1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58composites at ambient temperature Determination of in-plane shear propertiesThe European Standard E
2、N 12289:2005 has the status of a British StandardICS 81.060.30Advanced technical ceramics Mechanical properties of ceramic BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 12289:2005BS EN 12289:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 18 November 2005 BSI 18
3、 November 2005ISBN 0 580 46806 2Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of
4、the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary
5、of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 17 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsA list of organizations rep
6、resented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.National forewordThis British Standard is the officia
7、l English language version of EN 12289:2005. It supersedes DD ENV 12289:1996 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RPI/13, Advanced technical ceramics, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the resp
8、onsible international/European committee any EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12289 June 2005 ICS 81.060.30 Supersedes ENV 12289:1996 English version Advanced technical ceramics - Mechanical properties of ceramic composites at ambient temperature - Determination of in-plane shear
9、 properties Cramiques techniques avances - Proprits mcaniques des cramiques composites temprature ambiante - Dtermination des caractristiques en cisaillements plan Hochleistungskeramik - Mechanische Eigenschaften von keramischen Verbundwerkstoffen bei Raumtemperatur - Bestimmung der Schereigenschaft
10、en in der Ebene This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 May 2005. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliog
11、raphical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a
12、 CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Lat
13、via, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 200
14、5 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12289:2005: EEN 12289:2005 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword 3 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references .4 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 4 4 Principle.5 5 Apparatus 5 5.1 Test machine .5 5.2
15、 Test jig .5 5.3 Strain gauges 6 5.4 Data recording system .6 5.5 Micrometers.6 6 Test specimens .6 7 Test specimen preparation.7 7.1 Machining 7 7.2 Bonding of the gauges .7 7.3 Number of test specimens .7 8 Test procedure 8 8.1 Measurement of test specimens dimensions .8 8.2 Testing technique .8 8
16、.3 Test validity .9 9 Calculation of results9 9.1 Test specimen origin 9 9.2 Use of the stress strain curves 9 9.3 Proportionality ratio or pseudo-elastic shear modulus, elastic shear modulus 10 10 Test report .10 Annex A (normative) Figures.12 Annex B (informative) Examples of figures15 Bibliograph
17、y.17 EN 12289:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12289:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 184 “Advanced technical ceramics”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical t
18、ext or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2005. This document supersedes ENV 12289:1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are
19、 bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
20、United Kingdom. EN 12289:2005 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the conditions for the determination of the in-plane shear properties at ambient temperature of ceramic matrix composite materials with continuous fibre reinforcement. This European Standard applies to ceramic matrix compos
21、ites with a continuous fibre reinforcement, bi-directional (2D) and tri-directional (xD, with 2 12 mm 0,2 mm h, thickness (indicative) 3 mm 0,2 mm Notch angle 90 to 120 2 W, depth of each notch 20 % of b 0,2 mm r, notch radius 1,0 mm r 1,5 mm 0,2 mm Parallelism between machined parts and notch root
22、0,05 mm Perpendicularity of machined parts and notch root 0,05 mm NOTE Bonded tabs on front face and rear face should help prevent buckling and/or damages from the application of load. 7 Test specimen preparation 7.1 Machining During cutting out, care shall be taken to align the test specimen axis w
23、ith the desired reinforcement direction. Machining parameters that avoid damage, e.g. initial breaking or structure modification, to the material shall be established and documented. These parameters shall be adhered to during test piece preparation. 7.2 Bonding of the gauges The gauges shall be pos
24、itioned as close as possible to the centre of the measurement zone. If the material is porous, care shall be taken that penetration of adhesive into the material does not modify its behaviour. 7.3 Number of test specimens At least three valid test results, as specified in 8.3, are required for any c
25、ondition. EN 12289:2005 (E) 8 8 Test procedure 8.1 Measurement of test specimens dimensions The thickness h shall be measured at three points in the measurement zone, and also the distance w, between notch roots, with an accuracy of 0,1 mm. The arithmetic means of the measurements shall be documente
26、d. 8.2 Testing technique 8.2.1 New materials 8.2.1.1 Measurements on both faces If the test is being performed on a specific material for the first time, then strain shall be measured on both test piece faces, as explained in 8.2.2. The shear strains calculated as described in 9.2.1 shall not differ
27、 by more than 5 % of the average of the two shear strains at any applied load. 8.2.1.2 Verification of shear stress field To verify that the shear stress field is not disturbed by the normal stress field, it is recommended that two series of tests be carried out for any new material, by changing the
28、 position of the wedges. NOTE 1 Inner wedges should be moved backward from 2 mm over the notch to 5 mm away from the notch (see Figure A.3). The change in position of the wedges modifies the strain field. The values obtained from the two series of tests shall be identical (within possible measuring
29、errors). NOTE 2 If the values are not identical, it means that there are coupling effects and that the test specified in this European Standard cannot be used to determine the shear properties of the material. 8.2.2 Testing Place the test piece in the test jig and ensure that the notches are properl
30、y located, using the alignment device. Zero the gauges readings. Set the cross-head speed or displacement rate so that failure occurs within 30 s to 90 s. Force and strains shall be recorded continuously. Place the inner wedges so that they stand 1 mm or 2 mm over the notch (see Figure A.3). NOTE St
31、rain measurements in three directions can be used to verify whether the applied loading results in pure shear. EN 12289:2005 (E) 9 8.3 Test validity The following circumstances will invalidate a test: failure to specify and record test conditions; failure to meet specified test conditions; rupture i
32、nitiated outside the measurement zone (see Figure A.4); existence of coupling effects. 9 Calculation of results 9.1 Test specimen origin A diagram illustrating the reinforcement directions of the material with respect to the longitudinal axis of the specimen shall accompany the test results. 9.2 Use
33、 of the stress strain curves 9.2.1 General The gauges placed at 45 from the test piece axis give the tensile and compression deformations in the measurement zone. 9.2.2 Shear strain, 12The shear strain 12is calculated from the values given by the gauges, according to the following equation: 454512+=
34、 (2) where +45and -45are the values given by the gauges in the 45 and -45 directions, with: ()2/212221145+= ()2/212221145+=9.2.3 Shear strength The shear strength is calculated from the following equation: omm,12AF= (3) where 12,mis the shear strength in megapascals (MPa) Fmis the maximum force appl
35、ied to the test piece in newtons (N) EN 12289:2005 (E) 10 h is the thickness in millimetres (mm) w is the distance of the notch roots in millimetres (mm) Ao is the cross section area in square millimetres (mm2), with Ao= w h. 9.2.4 Shear stress-shear strain curves The strain data gathered during the
36、 test shall be used to calculate 12, using equation (2). NOTE If the two sides are equipped with gauges, the curve should be obtained by averaging the curves obtained for each side. 9.3 Proportionality ratio or pseudo-elastic shear modulus, elastic shear modulus 9.3.1 Calculate the proportionality r
37、atio or pseudo-elastic shear modulus Gp12 defined between two points ( )1,121,12, and ( )2,122,12, measured from the linear part of the curve, according to the following equation: ()31,122,121,122,122,121,121210,=GP (4) where GP12 is the pseudo elastic shear modulus, in gigapascals (GPa) 12,iare the
38、 shear strains in points i = 1,2 12,iare the shear stresses in points i = 1,2, in megapascals (MPa). 9.3.2 Where the material has a linear behaviour at the origin, calculate the shear modulus according to the following equation: 312121210=G (5) where G12 is the shear modulus, in gigapascals (GPa); 1
39、2is the shear strain; 12is the shear stress, in megapascals (MPa). NOTE All points ()1212, on the linear portion of the curve can be used for its determination. 10 Test report The test report shall contain the following information: a) name and address of the testing establishment; b) date of the te
40、st, unique identification of report and of each page, customer name and address and signatory; EN 12289:2005 (E) 11 c) reference to this European Standard, i.e. determined in accordance with EN 12289; d) test piece drawing or reference; e) description of the test material (material type, manufacturi
41、ng code, batch number); f) number of tests carried out and the number of valid results obtained; g) individual results and arithmetic means; h) shear stress/shear strain curves; i) mode and failure location of all the test specimens used for obtaining the above results; j) any comments about the tes
42、t or test results. EN 12289:2005 (E) 12 Annex A (normative) Test specimens - Figures Key 1,2 Directions of principal reinforcement 3 Notch angle Figure A.1 Test specimen (measurement zone and cross-section) EN 12289:2005 (E) 13 Figure A.2 Test specimen dimensions (see Table 1) Figure A.3 Position of
43、 wedges (dimensions in millimetres) EN 12289:2005 (E) 14 Figure A.4 Examples of invalid ruptures (a) and of valid ruptures (b) a b EN 12289:2005 (E) 15 Annex B (informative) Test specimens and equipment - Figures Key 1 Load 2 Guiding rod 3 Mobile part 4 Fixed part 5 Tool front face Figure B.1 Princi
44、ple of tooling EN 12289:2005 (E) 16 Figure B.2 Example of test specimen equipped with strain gauges: superposed strain gauges, bonded in the centre and at 45 angle from the axis EN 12289:2005 (E) 17 Bibliography 1 IOSIPESCU, N. “New accurate procedure for single shear testing of metals,” Journal of
45、Materials, Vol. 2, No. 3, September 1967, pp. 537-566. 2 LEE, S. and MUNRO, M. “Evaluation of testing techniques for the losipescu shear test for advanced composite materials,” Journal of Composite Materials, 1990, 24: 419-440. 3 MORTON, J., HO. and TSAI Y. “An evaluation of the losipescu specimen f
46、or composite materials shear property measurement,” Journal of Composite Materials, 1992, 26: 708-750. 4 WALRATH, D.E and ADAMS, D.F. “Analysis of the stress state in an losipescu shear test specimen,” Report UWME DR-301-102-1, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, June 19
47、83. 5 WALRATH, D.E and ADAMS, D.F. “Verification and application of the losipescu shear test method,” Report UWME-DR-401-103-1, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, June 1984. BS EN BSI389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4AL12289:2005BSI British Standards InstitutionBSI is the
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