mean test temperature, when the temperature difference between the hot and cold side of the specimen is 20 K. NOTE The edge heat loss error is zero for homogeneous isotropic specimens when e is close to 0,5; the absolute value of the edge heat loss error inc
45、reases almost symmetrically when e deviates on either side from 0,5. In the range 0,25# e# 0,75, this error is maximum for e = 0,25. When the heat flow meter thickness exceeds the above quoted 2 %, the sum of specimen and heat flow meter thickness should conform with Table 1 data. For single-specime
46、n symmetrical configurations, see Figure 1b), the specimen thickness can be up to 50 % higher than that of the single-specimen asymmetrical configuration, see 1.7.2.2 and 2.2.5.2.3 of ISO 8301:1991 and the fifth column of Table 1. For two-specimen symmetrical configurations, see Figure 1c), the spec
47、imen thickness shall be smaller than that of the single-specimen asymmetrical configuration, see 2.2.5.2.2 of ISO 8301:1991; calculation can be made for the edge temperature ratio e = 0, see the sixth column of Table 1. Larger specimen thicknesses can be used for some specimens if edge insulation or
48、 edge temperature control is used, if auxiliary or gradient guards are installed, or medium and high conductivity specimens are tested. See annex B for additional information. When the maximum specimen thickness, to be specified according to 4.2, exceeds the appropriate value given in Table 1, later
49、al losses shall be calculated. If, according to these calculations, they exceed those permitted by ISO 8301:1991, the performance check data shall be examined and, if no experimental evidence exists to justify the claimed maximum specimen thickness, the maximum specimen thickness to be specified according to 4.2 shall be reduced.Page 5 EN 1946-3:1999 BSI 05-1999 Table 1 Minimum and maximum allowed specimen thickness Dimensions in millimetres Overall size Meter
