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2、art 1: Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)The European Standard EN 13016-1:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 75.160.20Liquid petroleum products Vapour pressure BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 13016-1:2007 BS 2000-394:2007BS EN 1
3、3016-1:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/12/2007 07:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIThis Britisupersedes BS ENThe PTArequest to its EnThis British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2007 BSI and Energy Ins
4、titute 2007ISBN 978 0 580 56194 8contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsBS 2000, and all BS EN petroleum test methods that would be Part of B
5、S 2000, both in its annual publication “Standard methods for analysis and testing of petroleum and related products and British Standard 2000 Parts” and individually.Further information is available from: Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish Street, London W1G 7AR. Tel: 020 7467 7100. Fax: 020 7255 14
6、72.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a National forewordsh Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13016-1:2007. It 13016-1:2000/BS 2000-394:2001 which is withdrawn.UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee I/13, Petroleum tes
7、ting and terminology.list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on secretary.ergy Institute, under the brand of IP, publishes and sells all Parts of EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 13016-1September 2007ICS 75.160.20English VersionLiquid petroleum products -
8、 Vapour pressure - Part 1:Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) andcalculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)Produits ptroliers liquides - Pression de vapeur - Partie 1 :Dtermination de la pression de vapeur sature en air(PVSA) et de la pression de vapeur sche quivalentecalcule
9、 (PVSE)Flssige Minerallerzeugnisse - Dampfdruck - Teil 1:Bestimmung des luftgesttigten Dampfdruckes (ASVP) undBerechnung des trockenen Dampfdruckquivalentes(DVPE)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 July 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
10、 stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standa
11、rd exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standar
12、ds bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom
13、.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13016-1:2007: ELicensed Co
14、py: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/12/2007 07:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13016-1:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Principle6 5 Reagents and materials 6 6 Apparatus .6 7 Sampling.7 8 Sample preparation
15、 .8 9 Preparation of apparatus 8 10 Calibration of apparatus .8 10.1 Pressure transducer8 10.2 Temperature measuring device9 11 Verification of apparatus.9 12 Procedure .9 13 Calculation10 14 Expression of results 10 15 Precision.10 15.1 Repeatability, r .11 15.1.1 General11 15.1.2 One litre sample
16、container,.11 15.1.3 250 ml sample container .11 15.2 Reproducibility, R 11 15.2.1 General11 15.2.2 One litre sample container11 15.2.3 250 ml sample container .11 16 Test report 12 Annex A (informative) Additional precision data .13 Annex B (informative) Accepted reference values 14 Bibliography 15
17、 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/12/2007 07:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13016-1:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13016-1:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and
18、 biological origin”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Mar
19、ch 2008. This document supersedes EN 13016-1:2000, which has been updated by the explicit addition of DVPE to better reflect its use in EN 228 1. The range for the instrument verification fluids has been widened and typical/consensus values added in an informative Annex. A revision to the sample int
20、roduction has been included as this was part of the original procedure that precision was based on. Editorial clarification of the sampling, sample preparation and calibration of the pressure transducer have been included. The precision statements have been updated following a global evaluation in 2
21、003. EN 13016 consists of the following parts, under the general title Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure: Part 1: Determination of air-saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE). Part 2: Determination of absolute vapour pressure (AVP) between 40 C
22、 and 100 C. This part is based on and developed in parallel with IP 394 2 and ASTM D 5191 3. It describes a general determination method, whereas part 2 describes a determination method at elevated temperatures. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations
23、of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sl
24、ovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/12/2007 07:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13016-1:2007 (E) 4 Introduction Vapour pressure is used as a classification criterion for the safe handling and carriage of petroleum
25、 products, feedstocks and components; it has a relationship to the potential for hydrocarbon emissions, under uncontrolled conditions, and thus is the subject of environmental scrutiny. Vapour pressure limitations are often imposed to prevent pump cavitation during transfer operations. Vapour pressu
26、re is one measure of the volatility characteristics of fuels used in many differing types of engines with large variations in operating temperatures. Fuels having a high vapour pressure may vaporize too readily in the fuel handling systems, resulting in decreased flow to the engine and possible stop
27、page by vapour lock. Conversely, fuels of low vapour pressure may not vaporize readily enough, resulting in difficult starting, slow warm-up and poor acceleration. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/12/2007 07:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13016-1:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This Eu
28、ropean Standard specifies a method for the determination of the total pressure, exerted in vacuo, by volatile, low viscosity petroleum products, components, and feedstocks containing air. A dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE) can be calculated from the air containing vapour pressure (ASVP) measure
29、ment. The conditions used in the test described in this standard are a vapour-to-liquid ratio of 4:1 and a test temperature of 37,8 C. For referee testing the requirement to employ 1 l sample containers is mandatory. However, due to sample container size restrictions in taking automatic samples from
30、 vapour-locks either onboard a ship or from some land based storage tanks, the precision for 250 ml containers forms part of this standard and shall be used for referee purposes. NOTE 1 This standard states precision for both 1 l and 250 ml sample containers. Annex A provides information on the prec
31、ision values when using 50 ml at 37,8 C or using 1 l samples at a test temperature of 50,0 C. The equipment is not wetted with water during the test, and the method described is therefore suitable for testing samples with or without oxygenates; no account is taken of dissolved water in the sample. T
32、his method described is suitable for testing air-saturated samples that exert an air-saturated vapour pressure of between 9,0 kPa and 150,0 kPa at 37,8 C. This document is applicable to fuels containing oxygenated compounds up to the limits stated in the relevant EC Directive 85/536/EEC 4. NOTE 2 Fo
33、r the purposes of this European Standard, the term “% (m/m)“and “% (V/V)” are used to represent the mass, respectively the volume fraction. WARNING Use of this standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems ass
34、ociated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application
35、of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling (ISO 3170:2004) ISO 3007, Petroleum products and crude petroleum - Determ
36、ination of vapour pressure - Reid method 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 air-saturated vapour pressure total pressure ASVP observed pressure exerted in vacuo consisting of the partial pressure of petroleum products, c
37、omponents and feedstocks, in the absence on non-dissolved water, and the partial pressure of dissolved air Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/12/2007 07:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13016-1:2007 (E) 6 3.2 Reid vapour pressure RVP vapour pressure as determined by ISO 3007 3
38、.3 dry vapour pressure equivalent DVPE vapour pressure equivalent value calculated by a statistical correlation equation to a dry Reid vapour pressure 4 Principle A cooled air-saturated sample of known volume is injected into a thermostatically controlled evacuated chamber, or into a chamber that is
39、 evacuated by means of a moveable piston after sample introduction, the internal volume of which is five times that of the total test portion introduced into the chamber. After injection into the chamber, the sample is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium at the test temperature 37,8 C. The resultin
40、g total pressure in the chamber is equivalent to the vapour pressure of the sample and the partial pressure of the dissolved air and is measured using a pressure sensor and indicator. The measured total vapour pressure can be converted to a dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE) by use of a correlati
41、on equation. 5 Reagents and materials Use chemicals of 99 % (m/m) minimum purity for quality control check samples for verification of apparatus. 5.1 Pentane 5.2 2,2 Dimethylbutane 5.3 2,3 Dimethylbutane 5.4 Cyclopentane 6 Apparatus 6.1 Instrument 6.1.1 The instrument shall conform to the general re
42、quirements given in 6.1.2 to 6.1.6. NOTE Full details of suitable instruments are not given because of differences in the way that the basic principles are applied by individual manufacturers. The instrument shall be installed, operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturers manual. 6.1
43、.2 The system shall be configured to enable the test chamber to be evacuated and isolated, the sample to be drained, and the system flushed and purged as necessary. 6.1.3 The test chamber shall be vacuum-tight, with a provision for introducing the sample, and shall be capable of containing between 5
44、 ml and 50 ml of liquid and vapour with an accuracy of 1 %. The test chamber shall be capable of controlling the temperature of the sample to achieve the specified test temperature to within 0,1 C and shall be capable of indicating the temperature to a resolution of at least 0,1 C. NOTE 1 The test c
45、hambers used in the instruments that generated the precision statements were constructed from either aluminium or stainless steel. NOTE 2 Test chambers with capacities less than 5 ml or greater than 50 ml may be used but the precision of the method can be affected. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHA
46、NGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/12/2007 07:25, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13016-1:2007 (E) 7 6.1.4 The apparatus shall be capable of measuring the vapour pressure of small samples of petroleum products, components and feedstocks over the range 9,0 kPa to 150,0 kPa, by means of a pressure transducer, with
47、an accuracy of 0,8 kPa and a resolution of 0,1 kPa. 6.1.5 If a vacuum pump is required for use with the instrument, it shall be capable of reducing the pressure in the test chamber to less than 0,01 kPa absolute. 6.1.6 If a vacuum-tight syringe or similar equipment is required for measuring or injec
48、ting the required volume of sample into the test chamber, it shall be sized appropriately to the required sample size with an accuracy of at least 1 %. 6.2 Cooling equipment, air or iced-water bath or refrigerator, capable of cooling the samples to a temperature of between 0 C and 1 C. NOTE A suitab
49、ly safe refrigerator should be used with highly volatile petroleum products. 6.3 Barometer, pressure measuring device, capable of measuring atmospheric pressure within an accuracy of 0,1 kPa or better and calibrated and/or verified against an instrument certified by an authorized certification body. 6.4 Vacuum gauge for calibration, covering at least the range 0 kPa to 0,67 kPa, calibrated and/or verified against an instrument certified by an authorized certification body. 6.5 Pressure measuring device, having a minimum measuring range from 0 kPa t
