1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1978:1998 The Europ
2、ean Standard EN 1978:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 77.150.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Copper and copper alloys Copper cathodesThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published u
3、nder the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 29726 8 BS EN 1978:1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1978:1998. Together with BS EN 1
4、976:1998 it supersedes BS 6017:1981 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee NFE/34, Copper and copper alloys, to Subcommittee NFE/34/1, Wrought and unwrought copper and copper alloys, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understan
5、d the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee
6、can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using t
7、he “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity fro
8、m legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 9 and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36
9、, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1978:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1978 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM March 1998 ICS Descriptors: Copper, copper alloys, cathodes, designation, chemical com
10、position, dimensions, electrical properties, sampling, tests, marking English version Copper and copper alloys Copper cathodes Cuivre et alliages de cuivre Cathodes en cuivre Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen Kupfer-Kathoden This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 February 1998. CEN members are
11、bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to th
12、e Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same stat
13、us as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 1978:1998 BSI 1998 Fo
14、reword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 133, Copper and copper alloys, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 133 requested CEN/TC 133/WG 1, Unwrought copper products to prepare the following standard: E
15、N 1978, Copper and copper alloys copper cathodes. This is one of a series of European Standards for products manufactured from refined copper grades. Other products are specified as follows: EN 1976, Copper and copper alloys Cast unwrought copper products. EN 1977, Copper and copper alloys Copper dr
16、awing stock (wire rod). This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 1998. According to the CEN/
17、CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
18、 Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction 3 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 3.1 cathode 3 3.2 lot (copper cathodes) 3 3.3 bundle 3 3.4 sample cathodes 3 3.5 cathode sample 3 3.6 bulk sample 3 3.7 analysis sample 3 4 Designations 3 4.1 Material 3 4.
19、2 Product 3 5 Ordering information 4 6 Requirements 4 6.1 Composition 4 6.2 Electrical properties 4 6.3 Dimensions and tolerances 4 6.4 Surface condition 4 7 Sampling 6 8 Test methods 6 8.1 Analysis 6 8.2 Electrical resistivity 6 8.3 Retests 6 8.4 Rounding of results 6 9 Declaration of conformity an
20、d inspection documentation 7 9.1 Declaration of conformity 7 9.2 Inspection documentation 7 10 Marking 10 Annex A (normative) Methods for use in cases of dispute, for the sampling of cathodes and for the preparation of analysis samples 8 Annex B (informative) Information on electrical resistivity an
21、d conductivity relationships 9 Annex C (informative) Bibliography 9Page 3 EN 1978:1998 BSI 1998 Introduction This standard was prepared to combine the various requirements and methods of test for copper cathodes, previously dealt with in a range of separate national standards. Copper cathodes are in
22、tended for melting. Cu-CATH-1 (CR001A) is primarily intended for the production of high conductivity copper, such as for drawing stock. Cu-CATH-2 (CR002A) is intended for the production of other wrought products for electrical and general purposes. 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the compos
23、ition and property requirements for cathodes of two copper grades, designated Cu-CATH-1 (CR001A) and Cu-CATH-2 (CR002A). Annex A (normative) describes methods for sampling cathodes for use in cases of dispute between the purchaser and the supplier. Annex B (informative) gives information on the rela
24、tionships between electrical resistivity and conductivity of copper. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are list
25、ed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 1655, Copper and copper
26、alloys Declarations of conformity. EN 10204, Metallic products Types of inspection documents. IEC 468, Method of measurement of resistivity of metallic materials. ISO 1553, Unalloyed copper containing not less than 99,90 % of copper Determination of copper content Electrolytic method. NOTE Informati
27、ve references to documents used in the preparation of this standard, and cited at the appropriate places in the text, are listed in a bibliography, see annex C. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 cathode flat, unwrought product made by electrolytic
28、deposition 3.2 lot (copper cathodes) quantity of copper cathodes weighing over 25 t and up to and including 200 t, consisting of one consignment, or part of one consignment, produced by one refinery 3.3 bundle total amount of a certain number of cathodes, typically 20 to 60, stacked together and sec
29、ured, generally by steel bands 3.4 sample cathodes number of cathodes randomly selected from the lot, and considered in total to be representative of the lot 3.5 cathode sample portion of one of the sample cathodes (see 3.4) obtained by systematic cutting of vertical strips 3.6 bulk sample sample pr
30、oduced by melting and casting into a suitable mould (or moulds) the cathode samples (see 3.5) obtained from all the sample cathodes and considered to be representative of the lot 3.7 analysis sample representative fractions of swarf taken from the swarf arising from drilling, milling or sawing the b
31、ulk sample castings (see 3.6) 4 Designations 4.1 Material 4.1.1 General The material is designated either by symbol or number (see Table 1). 4.1.2 Symbol The material symbol designation is based upon the designation system given in ISO 1190-1. 4.1.3 Number The material number designation is in accor
32、dance with the system given in EN 1412. 4.2 Product The product designation provides a standardized pattern of designation from which a rapid and unequivocal description of a product is conveyed in communication. It provides mutual comprehension at the international level with regard to products whi
33、ch meet the requirements of the relevant European Standard.Page 4 EN 1978:1998 BSI 1998 The product designation is no substitute for the full content of the standard. The product designation for products to this standard shall consist of: denomination (Cathode); number of this European Standard (EN
34、1978); material designation, either symbol or number (see Table 1). The derivation of a product designation is shown in the following example. EXAMPLE Cathode conforming to this standard, in material designated either Cu-CATH-1 or CR001A, shall be designated as follows: Cathode or Cathode EN 1978 EN
35、 1978 Cu-CATH-1 CR001A Denomination Number of this European Standard Material designation 5 Ordering information In order to facilitate the enquiry, order and confirmation of order procedures between the purchaser and the supplier, the purchaser shall state on his enquiry and order the following inf
36、ormation: a) quantity of product required (mass); b) denomination (Cathode); c) number of this European Standard (EN 1978); d) material designation (see Table 1). NOTE It is recommended that the product designation, as described in 4.2, is used for items b) to d). In addition, the purchaser shall al
37、so state on the enquiry and order any of the following, if required: e) the dimensions and tolerances required, if the cathodes are to be supplied cut to size (see 6.3); f) whether a declaration of conformity is required (see 9.1); g) whether an inspection document is required, and if so, which type
38、 (see 9.2). EXAMPLE Ordering details for 100 t of cathode conforming to EN 1978, in material designated either Cu-CATH-1 or CR001A: 100 t Cathode EN 1978 Cu-CATH-1 or 100 t Cathode EN 1978 CR001A 6 Requirements 6.1 Composition The composition shall conform to the requirements for the appropriate gra
39、de given in Table 1. 6.2 Electrical properties The electrical properties shall conform to the requirements for the appropriate grade given in Table 2. The tests shall be carried out in accordance with 8.2. NOTE Mass resistivity is the mandatory electrical property requirement in this standard. The r
40、elationship between mass resistivity and the corresponding volume resistivity and conductivity is given in annex B. 6.3 Dimensions and tolerances The cathodes shall be either whole, or cut to sizes as agreed between the purchaser and the supplier and stated in the purchasers order see 5e). 6.4 Surfa
41、ce condition Cathodes shall withstand ordinary handling without breakage. They shall be reasonably free from nodules, outgrowth edges and from all extraneous materials such as electrolyte residues, dirt, grease and oil.Page 5 EN 1978:1998 BSI 1998 Table 1 Composition of Cu-CATH-1 (CR001A) and Cu-CAT
42、H-2 (CR002A) Material designation Composition %( m / m ) Element Cu Ag As Bi Cd Co Cr Fe Mn Ni P Pb S Sb Se Si Sn Te Zn Sum of elements listed in this table other than copper Symbol Number Cu-CATH-1 CR001A min. max. 0,0025 0,0005 1) 0,00020 2) 1) 3) 1) 0,0010 3) 1) 3) 1) 0,0005 0,0015 4) 0,0004 1) 0
43、,00020 2) 3) 3) 0,00020 2) 3) 0,0065 Cu-CATH-2 CR002A min. 99,90 5) max. 0,0005 0.005 0,03 excluding Ag 1) (As + Cd + Cr + Mn + P + Sb) maximum 0,0015 %. 2) (Bi + Se + Te) maximum 0,000 3 %, of which (Se + Te) maximum 0,000 30 %. 3) (Co + Fe + Ni + Si + Sn + Zn) maximum 0,0020 %. 4) The sulfur conte
44、nt shall be determined on a cast sample. 5) Including silver up to a maximum of 0,015 %.Page 6 EN 1978:1998 BSI 1998 Table 2 Electrical properties of Cu-CATH-1 (CR001A) and Cu-CATH-2 (CR002A) at 208C Material designation Electrical properties (see NOTE 1) Symbol Number Mass resistivity Nominal volum
45、e resistivity Nominal conductivity Vg/m 2 mVm MS/m % IACS max. max. min. min. Cu-CATH-1 CR001A 0,151 76 (0,017 07) (58,58) (101,0) Cu-CATH-2 CR002A 0,153 28 (0,017 24) (58,00) (100,0) NOTE 1 Nominal values for volume resistivity and conductivity have been calculated from mass resistivity by methods
46、described in annex B. NOTE 2 Because of the inaccuracies involved in the calculations, these nominal values, which are given for guidance purposes, are enclosed in parentheses. NOTE 3 For explanation of % IACS, see B.2. 7 Sampling For the routine sampling of cathodes for analysis, or for the routine
47、 determination of electrical properties, the method of sampling shall be at the discretion of the sampler. In cases of dispute concerning the composition, the cathodes shall be sampled and the analysis samples prepared in accordance with the procedure described in annex A. In cases of dispute concer
48、ning the electrical properties, unless otherwise agreed between the disputing parties (see NOTE), the cathodes shall be sampled in accordance with the procedure described in annex A. The electrical resistivity of each lot in dispute shall be determined on one of the three test ingots cast from the b
49、ulk sample(s) (see A.6). NOTE Other sampling methods may be used for obtaining the representative sample(s) for the determination of the electrical resistivity in cases of dispute, subject to agreement between the disputing parties. 8 Test methods 8.1 Analysis 8.1.1 Routine analysis For the routine analysis of cathodes, the methods of analysis used shall be at the discretion of the analyst
