1、Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 09 November 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13891:2003 Tensional strapping Guide to selection and use of tensional strapping The European Standard EN 13891:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 5
2、5.040 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 09 November 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 13891:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 August 2004 BSI 26 August 2004 ISBN 0 580 44383 3
3、National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13891:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PKW/5, Primary and transport packaging, to Subcommittee PKW/5/33, Tensional strapping, taping and accessories, which has the
4、 responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section ent
5、itled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Complian
6、ce with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related in
7、ternational and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 18, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document
8、 was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 09 November 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN13891 June2003 ICS55.040 Englishversion Tensionalstrappi
9、ngGuidetoselectionanduseoftensional strapping CerclagessoustensionGuidepourlaslectionet lutilisationdecerclagessoustension UmreifungsbnderAuswahlundAnwendung ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon21April2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsf
10、orgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioni
11、nanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy
12、Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved
13、worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN13891:2003E Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 09 November 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN13891:2003(E) 2 Contents Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 General4 3 Typesofequipment .5 4 Methodsofjoiningundertension 6 5 Strengthofjoin
14、t . 6 6 Physicalpropertiesandusagecharacteristics . .6 7 Application8 8 Choiceoftensionalstrapping . .8 Bibliography 18 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 09 November 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN13891:2003(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN13891:2003)hasbeenpr
15、eparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC261“Packaging“,the secretariatofwhichisheldbyAFNOR. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyDecember2003,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatest byDecember2003. A
16、ccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal, Slovakia,Spain
17、Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 09 November 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN13891:2003(E) 4 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardgivesguidanceontheselectionanduseofsteelandnonmetallictensionalstrapping. Thetermsteelstrappingco
18、versflatbandstrapping.Nonmetallicstrappingcoversweftlessstrappingandextruded thermoplasticstrapping. NOTE1 EN13246specifiesthebreakingstrengthanddimensionaltolerancesofsteelstrappingandgivesguidanceon surfacefinishesofsteelstrapping. NOTE 2 EN13394specifiesthedimensionaltolerancesandtensilepropertie
19、sofnonmetallictensionalstrappingand weftless(textile)strappingandgivesguidanceonsurfacefinishesavailable. 2General 2.1Applications Tensionalstrappingisappliedtopackagesbysemiautomatic,automatic.orautomatedequipment(seeclause4) andtiedorsealedwhileundertension.Itmaybeappliedtowoodenboxesorcrates,soli
20、dandcorrugated fibreboardpackagingcases,bundles,bales,palletizedandunitisedloads,tomanufacturingprocesses,andasa safetyfactorininternalhandling,e.g.temporarybanding. 2.2Purpose ManyoftherecommendationssetoutinotherSectionsofthisEuropeanStandardprovidefortheuseoftensional strapping,appliedcorrectly,a
21、sanintegralpartofthecontainerorpackage.Somereasonsforthisareasfollows: a) itreinforcesandstrengthenspackages,protectingthemagainstthehazardsoftransportation,thusassisting andensuringsafearrivalatdestination; b) itallowseconomiestobeeffectedinloadconstructionsandonotherpackagingmaterials; c) itrender
22、sthecontentsofthepackageslessliabletopilferage; d) itmaybeusedasamethodofclosureorofreinforcingtheclosure. Inaddition,certainconditionsexperiencedinhandlingandtransitrequiretheuseofstrappingasanadditional safeguard,e.g.loadrestraint. 2.3Liftingandlashing Onlycertaingradesoftensionalsteelstrappingare
23、designedtobeusedformechanicalliftingpurposes(seeEN 13247).Othergradesoftensionalsteelstrappingshouldnotbeusedforliftingpurposes. NOTE Nonmetallicstrappingshouldnotbeusedforliftingpurposes. 2.4Choiceofstrapping Indeterminingthesize,numberandtypeofstrapstobeused,considerationshouldbegiventotheshape,si
24、ze anddistributionofmassofthepackageorload,thematerialfromwhichitismade,andthehandling,storageand transportconditionslikelytobeencountered. NOTE EN13246specifiestensionalsteelstrapping. EN13394specifiesnonmetallictensionalstrapping. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information C
25、entre, 09 November 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN13891:2003(E) 5 3 Typesofequipment 3.1Forusewithsteelandnonmetallicstrapping ThetypesofequipmentforusewithsteelandnonmetallictensionalstrappingarelistedinTable1.Thereisafull rangeofoptionswithvariousdegreesofmechanisationwithadditionaloptions,ifre
26、quired. Theadviceandguidanceofmanufacturersareofferedfreelyinevaluatingtherequirementsofagivenstrapping applicationandrecommendingsuitablesystems.WithinthetypesofequipmentsetoutinTable1thereare obviouslyspecialfeaturesdesignedforspecialisedapplicationsaswellassecondaryfactorswhichwillenhance standar
27、dequipment.Supplierswillprovidethedetailedinformationuponwhichachoicecanbemade. Table1Typesofequipmentforusewithsteelandnonmetallicstrapping Handoperated Powerassisted,portable Fullypowered,portable Semiautomaticmachines Automaticmachines Semiautomaticpackcompression Automaticpackcompression Customa
28、utomaticmachines NoteSuppliersshouldbeconsultedtoadviseonthesuitabilityofstrappingto meettherequirementsofspecificapplicationequipment. 3.2Forusewithsemiautomatic,automaticandautomatedtypesofstrapping Thetypesofequipmentrecommendedforusewithsemiautomatic,automaticandautomatedtypesofstrapping equipme
29、ntareclassifiedasfollows. a) Semiautomatic:Machinery,generallystatic,whichdoesnothaveastrapchuteforfeedingstrappingaround thearticletobestrapped.Feedingisbyhand,themachineoperatorplacingtheleadingendofastrapintothe mechanismsothattheremainingoperationsofthecycle,i.e.tensioning,sealingandcuttingoff,c
30、anbe completedautomatically. b) Automatic:Machinerywithafixedtrackforfeedingthestrapping.Alloperationsofthecompletestrappingcycle arecarriedoutonactivationofthestartcontrol. c) Automated:Automaticmachinerywithadditionalelectronicorothercontrolsandapoweredmethodof presentingpackstothestrappingmachine
31、Anautomatedsystemcouldbecapable,withoutthepresenceof anoperator,ofcontrollingtheinputflowofpacks,strappingthematthecorrectpointsfortherequisitenumber ofstrapstobeapplied(atpredeterminedpositions),activatingthestrappingmachineandejectingthestrapped pack.Automationisacontrolsystemofvariablesophistica
32、tion,accordingtotherequirementsoftheuserand thestrappingapplication. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 09 November 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN13891:2003(E) 6 4 Methodsofjoiningundertension 4.1Description 4.1.1 Sealing(separateseal) Thetwoendsofthestrapp
33、ingarebroughttogetherandsecuredbyaseal,cliporfastener. 4.1.2 Seallessjoint Thetwoendsofthestrappingarebroughttogetherandjoinedbyamethodusingcuttingandinterlocking. 4.1.3Welding Thetwoendsofthestrappingarefusedtogetherbytheapplicationofheat. 4.1.4 Frictionwelding Thetwoendsofthestrappingareweldedtoge
34、therbymeansofpressureandheatgeneratedbyrubbingone againsttheother. 4.1.5 Ultrasonicwelding Thetwoendsofthestrappingarejoinedtogetherbymeansofultrasonicwelding. 4.1.6Buckling Thetwoendsofthestrappingarebroughttogetherandheldbybucklesofmetalorplastics. 5 Strengthofjoint Figurescurrentlyavailableforsea
35、lstrengthsvaryconsiderablydependinguponthetypeofseal,thetypeof tensionalstrappingandthedimensionsofthestrap.Thesefigures,rangingfrom50%to100%ofthestrengthof theparentstrap,arenotconsideredtobemeaningfulintermsofperformanceunderserviceconditionsbecauseof thevaryingabilityofthestraptoabsorbimpactforce
36、s.Hence,thetypeofjointemployedwilldependmoreupon thedesiredmethodofapplicationandthepreferredstrap. Ingeneral,thejointstrengthshouldbenotlessthan50%ofthestrengthoftheparentstrapfornonmetallic strappingandnotlessthan65%formetallicstrapping. Fortensionalsteelstrappingusedforliftingandlashing(EN13247)t
37、hejointstrengthshouldnotbelessthan90% oftheminimumbreakstrengthofthestrapping. 6 Physicalpropertiesandusagecharacteristics 6.1Properties Thefollowingpropertiesoftensionalstrappingwillhaveabearingonthechoiceforaparticularapplication: a) Tensilestrengthandelongation; b)Conformability; c) Resistancetod
38、eterioration. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 09 November 2004, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN13891:2003(E) 7 6.2Tensilestrengthandelongation DataonthetensilestrengthofthevarioustypesoftensionalsteelstrappingaregiveninEN13246.Fornon metallictensionalstrapping,
39、dataontensilestrengthandelongationaregiveninEN13394. NOTE Tensionalsteelstrappingcoversarangeofgradesandtreatments,manyofwhichareusedforspecialisedand specificapplications.Thevariousstrapqualities,dimensionsandproductionmethodsemployedwillaffectelongationaswillt he gaugelengthusedtomeasurethatelonga
40、tion.Forthesereasonsitisimpracticabletoprovideaspecifictableoftypical elongationvaluesanditis,therefore,recommendedthatinterestedpartiescontactareputablesuppliertoestablishthe characteristicsofaparticularproduct. 6.3Conformability Theabilityofstrappingtoconformtothecontoursofthepackageisafunctionoft
41、heflexibilityandextensibilityof thestrapping. 6.4Resistancetodeterioration 6.4.1General Thebasicpropertiesofthestrappingmaybemodifiedbytheconditionstowhichitisexposed.Theeffectsof exposuretomoisture,ultravioletrays(sunlight),extremesoftemperature,mycologicalattackandcorrosive atmospheresarediscussed
42、in6.4.2to6.4.6. 6.4.2Moisture Steelstrappingisunaffectedbymoistureintheshorttermbutcorrosionmayresultfromtheprolongedexposureof certainfinishes(see6.4.6). Theperformanceofpolypropyleneandpolyesterstrappingisnotaffectedbymoisture. 6.4.3 Ultravioletradiation Polypropylenestrappingisliabletodegradation
43、byultravioletradiation,butmoreresistanttypesareavailable. Steelandpolyesterstrappingisresistanttoultravioletradiation. 6.4.4 Extremesoftemperature Theoperatingrangeforthevarioustypesofstrappingisasfollows: a) steelstrappingisfrom50Cto+600C; b) polyesterstrappingisfrom50Cto+90C; c) polypropylenestrap
44、pingisfrom30Cto+60C. NOTE Thephysicalpropertiesofalltypesoftensionalstrappingcanchangewithtemperature.Suppliersshouldbe consultedtoadviseontheapplicationanduseofstrappingattheextremesofthetemperaturesstatedabove. 6.4.5 Mycologicalattack Steelandthermoplasticsstrappingareinherentlyresistanttomycologicalattack. 6.4.6Corrosion Steelstrappingcanbeaffectedbyprolongedexp
