1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS EN 2157-1:1993 Steel Forging stock and forgings Technical specifications Part1: General requirements The European Standard EN 2157-1:1993 has the status of a British StandardBSEN2157-1:1993 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Aer
2、ospace Standards Policy Committee, waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Boardand comes into effect on 15 December 1993 BSI 07-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ACE/61 Draft for comment 90/80845 DC ISBN 0 580 22105 9 Cooperating org
3、anizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries: Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge de normalisation Denmark Dansk Standa
4、rdiseringsraad Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. France Association franaise de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland Italy Ente Nazi
5、onale Italiano di Unificazione Luxembourg Inspection du Travail et des Mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund Portugal Instituto Portugus da Qualidade Spain Asociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sveri
6、ge Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation United Kingdom British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN2157-1:1993 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 2157-1 3 Natio
7、nal annex NA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back coverBSEN2157-1:1993 ii BSI 07-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee and is the En
8、glish language version of EN2157-1:1993, Aerospace Series Steel. Forging stock and forgings. Technical specifications. Part 1 General requirements, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN 2157-1 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the United Kingdo
9、m took an active part. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages T
10、his document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the insi
11、de front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 2157-1 August 1993 UDC 669.14-4:621:73:620.1:62-777:629.7 Descriptors: Aircraft industry, forgings, die forgings, steels, specifications, generalities English version Aerospace series Steel Forging stock and forgings Technical speci
12、fications Part 1 General requirements Srie arospatiale Acier Produits destins la forge Pices forges et pices matrices Spcification technique Partie 1 Exigences gnrales Luft- und Raumfahrt Stahl Schmiedevormaterial und Schmiedestcke Technische Lieferbedingungen Teil 1 Allgemeine Anforderungen This Eu
13、ropean Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-08-19. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references conc
14、erning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own
15、 language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
16、 and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 2157-1:1993 EEN2157-1:1993 BSI 07-1999 2 Foreword This European St
17、andard has been prepared by the European Association of Aerospace Manufacturers (AECMA). After inquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this standard has successively received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member c
18、ountries of AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN. This standard was submitted for Formal Vote, and the result was positive. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 1994, and co
19、nflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 1994. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
20、Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Quality assurance 4 5 Manufacture 4 6 Traceability 4 7 Freedom from defects 4 8 Testing 4 9 Marking 5 10 Acceptance 5 11 Inspection and test rep
21、ort 5 12 Packing 6 13 Wording of orders 6 Table 1 4EN2157-1:1993 BSI 07-1999 3 1 Scope This standard defines the general requirements for the manufacture, inspection and testing of forging stock, hand forgings 1)including forged blocks and rings 1) , die forgings and rolled rings 1)in steel. The spe
22、cific requirements are defined in EN2157-2 and EN2157-3. The three standards EN2157-1, EN2157-2 and EN2157-3 define the inspection level and the sampling frequency to be applied unless otherwise specified on the drawing, order or inspection schedule. For aerospace purposes this standard shall be app
23、lied in conjunction with EN material standards unless otherwise specified on the drawing, order or inspection schedule. By agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, this standard can also be applied to other materials and conditions of supply not covered by EN material standards. This ag
24、reement shall be formalized by reference to this standard on the drawing, order or inspection schedule. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the
25、text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to app
26、lies. EN 2000, Aerospace series Quality assurance EN aerospace products Approval of the quality system of manufacturers. EN 2078, Aerospace series Metallic materials Manufacturing schedule Inspection schedule Inspection and test report Description and rules for use. EN 2157-2, Aerospace series Steel
27、 Forging stock and forgings Technical specification Part 2 Forging stock. EN 2157-3, Aerospace series Steel Forging stock and forgings Technical specification Part 3 Pre-production and production forgings. 3 Definitions 3.1 purchaser body which purchases the products from a manufacturer or a stockis
28、t in accordance with the requirements of the user NOTEThe purchaser may also be the user. 3.2 user see EN2000 3.3 cast metal from the same final melting operation 3.4 campaign a continuous production sequence using the same equipment without alteration to the operating conditions 3.5 batch a batch c
29、onsists of forging stock or forgings: of the same form and nominal dimensions or having the same drawing or part number; from the same cast; from the same campaign; in the same heat treatment condition; from the same heat treatment charge or from the same heat treatment campaign which shall be speci
30、fied in the manufacturing schedule. 3.6 pre-production forgings forgings produced to a particular design which qualify the method of manufacture, equipment configuration and, if appropriate, the forging stock source, which demonstrate that the requirements of the purchaser can be met 3.7 inspection
31、schedule see EN2078 3.8 manufacturing schedule see EN 2078 1) Hereafter described as “forgings”.EN2157-1:1993 4 BSI 07-1999 3.9 inspection and test report see EN2078 3.10 “capability clause” reference to “capability clause” signifies that sufficient evidence of statistical nature with respect to the
32、 properties under consideration can be submitted to show that the requirements of the relevant standard may be met on the basis of a reduced amount of testing. Such action in no way reduces the obligations of the manufacturer to fulfil all requirements. If subsequent testing indicates that a product
33、 does not comply with the requirements the batch shall be rejected 4 Quality assurance 4.1 Approval of quality system of manufacturers See EN 2000. 4.2 Product qualification See material standard. 5 Manufacture 5.1 Forgings shall be made from forging stock complying with the relevant EN material sta
34、ndard and with EN2157-2. 5.2 Compliance with the requirements of the purchaser shall be demonstrated by the manufacture and inspection and testing of pre-production forgings as required by EN2157-3. 5.3 Unless otherwise specified, the forging stock and forgings shall be supplied in the heat treatmen
35、t condition specified in the material standard. If there is more than one heat treatment condition contained in the material standard, the delivery condition shall be specified on the order or on the drawing. If a specific temperature (value and tolerance) is stated, that temperature shall be mandat
36、ory. If a temperature range is stated, a temperature within that range reduced by the furnace tolerances shall be selected to give the required properties. Unless otherwise specified, the charge shall be maintained at the temperature subject to the following tolerances (see Table 1), for the period
37、stated. Table 1 6 Traceability Each product shall be identifiable to its batch at all stages of manufacture and delivery. 7 Freedom from defects All products shall be free from irregularities not complying with the requirements of the material standard or the order, or prejudicial to the subsequent
38、manufacture or use of the product. Notwithstanding previous acceptance of products complying with this standard, any product that is found, at a later stage, to contain such defects, may be rejected. 8 Testing The tests required by the material standard or the order shall be made in accordance with
39、the requirements of the appropriate test standard. If a test standard does not exist, the method shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Unless otherwise specified on the order, the frequency of testing shall be as specified in EN2157-2 or EN2157-3. Where necessary, the location
40、and the direction of the test samples shall be specified on the order. 8.1 Chemical composition It shall comply with the requirements of the relevant material standard and shall be determined on each cast. The samples taken for analysis shall be representative of the cast. The method of analysis sha
41、ll be selected by the manufacturer, but in case of dispute, the method set out in the relevant ISO standard shall be used. If no ISO standard exists, a fundamental method of chemical analysis shall be used. 8.2 Preparation of the test samples and test pieces 8.2.1 Test samples for forgings for the t
42、ests required by the material standard shall be obtained by one or more of the following methods as agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser and indicated on the drawing or the inspection schedule: a) test samples cut from forgings; b) test samples forged integrally with the forgings; c) te
43、st samples forged separately from the same batch of forging stock as the forgings they represent. Selected temperature C Tolerances C 750 5 750 k F k 1250 10EN2157-1:1993 BSI 07-1999 5 8.2.2 Dimensions of test samples and associated test pieces representing forgings are to be agreed between the manu
44、facturer and the purchaser and shall be stated on the drawing or inspection schedule. 8.2.3 The test samples and associated test pieces shall be marked in such a manner that their idendity and orientation with respect to the product and the batch is maintained. 8.2.4 Test samples removed from finish
45、ed forgings shall not be further worked. 8.2.5 Should the test samples be cut from forgings, the purchaser shall specify in the drawing or inspection schedule the number of forgings to be cut up and the location from which the samples are to be taken. 8.3 Heat treatment of test samples 8.3.1 Test sa
46、mples representing forgings to be supplied in any heat treated condition shall be heat treated with the batch of forgings they represent. Unless otherwise agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, samples shall not be cut from forgings before heat treatment. 8.3.2 Test samples cut from forg
47、ings in the finally heat treated condition shall not be further heat treated. 8.3.3 Test samples representing forgings supplied in other than the finally heat treated condition, shall be additionally heat treated in accordance with the requirements of the material standard. 8.4 Re-tests If any requi
48、rement is not met, re-tests shall be carried out under the following conditions. 8.4.1 Mechanical tests tensile test, beam impact test, fracture toughness (K 1C ) If the test procedure or the test piece preparation is faulty, testing shall be re-applied at the original frequency after identification
49、 of the cause of failure. When failure cannot be attributed to a faulty test procedure or to test piece preparation, additional identical test samples shall be selected at twice the original frequency. At least one of the samples shall be taken from the forging stock or forgings on which the incorrect result was obtained (unless already rejected by the manufacturer after suitable identification of the cause of the failure). If all results are satisfactory, the batch shall be accept
