1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13471:2001 Thermal insulating products for building equipment and industrial installations Determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion The European Standard EN 13471:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.120.10; 91.100.60 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION
2、EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS EN 13471:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 09 November 2001 BSI 09 November 2001 ISBN
3、 0 580 38622 8 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13471:2001. This British Standard, together with BS EN 13467:2001, BS EN 13468:2001, BS EN 13469:2001, BS EN 13470:2001 and BS EN 13472:2001, partially supersedes BS 2972:1989. The UK participation
4、in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee RHE/9, Thermal insulating materials, to Subcommittee RHE/9/4, Nomenclature and specifications, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-referenc
5、es The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogu
6、e. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text;
7、present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside fro
8、nt cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN13471 September
9、2001 ICS91.100.60 Englishversion Thermalinsulatingproductsforbuildingequipmentandindustrial installationsDeterminationofthecoefficientofthermal expansion Produitsisolantsthermiquespourlquipementdubtiment etlesinstallationsindustriellesDterminationdu coefficientdedilatationthermique Wrmedmmstoffefrdi
10、eHaustechnikundfr betriebstechnischeAnlagenBestimmungdes Wrmeausdehnungskoeffizienten ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon18August2001. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalt
11、eration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberi
12、ntoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdo
13、m. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2001CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN13471:2001EEN13471:2001(E) 2 Contents page Foreword . 3
14、 1Scope . 4 2Normativereferences . 4 3Termsanddefinitions 4 4Principle . 5 5Apparatus 5 6Testspecimens . 7 7Procedure 8 8Calculationandexpressionofresults 9 9Accuracyofmeasurement . 9 10Testreport . 9EN13471:2001(E) 3 Foreword ThisEuropeanStandardhasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC88“Thermalin
15、sulating materialsandproducts“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofan identicaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyMarch2002,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbe withdrawnatthelatestbyMarch2002. ThisEuropeanStandardisoneo
16、faseriesofstandardswhichspecifytestmethodsfordetermining dimensionsandpropertiesofthermalinsulatingmaterialsandproducts.Itsupportsaseriesofproduct standardsforthermalinsulatingmaterialsandproductswhichderivefromtheCouncilDirectiveof21 December1988ontheapproximationoflaws,regulationsandadministrative
17、provisionsoftheMember Statesrelatingtoconstructionproducts(Directive89/106/EEC)throughtheconsiderationoftheessential requirements. ThisEuropeanStandardhasbeenpreparedforproductsusedtoinsulatebuildingequipmentand industrialinstallations,butitmayalsobeappliedtoproductsusedinotherareas. NoexistingEurop
18、eanStandardissuperseded. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthe followingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic, Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway, Portugal,Sp
19、ain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.EN13471:2001(E) 4 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiestheequipmentandproceduresfordeterminingthecoefficientoflinear thermalexpansion.Thestandardisapplicabletothermalinsulatingproductswithinthetemperaturerange 196 Cto850 C,subjecttothepossibletemperaturelimit
20、ationofthetestspecimens.Itshallnotbe usedforproductswhichduringthetestexperiencedimensionalchangesduetothelossofhydration waterorwhichundergootherphasechanges. NOTEBecauseofitssmalldimensionsthetestspecimenshouldbecarefullyselectedtoberepresentativeofthe productbeingtested. 2Normativereferences This
21、EuropeanStandardincorporates,bydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications. Thesenormativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelisted hereafter.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublications applytothisEuropeanStandardonlywh
22、enincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundated referencesthelatesteditionofthepublicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN12085, ThermalinsulatingproductsforbuildingapplicationsDeterminationoflineardimensionsof testspecimens. 3Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposeofthisEuropeanStandard,thef
23、ollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply: 3.1 linearthermalexpansion reversiblechangesinthelengthofaproductresultingfromachangeintemperature 3.2 meancoefficientoflinearthermalexpansion m betweendifferenttemperatures reversiblechangeinlengthdividedbythelengthatthereferencetemperatureandthetemperature differe
24、ncebetweenthetesttemperatures 3.3 coefficientofthermalexpansion t atthetemperature T limitvalueof m asthehighertemperatureapproachesthelowertemperature(seeFigure1) NOTEThedefinitionof mand tassumesthatthefunctiongivingthelengthvariationinrelationtothetemperature variationiscontinuous.Thisexcludesthe
25、useofthemeancoefficientoflinearthermalexpansion mwhenthetest specimenexperiencesphysicalchangeduetochangeofphase,eg.recrystallisationorlossofwaterofhydration. Thecurvegivingthelengthvariationasafunctionofthetemperaturevariationcanbereportedbutthemean coefficientofthermalexpansionshouldnotbecalculate
26、dforpartsofthecurvewhicharenotcontinuous.EN13471:2001(E) 5 Key a Temperature 1 ThemeancoefficientofthermalexpansionbetweenT1andT2isillustratedbythegradientofthe dottedlinebetweenthepointsAandB 2 ThecoefficientofthermalexpansionatTisillustratedbythegradientofthetangentatpointC Figure1Therelativelengt
27、hvariationasafunctionoftemperature 4Principle Thechangesofaproductslineardimensions,asitstemperatureischanged,aremeasuredand characterised.Itshallbedoneinacontinuouswaywhenthefullcurveoveratemperaturerangeisneeded oronlyattwospecifiedtemperaturesifonlyameancoefficientoflinearthermalexpansionbetweent
28、hese temperaturesisneeded. 5Apparatus 5.1Dilatometer Anydilatometerwithappropriatedimensionsandsuitableforthetemperaturerange(seeFigure2). NOTETheusualdilatometersareofthetubeorrodtype,fabricatedofhighpurityvitreoussilica.Moderndilatometers incorporatetheessentialfeaturesdescribedbelow. 5.2Micromete
29、rcaliper Acaliperwithmicrometerindicationpermittingdirectreadingofthetestspecimenlengthsatdifferent temperatures.TheaccuracyofthesemeasurementsshallbesuchthatconsecutivemeasurementsattheEN13471:2001(E) 6 sametemperaturearedeterminedto2 10 4 l 0 forthelengthandto2 10 5 l 0 forthelengthvariations. 5.3
30、Electricalfurnace Forhightemperatures,anelectricalfurnace,capableofmaintainingthemeantemperatureofthetest specimentowithin2Kofthedesiredtesttemperatureandthemaximumandminimumtemperatureofthe testspecimentowithin2K. Theelectricalfurnaceshallbecapableoflimitingtherateoftemperaturechangeto1 C/minduring
31、the changefromonetesttemperaturetoanother. 5.4Testchamber Forlowandcryogenictemperatures,atestchamber,capableofmaintainingthemeantemperatureofthe testspecimentowithin1Kofthedesiredtesttemperatureandthemaximumandminimumtempera tureofthetestspecimentowithin1K. Thetestchambershallbecapableoflimitingthe
32、rateoftemperaturechangeto1 C/minduringthe changefromonetesttemperaturetoanother. 5.5Temperaturemeasuringinstruments Calibratedthermocouplessuitableforthetemperatureneededforthetestwithanaccuracyof0,5K from196 Cto+200 C,1Kfrom200 Cto500 Cand2Kfrom500 Cto850 C. Thethermocouplesareconnectedtoacontinous
33、recordingdevice.Ifonlythemeancoefficientoflinear thermalexpansion m betweentwotemperaturesisneeded,themeasurementsshallonlybecarriedout atthesetemperatures. NOTEDeviceswhicharenormallyusedforthesimultaneousrecordingofthelengthvariationandthetemperature, provideacurveof l 0 asafunctionof T2 T1.EN1347
34、1:2001(E) 7 5.6Equipmenttopreparethetestspecimen Suitablesaworthinwalledsteeltubetopreparethetestspecimen. Key 1Micrometerscrew 2Thermostat 3Pushrod 4Protectivetube 5Furnace 6Testspecimen 7Linearvariabledifferentialtransducer 8Testspecimencarrier 9Thermocouple Figure2Typicalexampleofadilatometer 6Te
35、stspecimens 6.1Dimensionsoftestspecimens Thedimensionsshallbeappropriateforthedimensionsofthedilatometerandsuitableforthetest material. Dimensionsofthetestspecimensshallbeasspecifiedintherelevantproductstandard. NOTE1Intheabsenceofaproductstandardthedimensionsoftestspecimensmaybeagreedbetweenparties
36、. NOTE2Typicaltestspecimenshavealengthof(501)mmwithsquarecrosssectionof(101)mmora diameterof(101)mm.Smallerorlargerdimensionsareacceptable,buttheuserofthestandardshouldbeaware thattooshorttestspecimensgivealossofsensitivitywhiletoolongtestspecimensmaybesubjectedtoaxial temperaturedifferencesorphysic
37、aldeformationsuchascreeporelasticstrainrates. ThetoleranceonparallelismandflatnessbetweenthetwofacesofthetestspecimenusedforthelengthEN13471:2001(E) 8 determinationshallnotbemorethan1%oftheirlineardimension. 6.2Preparationoftestspecimens Anyskins,facingsand/orcoatingsshallberemoved. Testspecimenssha
38、llbesawnorcutwithathinwalledsteeltubefromtheproductinthedirectionin whichthemeasurementofthecoefficientoflinearthermalexpansionshallbemadeandinwhichthe lineardimensionsaretoberecorded. Specialrequirementsforpreparationsuchasannealingordryingunderspecifiedconditionsshallbe indicatedwhererelevantinthe
39、productstandard. Foranisotropicproductsthemeasurementsshallbecarriedoutbothinthedirectionofthelengthandof thewidth. 6.3Numberoftestspecimens Thenumberoftestspecimensshallbeasspecifiedintherelevantproductstandard.Ifthenumberisnot specified,thenatleasttwotestspecimensshallbeused. NOTEIntheabsenceofapr
40、oductstandardoranyotherEuropeantechnincalspecificationthenumberoftest specimenmaybeagreedbetweenparties. 6.4Conditioningoftestspecimens Thetestspecimensshallbestoredforatleast6hat(235) C.Incaseofdisputetheyshallbestoredat (232) Cand(505)%relativehumidityforthetimespecifiedintherelevantproductstandar
41、d. 7Procedure 7.1Testconditions Thetestshallbestartedat(232) C,duetotheimportanceofaccuratetemperaturesforthistest method. 7.2Testprocedure Cleanthetestspecimenandinstallitinthedilatometermakingsurethattheendsurfacesaswellasthe contactsurfacesofthedilatometerarefreeofforeignparticles. Measureitsleng
42、that(232) Cwhichshallbeconsideredasthereferencetemperature. Placethethermocouplesinrepresentativemannerensuringgoodcontactwiththetestspecimen. Insertthedilatometerassemblyinthefurnaceorinthetestchamber. Heatorcoolthesystem,makingsurethatthetemperaturegradientgivenintherelevantproductstandard isrespe
43、cted.Ifnoinformationisavailable,donotexceed3K/minand1K/minforthelast50 Cinterval. Stabilizethetemperatureattemperatureintervalsnotgreaterthan50 Coveratimesufficienttoobtain homogeneoustemperaturewithinthetestspecimen.Usually30minissufficient. Measurethetemperatureandthetestspecimenlengthwhenconstanttemperatureisrecorded(2Kfor hightemperatureand1Kforlowtemperature).Recordthelengthvariation/temperaturecurves continuously,followingtheinstruct
