1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12812:2008Falsework Performance requirements and general designLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2011 08:38, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1281
2、2:2008 BRITISH STANDARDA list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 60505 5 ICS 91.220
3、 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDateT e x t a f f e c t e dNational forewordThis British Standa
4、rd is the UK implementation of EN 12812:2008. It supersedes BS EN 12812:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/514, Access and support equipment.The design methodology within BS EN 12812:2008 is significantly different from that in BS 59
5、75. Technical Committee B/514 advises that caution should be taken when applying BS EN 12812:2008.BS EN 12812:2008 specifies performance requirements for the design of falsework in accordance with one of three classes: A, B1 and B2. Limit state design methods are specified for design Classes B1 and
6、B2. It does not provide guidance for the structural design of Class A. BS 5975, which exists in parallel with this standard and provides recommendations on the design of falsework, without definition of classes or physical parameters and using permissible stress methods, is recommended by Technical
7、Committee B/514 as a suitable method for the structural design of Class A falsework, as defined in BS EN 12812:2008.The Bragg Report, published in 1975 by the Advisory Committee on Falsework, first introduced a minimum lateral stability force. This force was subsequently incorporated, as a minimum h
8、orizontal disturbing force of 2.5 % of the applied vertical load in BS 5975, assuming first-this force has made a significant contribution to the safe use of falsework in the UK since its introduction. Technical Committee B/514 also advises that BS EN 12812:2008 does not recommend a minimum horizont
9、al force.BS EN 12812:2008 does not provide guidance on procedures necessary for the successful management of work on site. The recommendations of the Bragg Report in respect of the falsework coordinator have not been included in it. BS 5975 includes procedural controls for all temporary works, inclu
10、ding falsework, for the design, independent checking of the design, and for the successful management of work on site, including the appointment of a temporary works coordinator. Technical Committee B/514 reaffirms the importance of these controls.This standard contains a National Annex NA that prov
11、ides informative guidance on its application. It should be noted that there are a number of textual and numerical differences between the 2004 and 2008 editions; only those that are considered to be material are commented on in the National Annex NA. It is therefore not a comprehensive listing of al
12、l of the differences. Further, the UK committee advises that the symbols used in this standard should be read with caution.order analysis. Technical Committee B/514 advises that the application of Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2011 08:38, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEURO
13、PEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 12812July 2008ICS 91.220 Supersedes EN 12812:2004 English VersionFalsework - Performance requirements and general designEtaiements - Exigences de performance et mthodes deconception et calculsTraggerste - Anforderungen, Bemessung und EntwurfThis European
14、 Standard was approved by CEN on 7 June 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning
15、such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own languag
16、e and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo
17、urg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of
18、 exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12812:2008: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2011 08:38, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 12812:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword. 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative refer
19、ences . 5 3 Terms and definitions. 6 4 Design classes 7 4.1 General. 7 4.2 Design class A 7 4.3 Design class B 7 5 Materials 8 5.1 General. 8 5.2 Basic requirements for materials 8 5.3 Weldability . 8 6 Brief 8 7 Design requirements 8 7.1 General. 8 7.2 Thickness of material . 9 7.3 Connections 9 7.
20、4 Flexibility of prefabricated support towers 9 7.5 Foundation 10 7.6 Towers providing support . 12 8 Actions. 13 8.1 General. 13 8.2 Direct actions 13 8.3 Indirect actions . 17 8.4 Other actions “Q9” 17 8.5 Load combinations. 17 9 Structural design for classes B1 and B2 18 9.1 Technical documentati
21、on 18 9.2 Structural design 20 9.3 Imperfections and boundary conditions 23 9.4 Calculation of internal forces 30 9.5 Characteristic values of resistance and friction values . 37 Annex A (informative) Relation with site activities . 40 Annex B (informative) . 41 Bibliography . 42 BS EN 12812:2008Lic
22、ensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2011 08:38, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 12812:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12812:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 53 “Temporary works equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard s
23、hall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this d
24、ocument may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12812:2004. This European Standard is one of a package of standards that includes also EN 12810-1, EN 12810-2, EN 12811-1, EN 12811
25、-2, EN 12811-3, EN 12813. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
26、 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12812:2008Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2011 08:38, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN
27、 12812:2008 (E) 4 Introduction Most falsework is used: to carry the loads due to freshly poured concrete for permanent structures until these structures have reached a sufficient load bearing capacity; to absorb the loads from structural members, plant and equipment which arise during the erection,
28、maintenance, alteration or removal of buildings or other structures; additionally, to provide support for the temporary storage of building materials, structural members and equipment. This European Standard gives performance requirements for specifying and using falsework and gives methods to desig
29、n falsework to meet those requirements. Clause 9 provides design methods. It also gives simplified design methods for falsework made of tubes and fittings. The information on structural design is supplementary to the relevant Structural Eurocodes. The standard describes different design classes. Thi
30、s allows the designer to choose between more or less complex design methods, while achieving the same level of structural safety. Provision for specific safety matters is dealt with in EN 12811-1 and other documents. BS EN 12812:2008Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2011 0
31、8:38, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 12812:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies performance requirements and limit state design methods for two design classes of falsework. It sets out the rules that have to be taken into account to produce a safe falsework structure. It also provides i
32、nformation for falsework which is required to support a “permanent structure“, or where the design or supply of falsework has to be commissioned. This European Standard also gives information on foundations. This European Standard does not specify requirements for formwork, although formwork may be
33、a part of the falsework construction. Nor does it provide information on access and working scaffolds, which is given in EN 12811-1. This European Standard does not provide information about site activities. It does not provide information about the use of some standardized products, including timbe
34、r formwork beams conforming to EN 13377 and props conforming to EN 1065. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the reference
35、d document (including any amendments) applies. EN 74-1, Couplers, spigot pins and baseplates for use in falsework and scaffolds Part 1: Couplers for tubes Requirements and test procedures prEN 74-2, Couplers, spigot pins and baseplates for use in falsework and scaffolds Part 2: Special couplers Requ
36、irements and test procedures EN 74-3, Couplers, spigot pins and baseplates for use in falsework and scaffolds Part 3: Plain base plates and spigot pins Requirements and test procedures EN 1065:1998, Adjustable telescopic steel props Product specifications, design and assessment by calculation and te
37、sts EN 1090-2, Execution of steel structures and aluminium structures - Part 2: Technical requirements for steel structures EN 1090-3, Execution of steel structures and aluminium structures - Part 3: Technical requirements for aluminium structures EN 1990, Eurocode Basis of structural design EN 1991
38、 (all parts), Eurocode 1 Actions on structures EN 1993-1-1:2005, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings EN 1997 (all parts), Eurocode 7 Geotechnical design EN 1998 (all parts), Eurocode 8 Design of structures for earthquake resistance EN 1999 (all pa
39、rts), Eurocode 9 Design of aluminium structures BS EN 12812:2008Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2011 08:38, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 12812:2008 (E) 6 EN 12810-1:2003, Facade scaffolds made of prefabricated components Part 1: Product specifications EN 12811-1:2003, Te
40、mporary works equipment Part 1: Scaffolds Performance requirements and general design EN 12811-3, Temporary works equipment Part 3: Load testing EN 12813, Temporary works equipment - Load bearing towers of prefabricated components - Particular methods of structural design EN 13377, Prefabricated tim
41、ber formwork beams Requirements, classification and assessment 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in EN 1993-1-1:2005 and the following apply. 3.1 brace component connecting two points of a structure to help stiffen it 3.2 design class class that def
42、ines the extent of design for falsework 3.3 falsework temporary support for a part of a structure while it is not self-supporting and for associated service loads 3.4 formwork part of temporary works used to give the required shape and support to in-situ concrete 3.5 foundation sub-structure needed
43、to transmit loads into the ground 3.6 kentledge material placed on a structure to provide stability by the action of its dead weight 3.7 imperfections initial out of straightness (bow imperfection) or out of verticality (sway imperfection) of a structural component or of the structure used for calcu
44、lations NOTE 1 A bow imperfection can occur both in an individual member and in the complete tower or modular beam assembly. It arises because the member is not straight, is manufactured not straight or members are assembled out of alignment. NOTE 2 These are the values for design purposes and may b
45、e more than the erection tolerance. 3.8 node theoretical intersection point of members BS EN 12812:2008Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/04/2011 08:38, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 12812:2008 (E) 7 3.9 sway angular deflection of a column or other structure caused by the appli
46、cation of load 4 Design classes 4.1 General The design shall be in accordance with one of the classes: A or B. Class B has two subclasses, B1 and B2, see 4.3 where the designer has to decide which subclass shall be applied. 4.2 Design class A NOTE A Class A falsework is one which follows established
47、 good practice which may be deemed to satisfy the design requirements. Class A covers falsework for simple constructions such as in situ slabs and beams. Class A shall only be adopted where: a) slabs have a cross-sectional area not exceeding 0,3 m2per metre width of slab; b) beams have a cross-secti
48、onal area not exceeding 0,5 m2; c) the clear span of beams and slabs does not exceed 6,0 m; d) the height to the underside of the permanent structure does not exceed 3,5 m. The design for class A falsework shall be in accordance with the descriptive requirements in Clauses 5 and 7. 4.3 Design class
49、B Class B falsework is one for which a complete structural design is undertaken. Class B falsework is required to be designed in accordance with the relevant Eurocodes. There are separate additional provisions in this code for Classes B1 and B2 that are detailed below. Class B2 uses a simpler design method than Class B1 to achieve the same level of safety. 4.3.1 Class B1 The design shall be in accordance with the relevant Eurocodes (EN 1990, EN 1991 to EN 1999) and additionally with 9.1.1, 9.1.2.1, 9.1.3, 9.3.3 and 9.4.1 of the pr
