1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 1998-6:2005Eurocode 8 Design of structures for earthquake resistance Part 6: Towers, masts and chimneysThe European Standard EN 1998-6:2005 has the status of a British StandardICS 91.120.25g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44
2、g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Apr 14 02:25:25 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1998-6:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Str
3、ategy Committee on 12 January 2006 BSI 12 January 2006ISBN 0 580 46614 0National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 1998-6:2005. It supersedes DD ENV 1998-3:1997 which is withdrawn.The structural Eurocodes are divided into packages by grouping Eurocodes for
4、each of the main materials, concrete, steel, composite concrete and steel, timber, masonry and aluminium. This is to enable a common date of withdrawal (DOW) for all the relevant parts that are needed for a particular design. The conflicting national standards will be withdrawn at the end of the coe
5、xistence period, after all the EN Eurocodes of a package are available.Following publication of the EN, there is a period of two years allowed for the national calibration period during which the national annex is issued, followed by a three year coexistence period. During the coexistence period Mem
6、ber States will be encouraged to adapt their national provisions to withdraw conflicting national rules before the end of the coexistence period. The Commission in consultation with Member States is expected to agree the end of the coexistence period for each package of Eurocodes.At the end of the c
7、oexistence period, the national standards will be withdrawn. In the UK, there is no corresponding national standard.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/8, Structures in seismic regions, w
8、hich has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them
9、in the UK.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be made at the national level, the range and possible choice will be given in the normative text, and a note will qualify it as a Na
10、tionally Determined Parameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specific level or class, a particular method or a particular application rule if several are proposed in the EN.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, page i, a blank page, the EN
11、 title page, pages 2 to 47 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Apr 14 02:25:25 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1998-6:2005i
12、To enable EN 1998 to be used in the UK, the NDPs will be published in a National Annex, which will be made available by BSI in due course, after public consultation has taken place.There are generally no requirements in the UK to consider seismic loading, and the whole of the UK may be considered an
13、 area of very low seismicity in which the provisions of EN 1998 need not apply. However, certain types of structure, by reason of their function, location or form, may warrant an explicit consideration of seismic actions. It is the intention in due course to publish separately background information
14、 on the circumstances in which this might apply in the UK.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using
15、 the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from
16、 legal obligations.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Apr 14 02:25:25 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIblankLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Apr 14 02:25:25 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1998-6 June 2005 ICS 91.120.25 Supersedes ENV 1998-3:
17、1996 English version Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance - Part 6: Towers, masts and chimneys Eurocode 8: Calcul des structures pour leur rsistance aux sismes - Partie 6 : Tours, mts et chemines Eurocode 8: Auslegung von Bauwerken gegen Erdbeben - Teil 6: Trme, Maste und Schor
18、nsteine This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 April 2005. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographic
19、al references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN m
20、ember into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, L
21、ithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN
22、All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1998-6:2005: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Apr 14 02:25:25 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1998-6:2005 (E) 2 Contents 1 GENERAL 8 1.1 SCOPE 8 1.2 REFERENCES 8 1.3 ASSUMPTIONS 9
23、 1.4 DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATION RULES 9 1.5 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 10 1.5.1 Special terms used in EN 1998-6 10 1.6 SYMBOLS 10 1.6.1 General 10 1.6.2 Further symbols used in EN 1998-6 10 1.7 S.I. UNITS 11 2 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND COMPLIANCE CRITERIA 12 2.1 FUNDAMENTAL REQUIRE
24、MENTS 12 2.2 COMPLIANCE CRITERIA 12 2.2.1 Foundation 12 2.2.2 Ultimate limit state 12 2.2.3 Damage limitation state 12 3 SEISMIC ACTION 13 3.1 DEFINITION OF THE SEISMIC INPUT 13 3.2 ELASTIC RESPONSE SPECTRUM 3.3 DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRUM 3.4 TIME-HISTORY REPRESENTATION 13 3.5 LONG PERIOD COMPONENTS O
25、F THE MOTION AT A POINT 13 3.6 GROUND MOTION COMPONENTS 14 4 DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT TOWERS, MASTS AND CHIMNEYS 15 4.1 IMPORTANCE CLASSES AND IMPORTANCE FACTORS 15 4.2 MODELLING RULES AND ASSUMPTIONS 15 4.2.1 Number of degrees of freedom 15 4.2.2 Masses 16 4.2.3 Stiffness 16 4.2.4 Damping 17
26、4.2.5 Soil-structure interaction 17 4.3 METHODS OF ANALYSIS 18 4.3.1 Applicable methods 18 4.3.2 Lateral force method 18 4.3.2.1 General 18 4.3.2.2 Seismic forces 19 4.3.3 Modal response spectrum analysis 19 4.3.3.1 General 19 4.3.3.2 Number of modes 19 4.3.3.3 Combination of modes 19 4.4 COMBINATIO
27、NS OF THE EFFECTS OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE SEISMIC ACTION 20 4.5 COMBINATIONS OF THE SEISMIC ACTION WITH OTHER ACTIONS 20 4.6 DISPLACEMENTS 20 4.7 SAFETY VERIFICATIONS 4.7.1 Ultimate limit state 20 4.7.2 Resistance condition of the structural elements 20 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Apr 14 02:25
28、:25 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1998-6:2005 (E) 3 4.7.3 Second order effects 21 4.7.4 Resistance of connections 21 4.7.5 Stability 21 4.7.6 Ductility and energy dissipation condition 22 4.7.7 Foundations 22 4.7.8 Guys and fittings 22 4.8 THERMAL EFFECTS 22 4.9 DAMAGE LIMITATION STATE 22 4
29、.10 BEHAVIOUR FACTOR 23 4.10.1 General 23 4.10.2 Values of modification factor kr23 5 SPECIFIC RULES FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE CHIMNEYS 25 5.1 SCOPE 25 5.2 DESIGN FOR DISSIPATIVE BEHAVIOUR 25 5.3 DETAILING OF THE REINFORCEMENT 26 5.3.1 Minimum reinforcement (vertical and horizontal) 26 5.3.2 Minimum r
30、einforcement around openings 27 5.4 SPECIAL RULES FOR ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 27 5.5 DAMAGE LIMITATION STATE 28 6 SPECIAL RULES FOR STEEL CHIMNEYS 29 6.1 DESIGN FOR DISSIPATIVE BEHAVIOUR 29 6.2 MATERIALS 29 6.2.1 General 29 6.2.2 Mechanical properties for structural carbon steels 30 6.2.3 Mechanical pro
31、perties of stainless steels 30 6.2.4 Connections 30 6.3 DAMAGE LIMITATION STATE 30 6.4 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE 7 SPECIAL RULES FOR STEEL TOWERS 31 7.1 SCOPE 31 7.2 DESIGN FOR DISSIPATIVE BEHAVIOUR 31 7.3 MATERIALS 31 7.4 DESIGN OF TOWERS WITH CONCENTRIC BRACINGS 31 7.5 SPECIAL RULES FOR THE DESIGN OF E
32、LECTRICAL TRANSMISSION TOWERS 32 7.6 DAMAGE LIMITATION STATE 32 7.7 OTHER SPECIAL DESIGN RULES 34 8 SPECIAL RULES FOR GUYED MASTS 35 8.1 SCOPE 35 8.2 SPECIAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 35 8.3 MATERIALS 35 8.4 DAMAGE LIMITATION STATE 36 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Apr 14 02:25:25 BST 2006,
33、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1998-6:2005 (E) 4 FOREWORD This European Standard EN 1998-6, Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance: Towers, masts and chimneys, has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250 “Structural Eurocodes”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. CEN/
34、TC 250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2005 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at latest by March 2010. Thi
35、s document supersedes ENV 1998-3:1996. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the National Standard Organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungar
36、y, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Background of the Eurocode programme In 1975, the Commission of the European Community decided on an action programme in the fie
37、ld of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of technical specifications. Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonised technical rul
38、es for the design of construction works which, in a first stage, would serve as an alternative to the national rules in force in the Member States and, ultimately, would replace them. For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering Committee with Representatives of Member States, cond
39、ucted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s. In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the basis of an agreement1between the Commission and CEN, to transfer the preparation and the publication o
40、f the Eurocodes to CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Councils Directives and/or Commissions Decisions dealing with European standards (e.g. the Council Directive
41、89/106/EEC on construction products - CPD - and Council Directives 93/37/EEC, 92/50/EEC and 89/440/EEC on public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursuit of setting up the internal market). The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally co
42、nsisting of a number of Parts: EN 1990 Eurocode: Basis of structural design EN 1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures 1 Agreement between the Commission of the European Communities and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building and ci
43、vil engineering works (BC/CEN/03/89). Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Apr 14 02:25:25 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1998-6:2005 (E) 5 EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures EN 1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures EN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete
44、structures EN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures EN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures Eurocode standards recognise the r
45、esponsibility of regulatory authorities in each Member State and have safeguarded their right to determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level where these continue to vary from State to State. Status and field of application of Eurocodes The Member States of the EU and EFTA
46、 recognise that Eurocodes serve as reference documents for the following purposes: as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works with the essential requirements of Council Directive 89/106/EEC, particularly Essential Requirement N1 Mechanical resistance and stability and Ess
47、ential Requirement N2 Safety in case of fire; as a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services; as a framework for drawing up harmonised technical specifications for construction products (ENs and ETAs) The Eurocodes, as far as they concern the construction
48、 works themselves, have a direct relationship with the Interpretative Documents2referred to in Article 12 of the CPD, although they are of a different nature from harmonised product standards3. Therefore, technical aspects arising from the Eurocodes work need to be adequately considered by CEN Techn
49、ical Committees and/or EOTA Working Groups working on product standards with a view to achieving full compatibility of these technical specifications with the Eurocodes. The Eurocode standards provide common structural design rules for everyday use for the design of whole structures and component products of both a traditional and an innovative nature. Unusual forms of construction or design conditions are not specifically covered and additional expert consideration will be required by the designer in such cases. 2According to Art. 3.3 of the CPD, the ess
