1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 12951:2004Prefabricated accessories for roofing Permanently fixed roof ladders Product specification and test methodsThe European Standard EN 12951:2004 has the status of a British StandardICS 97.140g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g4
2、4g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Mar 09 03:21:00 GMT 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 12951:2004This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Polic
3、y and Strategy Committee on 15 September 2005 BSI 15 September 2005ISBN 0 580 46592 6National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12951:2004.BS EN 12951:2004 is a candidate “harmonized” European standard and fully takes into account the requirements of the Eu
4、ropean Commission mandates M/122, Roof coverings, roof lights, roof windows and ancillary products, and intended to lead to CE marking. The date of applicability of BS EN 12951:2004 as a harmonized European standard, i.e. the date after which this standard may be used for CE marking purposes, is sub
5、ject to an announcement in the Official Journal of the European Communities.The Commission in consultation with Member States has agreed a transition period for the co-existence of harmonized European Standards and their corresponding national standard(s). It is intended that this period will compri
6、se a period, usually nine months, after the date of availability of the European Standard, during which any required changes to national regulations are to be made, followed by a further period, usually of 12 months, for the implementation of CE marking. At the end of this co-existence period, the n
7、atinal standard(s) will be withdrawn.There are no conflicting national standards to be withdrawn.The UK participation in the preparation of BS EN 12951:2004 was entrusted by Technical Committee B/508, Stairs and walkways, to its Subcommittee, B/208/1, Stairs and walkways Industrial stairs, which has
8、 the responsibility to:A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This British Standard is one of several standards covering permanent fittings to give access to high structures including high buildings, chimneys, and plant. Other related sta
9、ndards include:BS 3572, Specification for access fittings for chimneys and other high structures in concrete or brickwork.BS 3678, Specification for access hooks for chimneys and other high structures in steel.BS 4211, Specification for permanently fixed ladders.BS 5395-3. Stairs, ladders and walkwa
10、ys Part 3: Code of practice for the design of industrial type stairs, permanent ladders and walkways.BS EN ISO 14122, Safety of machinery Permanent means of access to machinery, particularly Part 4: Fixed ladders (to be published in 2005).For portable ladders in aluminium and timber, attention is dr
11、awn to BS 2037 and BS 1129 respectively.Attention is also drawn to the requirements of the Building Regulations for England and Wales, The Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) and The Building Standards (Scotland) Regulations.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or
12、European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to includ
13、e all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 22,
14、 an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and
15、keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Mar 09 03:21:00 GMT 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE N
16、ORMEN 12951November 2004ICS 97.140English versionPrefabricated accessories for roofing - Permanently fixed roofladders - Product specification and test methodsAccessoires prfabriqus pour couverture - Echelles decouvreur solidement fixes - Spcifications des produits etmthodes dessaisVorgefertigte Zub
17、ehrteile fr Dacheindeckungen - Festinstallierte Dachleitern - Produktanforderungen undPrfverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 March 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the
18、status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A
19、 version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Est
20、onia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMIT
21、EE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12951:2004: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Mar 09 03:21:00 GMT 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 12951:2004
22、(E) 2 Contents Page Foreword4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations .5 4 Materials .6 5 Dimensions and design requirements 6 5.1 General6 5.2 Dimensions.7 5.3 Design .7 5.3.1 General design requirements.7 5.3.2 Additional design requirements for roof ladd
23、ers type TA.7 6 Performance requirements .8 6.1 Static strength8 6.2 Resistance to torsion 8 6.3 Dynamic strength.8 6.4 Fire performance8 7 Testing 8 7.1 Static strength test (see Figure 4)8 7.1.1 Number of samples8 7.1.2 Test of steps and rungs 8 7.1.3 Stile test 9 7.1.4 Test of the support and fas
24、tening system 9 7.2 Torsion test of steps and rungs.9 7.3 Dynamic strength test .9 8 Evaluation of conformity.10 8.1 General10 8.2 Type testing11 8.2.1 Initial type testing 11 8.2.2 Further type testing .11 8.3 Factory production control (FPC) 11 8.3.1 General11 8.3.2 Equipment 12 8.3.3 Raw material
25、s and components.12 8.3.4 Non-conforming products 12 8.3.5 Design process 12 8.3.6 Product testing and evaluation 12 9 Instructions for installation and maintenance12 10 Designation 12 11 Marking .13 12 Figures 13 Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of
26、the EU Construction Products Directive18 ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics .18 ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of permanently fixed roof ladders. 19 ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity 19 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Mar 09 03:21:00 GMT 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIE
27、N 12951:2004 (E) 3 ZA.2.2 EC Declaration of conformity.19 ZA.3 CE Marking and labelling20 Bibliography22 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Mar 09 03:21:00 GMT 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 12951:2004 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12951:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 128
28、 “Roof covering products for discontinuous laying and products for wall cladding”, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, and conflictin
29、g national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see infor
30、mative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. Annex ZA (informative): Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction products directive. This European Standard does not take into account the EC Directive “Personal Protective Equipment“ (89/686/EC, 9
31、3/95/EC and 96/58/EC). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ire
32、land, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Mar 09 03:21:00 GMT 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 12951:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope This document applies to perma
33、nently fixed ladders made of metal which are permanently installed on the load-bearing construction of pitched roofs and which may be stepped or walked on for purposes of inspection, maintenance and repair of equipment installed above the roof surface. This document specifies essential dimensions, m
34、aterials to be used, requirements with respect to the load-bearing capacity, and the extent of testing. This document does not cover walkways, single treads, single steps or roof ladders that are not permanently fixed nor does it cover fire escape ladders. 2 Normative references The following refere
35、nced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 364, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height Tes
36、t methods. ISO 1140:1990, Ropes-Polyamide-Specification. 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 permanently fixed roof ladders construction with steps or rungs which is permanently installed on a pitched roof
37、3.2 fastening system combination of elements which fastens the roof ladder to the load-bearing roof construction 3.3 load-bearing roof construction that part of the roof construction which is able to carry potential loads and to transmit them into the building structure 3.4 surface of roof covering
38、highest elevation of roofing materials between the stiles of the roof ladder, smaller elevations (for example, standing seams of sheet metal covered roofs see Figure 1b), being ignored NOTE If the roof covering has wide profiles and the design of the ladder makes it possible to walk with the feet in
39、 the profiles, the profiles bottom may be considered as the surface. 3.5 symbols and abbreviations a Height of upstands or battens in order to protect people from slipping from ladders d Depth of steps or rungs Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Mar 09 03:21:00 GMT 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 1
40、2951:2004 (E) 6 D Diameter of rungs F1(Test) load H Distance between highest elevation of roof covering and the upper edge of the step or rung between cross beams of the roof ladder, measured perpendicular to the roof surface L Length of steps or rungs x Horizontal distance between two steps or rung
41、s y Vertical distance between two steps or rungs (rise of the steps or rungs) PCS Gross calorific potential 4 Materials Permanently fixed roof ladders and their fastening systems shall be made of metal and resistant to corrosion as well as to atmospheric and climatic influences. The materials shall
42、be free from faults and inclusions which may impair their performance abilities. The corrosion resistance shall be at least equivalent to that of hot-dip galvanised steel with a protective layer of 50 m. Parts of the fastening systems beneath the roof covering may be from timber and shall then be pr
43、otected against atmospheric and climatic influences. Parts of the fastening system may consist of products for roof coverage. 5 Dimensions and design requirements 5.1 General In the working position all ladders shall be designed for a maximum static load of 150 kg (mass of one person with equipment)
44、. Roof ladders shall be categorised as follows: C1: Roof ladders that shall not be used as anchor points for personal protective equipment against falls from a height nor be used for attaching collective protection devices. C2: Roof ladders that may be used as anchor points for personal protective e
45、quipment against falls from a height There are two different types of roof ladders: TA: Roof ladders with steps. NOTE 1 Roof ladders with steps should primarily be used on roof surfaces with an inclination of 10 and 45. TB: Roof ladders with rungs. NOTE 2 Roof ladders with rungs should primarily be
46、used on roof surfaces with an inclination of 45 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Thu Mar 09 03:21:00 GMT 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 12951:2004 (E) 7 5.2 Dimensions Steps shall have a minimum depth (d) of 80 mm (see Figure 3: Roof ladder dimensions). Rungs shall have a depth (d) of 20 mm and 80 m
47、m (see Figure 2a). If rungs consist of a round tube the diameter (D) shall be 25 mm and 40 mm (see Figure 2b: Roof ladder type B). The length (L) of steps or rungs shall be at least 300 mm for category 1 and 350 mm for category 2 (see Figure 3). The roof ladder shall be designed in such a way that w
48、hen the roof ladder has been fixed to the roof construction there is a minimum distance between the upper edge of the step or rung and the surface of the roof covering of H 100 mm measured rectangular to the roof pitch. The sum of (d) + 2 (y) shall not exceed 690 mm (see Figure 3). 5.3 Design 5.3.1
49、General design requirements Permanently fixed roof ladders shall have supports at least at the top and at the bottom fixing them to the load-bearing roof construction. The surface of steps and rungs shall be designed in such a manner that slipping of persons and collection of water and snow is prevented. In order to protect people against slipping from ladders, steps and rungs shall be equipped with upstands or side battens along the side which, measured at the centre of the steps surface (d/2), shall have a minimum height of 20 mm (a) (s
