1、BS EN 14294:2010ICS 61.060; 83.180NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDAdhesives for leatherand footwear materials Preparation ofbonded test pieces bymoulding-on processesThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and
2、 StrategyCommittee on 30 April2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 68329 9Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 14294:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14294:2010. Itsupersedes BS EN 14294:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its p
3、reparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/52, Adhesives.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
4、Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 14294:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14294 February 2010 ICS 83.180 Supersedes EN 14294:2004English Version Adhesives for leather and footwear materials - Preparation of bonded test pieces
5、 by moulding-on processes Adhsifs pour cuir et matriaux de la chaussure - Prparation dprouvettes colles par moulage direct sur tige Klebstoffe fr Leder und Schuhwerkstoffe - Herstellung von Verbund-Proben nach dem Anformverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 December 2009. CEN me
6、mbers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applica
7、tion to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has
8、 the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Po
9、land, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by
10、 any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14294:2010: EBS EN 14294:2010EN 14294:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Procedure .65 Adhesives and materials .66 Apparatus .77 Test pieces .88 Preparation
11、 of moulded-on assemblies 99 Test report . 13BS EN 14294:2010EN 14294:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14294:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 193 “Adhesives”, the secretariat of which is held by AENOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard,
12、 either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN a
13、nd/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14294:2004. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria
14、, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS
15、EN 14294:2010EN 14294:2010 (E) 4 Introduction EN 15307 and EN 1392 specify methods of testing and evaluation of adhesives for leather and footwear materials in “stuck-on“ assemblies. Most footwear produced in Europe is manufactured using stuck-on processes, but a significant proportion is produced b
16、y “moulding-on“ processes such as vulcanising, injection moulding and reaction moulding. This document specifies the preparation of bonded test pieces by moulding-on processes. The form and dimensions of the test pieces produced allows testing according to the test methods specified in EN 1392, and
17、evaluation of the bond strength obtained according to EN 15307. This document therefore complements the above mentioned series of documents, and together they allow the simulation, testing and evaluation of almost all bonds occurring in common footwear constructions. BS EN 14294:2010EN 14294:2010 (E
18、) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies procedures for the preparation of test pieces comprising adhesive coated leather or other footwear upper material onto which a soling material is moulded directly. The procedures described simulate direct vulcanising of rubber, injection moulding of therm
19、oplastics and reaction moulding of polyurethane. The prepared test pieces are suitable for the test procedures described in EN 1392, to meet the requirements of EN 15307. SAFETY STATEMENT Persons using this document should be familiar with the normal laboratory practice, if applicable. This document
20、 does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any regulatory conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT It is understood that some of the mater
21、ial permitted in this standard may have negative environmental impact. As technological advantages lead to acceptable alternatives for these materials, they will be eliminated from this standard to the extent possible. At the end of the test, the user of the standard should take care to carry out an
22、 appropriate disposal of the wastes, according to local regulation. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced doc
23、ument (including any amendments) applies. EN 923:2005, Adhesives Terms and definitions EN 1392:2006, Adhesives for leather and footwear materials Solvent-based and dispersion adhesives Testing of bond strength under specified conditions EN 15307, Adhesives for leather and footwear materials Sole-upp
24、er bonds Minimum strength requirements EN ISO 868, Plastics and ebonite Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore hardness) (ISO 868:2003) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 923:2005 and EN 1392:2006 and the fol
25、lowing apply. 3.1 moulding-on process process for soling footwear in which the soling material is directly moulded onto the bottom of the shoe in a mould closed by the shoe upper or other footwear component NOTE The other footwear component can be an outsole or midsole onto which another soling laye
26、r is to be moulded. 3.2 vulcanising moulding process in which uncured rubber is inserted or extruded into the mould and is shaped and crosslinked by heat and pressure BS EN 14294:2010EN 14294:2010 (E) 6 3.3 injection moulding moulding process in which molten thermoplastic material is injected into t
27、he mould and sets on cooling 3.4 reaction moulding moulding process in which reactive chemicals are poured or injected into the mould and polymerise and crosslink by chemical reaction 4 Procedure The surface of the leather, other footwear upper material or other footwear component material used is t
28、reated in a manner specific to the nature of the material. Strips of specified length and width are cut from the treated material. One or more of these strips are coated with adhesive and attached, with the bonding surface uppermost, to the bottom plate of a mould. Soling material is introduced to f
29、ill the mould and allowed to cure or set as appropriate to produce an assembly of soling bonded to upper material. The moulded assembly, and test pieces cut from it, are stored under specified conditions before testing. 5 Adhesives and materials 5.1 Footwear adhesives The adhesive used shall be iden
30、tified in the report, in particular note name and/or designation, manufacturer, date of manufacture or supply and/or lot number, main polymer and colour. For two-part adhesives the nature of the crosslinking agent and the mixing ratio of the components shall be identified. Reference footwear test ad
31、hesives are one- or two-part adhesives with specified properties (e.g. Test adhesive CR 1, Test adhesive CR 2, Test adhesive PU 1, Test adhesive PU 2, Test adhesive PUD 1, Test adhesive PUD 2). If a reference footwear test adhesive in accordance with EN 15307 is used, record its designation in the r
32、eport. NOTE For direct vulcanising processes, and injection moulding processes with styrene-butadiene-styrene thermoplastic rubber (SBSR), special types of adhesive are required. 5.2 Footwear materials 5.2.1 General Identify all footwear materials used in the report. 5.2.2 Upper materials (or other
33、footwear materials) Record the name and/or designation, manufacturer, date of manufacture or supply and type of leather, other footwear upper material (or other footwear material) used. For leathers list colour, thickness and type of tannage (if known). If reference test material Leather 1 is used i
34、n accordance with EN 15307, record its designation. 5.2.3 Soling moulding materials 5.2.3.1 General The soling moulding material required depends on the moulding-on process to be simulated. BS EN 14294:2010EN 14294:2010 (E) 7 5.2.3.2 Direct vulcanising materials Record the name and/or designation, m
35、anufacturer, date of manufacture or supply, colour, polymer base and Shore hardness in accordance with EN ISO 868 of the material used. NOTE Uncured compounds of acrylonitrile-butadiene (nitrile) rubber (NBR) or styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) are mainly used. 5.2.3.3 Injection moulding materials Rec
36、ord the name and/or designation, manufacturer, date of manufacture or supply, colour, polymer base and Shore hardness in accordance with EN ISO 868 of the material used. NOTE PVC compounds or styrene-butadiene-styrene thermoplastic rubber (SBSR) compounds are mainly used. 5.2.3.4 Reaction moulding m
37、aterials Record the name and/or designation, manufacturer, date of manufacture or supply, colour, chemical nature of the reactive constituents and the catalysts used, if any. NOTE Polyurethane chemicals are mainly used, consisting of a prepolymer and a resin which are mixed in the appropriate propor
38、tions before moulding. If a catalyst is also required, this can be added to the resin prior to the weighing out of the constituents. 6 Apparatus 6.1 General The items required depend on the types of material used and the type of moulding-on process. 6.2 Cutting knife, sharp for cutting test pieces i
39、n accordance with 7.1. The angle between the inner and outer cutting surface shall be approximately 20. 6.3 Adhesive applicator, brush, roller or coating machine for applying a uniform coat of the adhesive under test. 6.4 Platen press, a heated platen press suitable for direct vulcanisation of rubbe
40、r, capable of: a) maintaining platen temperatures of (105 5) C for the bottom platen and (180 5) C for the top platen; b) applying a pressure up to 5 MPa to the mould. 6.5 Rectangular mould, of approximate dimensions 150 mm 100 mm 5 mm for direct vulcanisation. The wall of the mould base should incl
41、ude a 10 mm wide shelf all round, half way up, to accept excess rubber displaced from the cavity. 6.6 Surface pyrometer, suitable for measuring the operating temperatures of the press platens. 6.7 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of (75 5) C to pre-heat the rubber prior to moulding. 6.8 Gl
42、oves, heat resistant, suitable for handling the hot mould. 6.9 Injection moulding machine, fitted with a mould of approximate dimensions 150 mm 100 mm 5 mm for the preparation of flat test plaques. A commercial single station low pressure screw injection moulder is suitable. 6.10 Mould, for polyuret
43、hane reaction moulding, having: a) flat rigid base with a rectangular cavity of approximate dimensions 300 mm 200 mm 6,5 mm; BS EN 14294:2010EN 14294:2010 (E) 8 b) rigid hinged lid which can be held in place, for example by two wing nuts; c) rebate a few millimetres deep across the two corners of th
44、e base away from the hinge. This provides a gap which can assist in opening of the mould. 6.11 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of (50 5) C to heat the mould prior to moulding. 6.12 Mould release agent, suitable for polyurethanes. 6.13 Solvent, such as 2-butanone (MEK), suitable for removi
45、ng mould release agent. 6.14 General purpose balance, reading up to 300 g with an accuracy of 0,1 g. 6.15 Metal mixing cans, of approximate volume 400 cm3 capable of holding about 300 g of the polyurethane constituents in liquid form. 6.16 Paper weighing cups, of approximate volume 200 cm3, to weigh
46、 the polyurethane prepolymer prior to mixing. 6.17 High speed stirrer, suitable for mixing the viscous polyurethane constituents in a metal can. A stirrer with a mixing head comprising a horizontal spoked metal wheel with rectangular teeth around the edge is suitable. 6.18 Polyethylene gloves. 6.19
47、Safety goggles. 6.20 Adhesive tape, double side adhesive tape. 7 Test pieces 7.1 General The form and dimensions of the test pieces prepared from the moulded-on assemblies shall comply with the requirements for test pieces for peel tests at (23 2) C, and test pieces for peel tests under constant loa
48、d and at a constant elevated temperature (“creep test“) in EN 1392. 7.2 Number of test pieces Prepare sets of test pieces in accordance with EN 1392. 7.3 Preparation of test strips 7.3.1 General Condition the footwear upper material in accordance with EN 1392. 7.3.2 Cutting of material strips Cut st
49、rips of the required size as indicated in EN 1392 from the upper material. Alternatively, if the material does not allow the cutting of strips of the required dimensions, smaller and/or shorter strips can be used, subject to their dimensions and bonding length being recorded in the report. 7.3.3 Preparation of the bonding surface Prepare the surface of the upper material in accordance with EN 1392. BS EN 14294:2010EN 14294:2010 (E) 9 In some cases upper materials are solvent wiped immediately b
