1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 438-1:2016High-pressure decorativelaminates (HPL) Sheetsbased on thermosetting resins(usually called laminates)Part 1: Introduction and generalinformationBS EN 438-1:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 438-1:2016.I
2、t supersedes BS EN 438-1:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/76, Laminated sheet for decorative purposes.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purp
3、ort to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 87153 5ICS 83.140.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations
4、.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 February 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 438-1:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 438-1 February 2016 ICS 83.140.20
5、Supersedes EN 438-1:2005English Version High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) - Part 1: Introduction and general information Stratifis dcoratifs haute pression (HPL) - Plaques base de rsines thermodurcissables (communment appeles s
6、tratifis) - Partie 1: Introduction et informations gnrales Dekorative Hochdruck-Schichtpressstoffplatten (HPL) - Platten auf Basis hrtbarer Harze (Schichtpressstoffe) - Teil 1: Einleitung und allgemeine Informationen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 December 2015. CEN members are bou
7、nd to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the C
8、EN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre
9、has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
10、Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Br
11、ussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 438-1:2016 EBS EN 438-1:2016EN 438-1:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions 4 4 Guidance in the use
12、of the standard 5 4.1 Description of parts . 5 4.2 Applications 6 5 Product classification systems 6 Annex A (informative) Addendum relating to hygienic, health and safety information for laminates intended for interior use 8 A.1 Cleanability. 8 A.2 Hygiene 8 A.3 Contact with foodstuffs 8 A.4 Danger
13、ous substances 8 Bibliography 9 BS EN 438-1:2016EN 438-1:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 438-1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics“, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either
14、 by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or C
15、ENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 438-1:2005. EN 438, High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates), consists of the following parts: Part 1: Introduction and gene
16、ral information Part 2: Determination of properties Part 3: Classification and specifications for laminates less than 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates Part 4: Classification and specifications for Compact laminates of thickness 2 mm and greater Part 5: Classification and spec
17、ifications for flooring grade laminates less than 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates Part 6: Classification and specifications for Exterior-grade Compact laminates of thickness 2 mm and greater Part 7: Compact laminate and HPL composite panels for internal and external wall and
18、 ceiling finishes Part 8: Classification and specifications for design laminates Part 9: Classification and specifications for alternative core laminates According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Eur
19、opean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sl
20、ovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 438-1:2016EN 438-1:2016 (E) 4 1 Scope This part of EN 438 gives an overview of the standard, and provides guidance in the selection and application of test methods and specifications contained in EN 438-2, EN 438-3, EN 438-4, E
21、N 438-5, EN 438-6, EN 438-7, EN 438-8 and EN 438-9. This European Standard is applicable to high-pressure decorative laminate(s) (HPL) produced by using a high pressure process. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are i
22、ndispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 438-2, High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called La
23、minates) Part 2: Determination of properties EN 438-3, High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) Part 3: Classification and specifications for laminates less than 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates EN 438-4, High-pr
24、essure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) Part 4: Classification and specifications for Compact laminates of thickness 2 mm and greater. EN 438-5, High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called lam
25、inates) Part 5: Classification and specifications for flooring grade laminates less than 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates EN 438-6, High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) Part 6: Classification and specificatio
26、ns for Exterior-grade Compact laminates of thickness 2 mm and greater EN 438-7, High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) Part 7: Compact laminate and HPL composite panels for internal and external wall and ceiling finishes EN 438-8, Hig
27、h-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) Part 8: Classification and specifications for design laminates EN 438-9, High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) Part 9: Classificati
28、on and specifications for alternative core laminates EN 13329, Laminate floor coverings Elements with a surface layer based on aminoplastic thermosetting resins Specifications, requirements and test methods 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definition
29、s apply. BS EN 438-1:2016EN 438-1:2016 (E) 5 3.1 high-pressure decorative laminate(s) HPL sheet(s) consisting of decorative surface layer(s) and core layers bonded together by a high pressure process Note 1 to entry: Typical values for the high pressure process are a temperature of 120 C and a press
30、ure of 5 MPa. 3.2 surface layer upper decorative layer consisting in one or more sheets of fibrous material (usually paper) impregnated with aminoplastic thermosetting resins (usually melamine based resins) or other curable resins or other decorative design surfaces such as metal foils, wood-veneers
31、 and textiles, etc. which are not necessarily treated with thermosetting resin Note 1 to entry: The surface layers can appear on one or both side(s) of the laminate(s). In case of one-sided laminates, the back of the sheet(s) may be made suitable for adhesive bonding to a substrate. 3.3 core layer f
32、ibrous material (usually paper) impregnated with thermosetting resins (usually phenolic based resins) or other curable resins, eventually reinforced by metal layer(s) or metal mesh(es) and others which are not necessarily treated with thermosetting resin 4 Guidance in the use of the standard 4.1 Des
33、cription of parts EN 438-2 specifies the methods of test that shall be used to determine the performance of HPL products in their various internal and external application fields, e.g. construction, transport, furniture, flooring, etc. The test methods have been specifically developed for testing HP
34、L. It should be noted that not all test methods apply to all types of HPL. For example Test 11, Resistance to Abrasion, applies only to flooring grade laminates; while Test 10, Resistance to Surface Wear, applies to all types of HPL except flooring grade laminates. It is therefore important to read
35、the scope of the test method to determine whether it is applicable to a particular HPL product. EN 438-3, EN 438-4, EN 438-5, EN 438-6, EN 438-8 and EN 438-9 specify the performance requirements for different types of high-pressure decorative laminates. Each of these parts is independent of the othe
36、rs, and only requires reference to EN 438-2 for details of the appropriate test methods. EN 438-3 applies to laminates less than 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates to produce HPL composite panels. Classification systems and performance requirements are specified for heavy duty,
37、 horizontal and vertical grades of laminate, in standard, postforming and flame-retardant qualities. EN 438-4 applies to Compact laminates of thickness 2 mm and greater, in standard and flame-retardant qualities, intended for interior applications. EN 438-5 applies to flooring grade laminates less t
38、han 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates, to produce HPL flooring elements. As laminate floor coverings they meet the requirements of EN 13329. BS EN 438-1:2016EN 438-1:2016 (E) 6 EN 438-6 applies to Exterior-grade Compact laminates of thickness 2 mm and greater, and specifies re
39、quirements for standard and flame-retardant laminates for use in moderate and severe outdoor conditions. EN 438-7 is the harmonised standard covering the essential requirements specified in Construction Products Regulation for Internal and External Wall and Ceiling Finishes. EN 438-8 applies to desi
40、gn laminates (pearlescent, wood veneer and metal surfaces).Classification system and performance requirements are specified for thin and compact laminates. EN 438-9 applies to alternative core laminates (coloured and metal reinforced cores). Classification system and performance requirements are spe
41、cified for thin and compact laminates. 4.2 Applications Table 1 below shows how the different parts of the standard relate to various fields of application. Table 1 Applicable fields Application Part 3 Part 4 Part 5 Part 6 Part 8 Part 9 Construction (internal) Construction (external) Transport Furni
42、ture Flooring 5 Product classification systems EN 438-3, EN 438-4, EN 438-5, EN 438-6, EN 438-8 and EN 438-9 include product classification systems. While each of these systems is different, they contain some common elements as follows: Main classifications: H denotes Horizontal grade V denotes Vert
43、ical grade C denotes Compact laminate E denotes Exterior grade AC denotes Abrasion Class for flooring grade A denotes Pearlescent laminate M denotes Metal laminate W denotes Wood veneer laminate B denotes Coloured core laminate R denotes Metal reinforced core laminate T denotes Thin laminate 2 mm Su
44、b-classifications: D denotes Heavy duty or severe use G denotes General purpose or moderate use S denotes Standard grade BS EN 438-1:2016EN 438-1:2016 (E) 7 F denotes Flame-retardant grade P denotes Postforming grade In Part 5, the classification system AC1 to AC6 has been adopted as these classes r
45、elate directly to the corresponding product abrasion classes in EN 13329. BS EN 438-1:2016EN 438-1:2016 (E) 8 Annex A (informative) Addendum relating to hygienic, health and safety information for laminates intended for interior use A.1 Cleanability Because they are easy to clean and maintain, high-
46、pressure decorative laminates are suitable for use in hygienic applications such as hospitals, pharmacies, food processing areas, abattoirs, clean rooms, etc. For routine cleaning, wiping the surface with water and mild detergent is usually sufficient, but more severe methods such as hosing down wit
47、h hot water or steam cleaning can be used where required by the application. Solvents such as white spirit, acetone or cellulose thinners can also be used (e.g. for graffiti removal) as they will not affect the laminate. For the non melamine surface laminate cleaning, the manufacturer should be cont
48、acted. A.2 Hygiene When used in hospitals and surgeries, HPL melamine and other curable resin surfaces can be disinfected using any of the common disinfectants such as Ethanol 70 %, Formalin 1 % to 5 %, p-chlorine-m-cresol 0,3 %, Chloramine T 1 % to 5 %, Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride 0,1 %. H
49、igh-pressure decorative laminates show a high resistance to fungal and bacterial growth, when tested in accordance with EN ISO 846. A.3 Contact with foodstuffs When determination of the overall and specific migration is carried out in accordance with the test method shown below, the following results are typical of those for HPL melamine and other suitable curable resin surfaces: Overall migration 10 mg/dm2Specific migration (formaldehyde) 2,5 mg/dm2Test met
