1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1987-1 : 1997 The E
2、uropean Standard EN 1987-1 : 1997 has the status of a British Standard ICS 43.120 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Electrically propelled road vehicles Specific requirements for safety Part 1. On board energy storageThis British Standard, having been prepared un
3、der the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1997 BSI 1997 ISBN 0 580 28373 9 BS EN 1987-1 : 1997 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British Standa
4、rd is the English language version of EN 1987-1 : 1997. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AUE/19, Electric vehicle, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the int
5、erpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards w
6、hich implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. Compliance with a British S
7、tandard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europ
8、a isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1997 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1987-1 : 1997 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1987-1 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM June 1997 I
9、CS 43.120 Descriptors: Road vehicles, electric vehicles, safety, accident prevention, storage, energy, traction batteries, installation, marking, air pollution, environmental protection, gas emissions, collisions, overturning (vehicles), specifications English version Electrically propelled road veh
10、icles Specific requirements for safety Part 1: On board energy storage Ve hicules routiers a propulsion e lectrique Prescriptions particulie res pour la se curite Partie 1: Stockage de le nergie a bord du ve hicule Elektrisch angetriebene Straenfahrzeuge Besondere Festlegungen fu r die Sicherheit Te
11、il 1: Bordeigene Energiespeicher This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1997-05-23. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date l
12、ists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the res
13、ponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, N
14、etherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 1987-1 : 1997 BSI 1997 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 301, Electrically propelled road vehicles, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard sh
15、all be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 1997, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 1997. This European Standard EN 1987 consists of the following Parts, under th
16、e general title Electrically propelled road vehicles Specific requirements for safety. Part 1 : On board energy storage; Part 2 : Functional safety means and protection against failure; Part 3 : Protection of users against electrical hazards. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the na
17、tional standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
18、 Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 3.1 cell 3 3.2 battery module 3 3.3 battery pack 3 3.4 battery (traction battery) 3 3.5 exposed conductive part 3 3.6 live part 3 3.7 electrical chassis 3 3.8 direct contact 3 3.9 power circuit 3 3.10 drive system 3 3.11 co
19、nnection terminal 3 4 Marking 3 4.1 Battery pack 3 4.2 Battery type 3 Page 5 Exhaust gas from battery 4 6 Installation rules of the battery 4 6.1 Protection against direct contact 4 6.2 Insulation resistance of the battery 4 6.3 Creepage distance 6 6.4 Ventilation 7 6.5 Chemical hazards 7 6.6 Inter-
20、battery modules liaison 7 7 Over-current battery switch 7 7.1 Function 7 7.2 Assembly requirements 7 7.3 Switching requirements 7 8 Specific requirements for the crash test regarding on board energy storage 8 8.1 Protection of occupants 8 8.2 Protection of third party 8 8.3 Protection against short
21、circuit 8 9 Safety requirements regarding the battery after an inversion of a vehicle 8 Annex A (normative) Over-current battery switches implantation 9 A.1 Single battery pack 9 A.2 Several battery packs 10 Annex B (informative) Air flow calculation for hydrogen emission with flooded battery (witho
22、ut recombination) 11 B.1 Chemical formula 11 B.2 Example of air flow calculation 11 Annex C (informative) Bibliography 11Page 3 EN 1987-1 : 1997 BSI 1997 1 Scope This European Standard specifies all requirements specific to electrically propelled vehicles in order that they remain safe both for the
23、users of the vehicle and for the environment of the vehicle (pedestrian, protection of nature against pollution etc.). This standard does not apply to maintenance operations and specific requirements for vehicles connected to an external power supply. This Part deals with specific requirements relat
24、ed to the on board electrochemical storage of energy. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For d
25、ated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 60529 : 1991 Degree of protection provided
26、 by enclosures, (IP codes) (IEC 529 : 1989). HD 366 : 1977 Classification of electrical and electronic equipment with regard to protection against electric shocks (IEC 536 : 1976). prEN 1987-3 : 1996 Electrically propelled road vehicles Specific prescriptions for safety Part 3: Protection of users a
27、gainst electrical hazards. IEC 417K Graphic symbols for use on equipment. Index, survey and compilation of the single sheets Tenth supplement. ISO 3864 : 1984 Safety colours and safety signs. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 cell A cell is an elec
28、trochemical energy storage device, of which the nominal voltage is the electrochemical couple nominal voltage, made of positive and negative electrodes, and an electrolyte. 3.2 battery module A battery module is a single unit containing one cell or a set of cells electrically connected and mechanica
29、lly assembled. 3.3 battery pack A battery pack is a single mechanical assembly comprising battery modules, retaining frames or trays. The battery pack can include other components, for example topping-up and temperature control. 3.4 battery (traction battery) A battery is the collection of all batte
30、ry packs which are electrically connected, for the supply of energy to the power circuit. 3.5 exposed conductive part In accordance with International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV), an exposed conductive part is a conductive part which can readily be touched, and which is not electrically energi
31、zed in normal use, but which can become energized under fault conditions (insulation failure). For this standard, readily be touched means can be touched with a test finger IPXXB as defined in EN 60529 : 1991. NOTE. This concept is relative to a specific electrical circuit. A live part in one circui
32、t can be an exposed conductive part to another, e.g. a car body can be a live part of the auxiliary network but an exposed conductive part to the power circuit 3.6 live part A live part is any conductor or conductive part intended to be electrically energized in normal use. 3.7 electrical chassis An
33、 electrical chassis is a set made of conductive parts electrically linked together, and all other conductive parts electrically linked to them, whose potential is taken as reference. 3.8 direct contact Direct contact is contact of persons or livestock with live parts. 3.9 power circuit The power cir
34、cuit comprises all the power equipment such as traction battery, converter (inverter, chopper, etc.), traction motor and cables and connectors, used for the propulsion of the electric vehicle and other equipment (d.c./d.c. converter, step-up, etc.) galvanically connected with this power equipment. 3
35、.10 drive system The drive system includes all electric traction motors and the power control units for these motors; not the on board electric power source, e.g. the traction battery, not the auxiliary electronic devices, and not converters, e.g. d.c./d.c. converter, on board charger (unless it is
36、common with the inverter motor controller). 3.11 connection terminal A connection terminal is a live part of a battery module outside the enclosure of the battery module, intended to transmit electrical energy. 4 Marking 4.1 Battery pack Nearby the battery pack shall appear the symbol given in figur
37、e 1. This warning shall be unalterable and very visible if someone tries to access the battery. 4.2 Battery type The chemical type of battery shall be clearly and visibly indicated for the benefit of emergency and rescue people.Page 4 EN 1987-1 : 1997 BSI 1997 (back : yellow, border and symbol : bla
38、ck), in accordance with IEC 417K and ISO 3864 : 1984, and the nominal voltage of the battery. Figure 1. 5 Exhaust gas from battery The vehicle manufacturer shall state the maximum flow rate (in cubic metres per hour) and the maximum volume (in cubic metres) in the two following situations: in case o
39、f normal service; and in case of a first failure of devices involved in the charging process. NOTE. These two values can be used to determine the ventilation device in the charging room. 6 Installation rules of the battery 6.1 Protection against direct contact Protection against direct contacts shal
40、l conform to clause 5 of prEN 1987-3 : 1996. 6.2 Insulation resistance of the battery 6.2.1 Test method Considering the requirements and the measuring devices used, this test is not applicable for insulation resistances of the battery higher than 1 MV. If the battery has a galvanic link to the elect
41、rical chassis of the vehicle, the insulation resistance values and the measurement method are still valid. To do the measurement, it is only necessary to disconnect the battery from the electrical chassis of the vehicle. Throughout the test, the battery shall have an open circuit voltage greater tha
42、n its nominal value. The two poles of the battery shall be disconnected from the power circuit. The voltmeter used in this test shall measure d.c. values and have an internal resistance greater than 10 MV. Measurement shall be made in three steps: a) step one: Measure U 1 in accordance with the test
43、 assembly in figure 2. 1 traction battery 2 electrical chassis Figure 2.Page 5 EN 1987-1 : 1997 BSI 1997 b) step two: Measure U9 1 in accordance with the test assembly in figure 3. 1 Traction battery 2 Electrical chassis Figure 3. c) step three: I fU 1 U9 1 Measure U 2 in accordance with the test as
44、sembly in figure 4, where: R 0 is a standard resistance whose value shall be between (1003 U)V and (5003 U)V, with U as the nominal voltage of the battery, in volts. The value of the insulation resistance R i is given by formula (1): (1) R i = R 0 (U 1 2 U 2 ) U 2 1 Traction battery 2 Electrical cha
45、ssis Figure 4. I fU 1 U9 1 Measure U9 2 in accordance with the test assembly in figure 5, where: R 0 is a standard resistance whose value shall be between (1003 U)V and (5003 U)V, with U as the nominal voltage of the battery, in volts. The value of the insulation resistance R i is given by formula (
46、2): (2) R i = R 0 (U9 1 2 U9 2 ) U9 2Page 6 EN 1987-1 : 1997 BSI 1997 1 Conductive surface 2 Connection terminal (battery module, battery pack or battery) 3 Creepage distance Figure 6. 1 Traction battery 2 Electrical chassis Figure 5. 6.2.2 Requirements For a new battery the insulation resistance R
47、i shall be greater than (5003 U)V, where U is the nominal voltage of the battery. This value shall stay higher than (1003 U)V within its lifetime. 6.3 Creepage distance This subclause deals with additional leakage current hazards between the connection terminal of a battery module including any cond
48、uctive fittings attached to them and any exposed conductive parts, due to the risk of electrolyte spillage or leakage. It does not apply to fully sealed batteries, for which the determination of the creepage distance is made in accordance with HD 366 : 1977. The creepage distance (see figure 6) is t
49、he shortest distance from a live part of one terminal including any conductive fittings attached to it, to the electrical chassis, along insulated surface, or between two live parts of connection terminals that are of different potential. If electrolyte leakage can occur, the creepage distance shall be as follows: a) Case of a creepage distance between two connection terminals: d$ 0,25 U + 5 (3) where : d is the creepage distance measured on the tested battery, in millimetres; U is the theoretical nom
