1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13452-1:2003 Railway applications Braking Mass transit brake systems Part 1: Performance requirements The European Standard EN 13452-1:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 45.060.01 BS EN 13452-1:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Stan
2、dards Policy and Strategy Committee on 2 April 2003 BSI 2 April 2003 ISBN 0 580 41522 8 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13452-1:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RAE/4, Braking, which has the resp
3、onsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “I
4、nternational Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with
5、a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related internatio
6、nal and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 31 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments iss
7、ued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN134521 March2003 ICS45.060.01 Englishversion RailwayapplicationsBrakingMasstransitbrakesystems Part1:Performancerequirements ApplicationsferroviairesFreinageSystmesdefreinage destransportspublicsetsuburbains
8、Partie1:Exigences deperformances BahnanwendungenBremsenBremssystemedes ffentlichenNahverkehrsTeil1:Anforderungenandas Leistungsvermgen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon27December2002. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope a
9、n Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemad
10、ebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Ne
11、therlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnatio
12、nalMembers. Ref.No.EN134521:2003EEN134521:2003(E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normativereferences 5 3 Termsanddefinitions. .6 3.1 Basictermsanddefinitions. .6 3.2 Brakingfunctions. 6 3.3 Brakingtechniques 8 3.4 Loadcontrol .9 3.5 Mechanicsofbraking 9 3.6 Dynamicsofbraking.
13、.10 3.7 Decelerations10 4 Symbolsandabbreviatedterms. 12 5 Designprinciples . 13 5.1 Brakesystem 13 5.2 Loadingcriteria 14 5.3 Brakingfundamentals .15 5.4 Operationalrequirements .15 5.5 Performancerequirements .16 5.6 Brakesystemfailureconsequences. .16 5.7 Automaticallycontrolledsystems 17 5.8 Bra
14、kesystemstructure .17 6 Requirementsfortramsandlightrailvehicles .18 6.1 Characteristicsfortramsandlightrailvehicles. 18 6.2 Brakeperformancevalues 19 6.3 Loadlevels. .20 6.4 Implementation.21 7 Requirementsformetroswithsteelwheels. .21 7.1 Characteristicsformetroswithsteelwheels 21 7.2 Brakeperform
15、ancevalues 22 7.3 Implementation.24 8 Requirementsforrubbertyredmetros 24 8.1 Characteristicsforrubbertyredmetros. .24 8.2 Brakeperformancevalues 25 8.3 Loadlevels. .26 8.4 Implementation.27 9 Requirementsforcommuter/regionaltrains. 27 9.1 Characteristicsforcommuter/regionaltrains .27 9.2 Brakeperfo
16、rmancevalues 28 9.3 Loadlevels. .30 9.4 Implementation.30 Bibliography 31EN134521:2003(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN134521:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC256,“Railway applications“, thesecreta riat ofw hich ish eld by DIN. ThisEurop ean Standard shall be given thes tatusof a national
17、standard, either by publication of an identical text or byendorsement,atthelatestbySeptember2003,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthe latest byS eptember 2003. This document has beenpr epared undera mandate given to CEN by the EuropeanCo mmissionand the European Free TradeAssocia tio
18、n. CEN/TC 256/SC3/WG 23“Bra king/Urban traffic“hasbe enassist ed with the preparation of this European Standard by CEN/TC25 6/SC3/ WG25“Bra king/Terminology,calc ulations and acceptanceproc edures“. ThisseriesEN 13452RailwayapplicationsBrakingMasstransitbrakesystems consistsoftwoparts: Part 1:Per fo
19、rmancerequire ments Part 2:M ethodsoftest. Withregardto clause 9,which concernsCo mmuter/Regionaltrains,itsh ouldbe noted thattheremightb eborder linecaseswhichcanalsocomeunderthescopeofCEN/TC256/SC3/WG22,“BrakingOperationMainline Trains”. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstan
20、dardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuro peanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal, Slovak Republic,S pain, Sweden,Swi tzerlandandtheUnitedKin gdom.EN134521
21、:2003(E) 4 Introduction Atthistime,noEuropeanrules/regulationsexistgivingrequirementsandperformancesforbrakingofguided vehiclesforurbantransportsystems.Therearesomenationalruleswhichcovercertaintypesofrollingstock. WithregardtotheEuropewidecompetitionrequirednow,thisEuropeanStandardwillallowallprosp
22、ectivebidders toproposeorofferrollingstockmeetingspecifiedminimumrequirementsforbrakingperformances. ThereisanequivalentEuropeanStandard(prEN14198)coveringthebrakingrequirementsforMainLine(Inter City)Trains.ForanytrainswhoseserviceoperationcouldbeconsideredtobeeitherMainLineor(longdistance) Commuter
23、orRegional,theTransportAuthorityshoulddefinewhetherthebrakeperformanceistobein accordancewiththeMainLineortheCommuter/RegionalSectionofthisEuropeanStandard.EN134521:2003(E) 5 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesminimumandmaximumlimitingrequirementsforbrakingsystemsand performance.TheTransportAuthori
24、tydefinestheparticularparameterswhererequiredinthisEuropeanStandard andspecifiesanyadditionalbrakingrequirementstothevehiclebuilder/brakingsystemsupplier. ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesrequirementsandperformancesforthebrakingofvehiclesforurbantransport systems,runningonsteelorrubbertyredwheelsandguid
25、edbysteelrailsorotherequivalentmeans. ThisEuropeanStandardappliestovehiclesoperatingon: tramways; light railways; metrosonsteelwheels; metrosonrubbertyredwheels; Commuter/Regionalrailways; andisapplicableto: all newly designed vehicles; allmajorrefurbishments,iftheseincludeeitherredesignorextensivem
26、odificationstothebrakesystem; anynewbuildsofexistingdesignsofvehicles.Forthistypeofvehicle,theTransportAuthoritymayspecify performancevaluesdifferentfromthosedefinedinthisEuropeanStandard. ThisEuropeanStandarddoesnotapplytospecialtransportsystems,e.g.suspendedmonorail,rackandpinion lines,isolatedope
27、rationssuchasscenicrailways,specialdutyvehicles,etc. TransportAuthoritiesshallensurethatspecificationsincludethisEuropeanStandardaspartofthebrakesystem requirements.Suppliersshallidentify,atthetimeoftendering,anynoncompliancesagainstthisEuropean Standard. Compliancewiththefunctionalandperformancereq
28、uirementsdefinedinthisEuropeanStandardisverifiedby testinginaccordancewithEN134522. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.Fo
29、r datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN134522 RailwayapplicationsBrakingMasstransitbrakesystems
30、Part2:Methodsoftest.EN134521:2003(E) 6 3 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply: 3.1Basictermsanddefinitions 3.1.1 train singlevehicleoranumberofcoupledvehicles/unitsoperatingonaguidedgroundtransportsystem(seeTable1) Table1Definitionsofrollingst
31、ockformations Articulated Nonarticulated VehicleseeUnit Vehicle Anysinglecaronitsrunninggear Unitminimumoperationalformationofarticulatedcars Unit Minimumoperationalformationcomprisingone ormorevehiclescoupledtogether Trainreferstoanyformationwhichmayoperateinservice, itmaycompriseoneormoreunitscoup
32、ledtogether Train Referstoanyformationwhichmayoperatein service,maybeeitherasinglevehicleorone ormoreunitscoupledtogether 3.1.2 driver personinmanualcontroloftrainmotion 3.1.3 retardation resultofaforceactingcontrarytothedirectionofthemovement 3.1.4 retardingforce sumofalltheforcescontributingtother
33、etardationofthetrain,includingtrainresistance 3.1.5 braking processbywhichaforceisproducedsoastoresisttrainmovementwhichistakingplaceortopreventmovement ofastationarytrain 3.1.6 brake equipmenttheprincipalfunctionofwhichistocausebraking 3.1.7 brakesystem acombinationofmeans(hardwareandsoftware)toach
34、ieve,withachosenlevelofsafety,thebraking requirementsofthetrain NOTE Brakesystemincludescontrol,actuationandenergydissipationequipment. 3.2Brakingfunctions 3.2.1 servicebraking brakingusednormallyeitherundercontrolofthetraindriverand/orautomaticdrivingequipmentsoastocontrol thetrainsspeedEN134521:20
35、03(E) 7 3.2.2 fullservicebraking maximumavailablelevelofservicebraking 3.2.3 emergencybraking brakingprovidedwiththeprincipalobjectiveofmaximisingthesafetyofpassengers,staffandnonusersofthe railway NOTE1: Theemergencybrakesystemiscapableofbringingthetraintorestwithinadefinedspeeddistancerelationship
36、at definedlevelsofdecelerationandjerkcommensuratewiththesafetyofpublicandstaff. Thevariousemergencybrakemodesaredefinedwithregardtoinitiationasfollows.Thebrakingperformanceachievedforeach oftheseemergencybrakemodesdoesnotnecessarilyneedtobedifferent.Itisacceptabletogrouptwoormoremodes togetherwhensp
37、ecifyingtheemergencybrakesystemforaparticulartrain: PrincipalMeansofInitiation Emergency1 : Drivervigilance,orATO Emergency2: Passengeralarm Emergency3: Driver,viadedicatedpositiononbrake controller,orATPsystem Emergency4: Authorisedpersonviacontrolseparate frombrakecontroller NOTE2: Itispossiblefor
38、thedifferentlevelsofemergencybrakingtobeinitiatedbymeansotherthanthoseindicatedabove. 3.2.4 securitybraking brakingintendedtoachieveahigherlevelofsystemintegritythantheserviceandemergencybrake(tofurther assureabrakeapplication);thebrakingperformancecanbeatalowerlevelthanthatachievedinemergencyor ser
39、vicebraking NOTE CanberequiredbyparticularTransportAuthority. 3.2.5 dragbraking brakingusedtocontrolthetrainspeedonagradienttoasubstantiallyconstantvalue 3.2.6 irrevocablebraking brakingmaintaineduntilthetrainisstopped 3.2.7 immobilisationbraking brakingusedtopreventastationarytrainfrommoving,undert
40、hespecifiedconditions 3.2.7.1 holdingbrake brakewhichholdsatrainstationarywithpassengersforadefinedtimeandload 3.2.7.2 parkingbrake brakewhichcanpermanentlyholdatrainwithadefinedloadonadefinedgradientEN134521:2003(E) 8 3.3Brakingtechniques Thefollowingtechniquesarewaysbywhichtherequiredbrakingfuncti
41、ons(asdefinedinsection3.2)maybe achieved. 3.3.1 dynamicbraking generictermcoveringanumberofbrakingmethodsonlyeffectivewhenthetrainismoving 3.3.1.1 electrodynamicbrake dynamicbrakingwithtractionmotorsusedasgenerators: whenbrakingcurrentisfedintoaresistor,itiscalledrheostaticbraking; whenbrakingcurren
42、tisreturnedintothepowersupply,itiscalledregenerativebraking 3.3.1.2 hydrodynamicbrake dynamicbrakingwherethekineticenergyofthevehicleisconvertedintoheatusingahydraulicmedium,e.g.the vehiclehydraulictransmission 3.3.2 frictionbraking brakingachievedbymeansoftheapplicationofeitherbrakeblocks(orshoes)t
43、othewheeltreadsorbrakedrums orbymeansofbrakepadstodiscs NOTE Inallthesecases,thefrictionbrakeclampingforcecanbeprovidedbyspringforceapplicationofthe brakeblocksorpads.Releaseofthebrakesisthenachievedbycompressedair,electricallyorhydraulically. 3.3.2.1 pneumaticbrake thefrictionbrakeclampingforceandt
44、hecontrolareachievedpneumatically 3.3.2.2 electropneumaticbrake thefrictionbrakeclampingforceisprovidedbycompressedairandthecontrolisachievedelectrically 3.3.2.3 electromechanicalbrake thefrictionbrakeclampingforceandthecontrolareprovidedelectrically 3.3.2.4 airoverhydraulicbrake thefrictionbrakeclampingforceisprovidedhydrauli
