1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14415:2004 Geosynthetic barriers Test method for determining the resistance to leaching The European Standard EN 14415:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.080.70 BS EN 14415:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and S
2、trategy Committee on 26 May 2004 BSI 26 May 2004 ISBN 0 580 43817 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14415:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/553, Geosynthetics, which has the responsibility to: A
3、 list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Sta
4、ndards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standa
5、rd does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European
6、 developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendm
7、ents issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN14415 May2004 ICS59.080.70 Englishversion GeosyntheticbarriersTestmethodfordeterminingthe resistancetoleaching BarriresgosynthtiquesMthodedessaipourla dterminationdelarsistancelalixiviation Geosynthe
8、tischeDichtungsbahnenPrfverfahrenzur BestimmungderBestndigkeitgegenAuslaugen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon2February2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.
9、Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoits
10、ownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland
11、,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMemb
12、ers. Ref.No.EN14415:2004:EEN14415:2004(E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 NormativeReferences .5 3 TermsandDefinitions. 5 4 Principle5 5 Reagents.5 6 Apparatus.6 6.1 Analyticalbalance .6 6.2 Conditionedroom 6 6.3 Liquidbath. 6 6.4 Dryingchamber .6 6.5 Desiccator .6 7 Sampling.6
13、 7.1 Geosyntheticclaybarriers .6 7.2 Polymericandbituminousgeosyntheticbarriers 6 8 Procedure.6 8.1 Methods.6 8.2 Testconditions . .7 8.3 Determinationofthedrymassbeforetesting .7 8.4 Procedureforcontrolspecimens . .7 8.4.1 Conditioning 7 8.4.2 Geosyntheticclaybarriers 7 8.4.3 Polymericandbituminous
14、geosyntheticbarriers 7 8.5 Procedurefortestspecimens .7 8.5.1 Immersioninliquid. .7 8.5.2 Inspectionandtesting .8 9 Evaluation.8 9.1 Massdifference. 8 9.2 Mechanicalproperties . 8 9.2.1 Geosyntheticclaybarriers 8 9.2.2 Polymericandbituminousgeosyntheticbarriers 8 10 Testreport 8 Bibliography 10EN144
15、15:2004(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN14415:2004)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC189,“Geosynthetics“,the secretariatofwhichisheldbyIBN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyNovember2004,andconflictingna
16、tionalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatest byNovember2004. ThisdocumentincludesaBibliography. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark, Estonia,Finland,Fr
17、ance,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta, Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom.EN14415:2004(E) 4 Introduction ThisEuropeanStandarddefinesamethodfortestingthebehaviourgeosyntheticbarriersinhotwater,aqu
18、eous alkalineliquidsandorganicalcohols,withrespecttoleaching,visiblechanges,andtensileproperties.Leachingof stabilizerscanacceleratetheoxidationofthegeosyntheticbarrier. Thestandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyproblems,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.EN14415:2004(E) 5 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardd
19、escribesamethodoftestingtheresistancetoleachingofpolymericorbituminous geosyntheticbarriers,andthepolymericcomponentofgeosyntheticclaybarriers,inhotwater(methodA),aqueous alkalineliquids(methodB)andorganicalcohols(methodC). 2 NormativeReferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporates,bydatedorundatedrefer
20、ence,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetextandthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.For datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedr
21、eferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). ENISO291 PlasticsStandardatmospheresforconditioningandtesting(ISO291:1997) ENISO5271 PlasticsDeterminationoftensilepropertiesPart1:Generalprinciples(ISO5271:1993 includingCorr1:1994) ENISO5273 PlasticsDeterminationofte
22、nsilepropertiesPart3:Testconditionsforfilmsandsheets (ISO5273:1995) prENISO10318:2000 GeosyntheticsGeotextiles,geotextilerelatedproducts,geomembranesand geosyntheticclaylinersTermsandtheirdefinitions(ISO/DIS10318:2000) EN12226:2000 GeotextilesandgeotextilerelatedproductsGeneraltestsforevaluationfoll
23、owing durabilitytesting EN14030 GeotextilesandgeotextilerelatedproductsScreeningtestmethodfordeterminingthe resistancetoacidandalkalineliquids(ISO/TR12960:1998,modified) 3 TermsandDefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninprENISO10318:2000apply. 4Principle Asample
24、ofgeosyntheticbarrierisplacedinthetestliquidfor56days.Subsequentlythesampleisrecoveredfrom theliquidandchangesinproperties(masschange,mechanicalandvisible)aremeasuredinaccordancewithEN ISO527. 5Reagents Followingreagentsareused: Distilledordeionizedwater; SaturatedCa(OH) 2 inaccordancewithEN14030; A
25、mixtureof: 30volume%methanol; 30volume%2propanol(isopropanol); 40volume%1,2ethanediol(glycol).EN14415:2004(E) 6 6Apparatus 6.1 Analyticalbalance Abalancewithaminimummeasurementrangeof200gandaprecisionofatleast0,01g. 6.2Conditioned room Aroomwithanatmospherecontrolledtoatemperatureof(202)Candarelativ
26、ehumidityof(655)% accordingtoENISO291. 6.3Liquid bath Arecipientwithavolumeofatleastonelitrepersample,comprising: anexposuretankmadeofinert,noncorrosivematerial,impermeabletothesolutionbeingused; acovertopreventtheintrusionoflight; astirringdevicetomaintainthehomogeneityofsolvent,solutesandtemperatu
27、re; asystemformaintainingtheliquidat(502)C;andcapableofbeingsealedwithachemicallyresistant materialinordertopreventlossofvolatilecomponentsofinterest. Unlessotherwisespecified,agreedupon,orrequired,provisionsshallbemadeformaintainingambient atmosphericpressureinthetank. 6.4Drying chamber Achamberwit
28、hcirculatingairof(502)Cfordryingthesamples. 6.5Desiccator Adesiccatoranddesiccatingagents(silicagelorcalciumchloride). 7Sampling 7.1 Geosyntheticclaybarriers SamplingofgeosyntheticclaybarriersshallbedoneinaccordancewithEN12226.Thebentoniteshallberemoved fromthegeosyntheticclaybarrierwiththeaidofcomp
29、ressedair,bywashing,orbyanyotherappropriatemethod. Takeonegroupoftestspecimensandonegroupofcontrolspecimens. 7.2 Polymericandbituminousgeosyntheticbarriers Aminimumofthreesamplesofpolymericandbituminousgeosyntheticbarrier(200mm200mm)shallbetaken. Takeonegroupoftestsamplesandonegroupofcontrolsamples.
30、SpecimensfortensiletestingtoENISO5273 shallbecutafterexposure. 8Procedure 8.1Methods Thistestcanbeperformedusingthreedifferentleachingenvironments: MethodA:leachingbyhotwater;EN14415:2004(E) 7 MethodB:leachingbyaqueousalkalineliquids; MethodC:leachingbyorganicalcohols. 8.2Test conditions Thetestshal
31、lbeperformedinaroomwithacontrolledatmosphere,accordingtoENISO291:atemperatureof(20 2)Candarelativehumidityof(655)%. 8.3 Determinationofthedrymassbeforetesting Storethesamplesfor24hinthedryingchamberatatemperatureof(502)C.Subsequentlycoolthesamplesin thedesiccatorforatleast24horuntiltheyattainthetemp
32、eratureoftheconditioningroom. Immediatelyafterremovingthesamplesfromthedesiccator,determinethemass(M 1 )ofthesampleswitha precisionof0,01g. 8.4 Procedureforcontrolspecimens 8.4.1Conditioning Thecontrolspecimensshallbeconditionedinaccordancewith8.2andshallbetestedatthesametimeasthe immersedspecimenst
33、oavoidageingofthespecimens(inparticularforbituminousmaterials). 8.4.2 Geosyntheticclaybarriers MeasurethetensilestrengthandelongationatbreakofthecontrolspecimensinaccordancewithEN12226,but withelongationatbreakreplacingstrainatmaximumload(seeEN12226:2000,6.2). 8.4.3 Polymericandbituminousgeosyntheti
34、cbarriers PreparespecimensinaccordancewithENISO5273(specimentype5)andmeasuretheelongationatbreakin accordancewithENISO5271.Determinethemeanelongationatbreak. 8.5 Procedurefortestspecimens 8.5.1 Immersioninliquid Weighthesamplesandplacethemimmediatelyintheholdersuchthateachsampleshallbeseparatedbyatl
35、east 10mmfromallothersamplesandfromthetankwall.Addtheliquidandensurethatitcoversthesamples completely.Ballastthesamplesifnecessarytopreventthemfromfloating.Onlysamplesbasedonthesame materialshallbeplacedinthesameliquidbath. Keepthetesttemperatureoftheliquid(methodA,methodBandmethodC)constantat(502)C
36、.Renewthe volumeoftheliquidcompletelyatleastevery12to14days.Renewalshallbedonewithin30min.Duringthewhole test,thetestliquidshallbestirredcontinuously. After56daysimmersionremovethesamplesfromthebath,rinsethemwithdeionizedwater.Subsequently,place thesamplesinthedryingchamberwithcirculatingairatatempe
37、ratureof(502)C. After24hofdrying,coolthesamplesandweighthemforthefirsttime.Next,placethesamplesintheconditioning roomfor24h,coolthemandweighthemforthesecondtime.Ifthemassofthesampledeterminedthesecond time,deviatesbylessthan0,20%fromthemassdeterminedthefirsttime,proceedtovisualinspectionand measurem
38、entofstrength(see8.6).Ifnot,placethesampleinthedryingroomforafurther24h,coolandweighit againuntilthedifferencebetweenthelasttwodryingstepsislessthan0,20%.ThismassisdenotedM 2 . Thesamplesshallnotbeplacedinthedryingroomformorethan96h.Ifafter96h,themassofthesampleshas notreachedaconstantvalue,thelastm
39、assofthesamplesshallbeincludedinthetestreport.EN14415:2004(E) 8 8.5.2 Inspectionandtesting 8.5.2.1 Geosyntheticclaybarriers Inspectthespecimensvisuallyandreporteveryevidenceofdegradation. MeasuretheelongationatbreakofthegeotextilecomponentofgeosyntheticclaybarriersinaccordancewithEN 12226. 8.5.2.2 P
40、olymericandbituminousgeosyntheticbarriers Inspectthespecimensvisuallyandreporteveryevidenceofdegradation. PreparespecimensofgeosyntheticbarriersinaccordancewithENISO5273(specimentype5).Measurethe elongationatbreakinaccordancewithENISO5271.Determinethemeanelongationatbreak. 9Evaluation 9.1Mass differ
41、ence DeterminethedifferencebetweenM 2 andM 1 andexpressitasapercentageofM 1 ,forallofthesamplesandafter 56daysofimmersioninwater. 9.2 Mechanicalproperties 9.2.1 Geosyntheticclaybarriers ExpresstheresultsaccordingtoEN12226,butwithelongationatbreakreplacingstrainatmaximumload. 9.2.2 Polymericandbitumi
42、nousgeosyntheticbarriers Determinetheratioofthemeanelongationatbreakoftheexposedspecimens(see8.5.2.2)tothatofthecontrol specimens(see8.4.3).Expressthisratioasapercentage. NOTE Inordertoassesspossibleleachingofstabilizersthespecimenscanbesubjectedtoanoxidationtestaccordingto ENVISO13438,followedbythe
43、determinationofthetensilestrengthandelongationatbreakaccordingtoENISO5271. 10 Testreport Thetestreportshallincludethefollowinginformation: a) referencetothisstandardandtothemethodused; b) identificationofthetestlaboratory; c) identificationoftheproducttested; d) number,sizeanddirection(transverseormachine)ofspecimens; e) testtemperature; f) testduration; g)apparatusused; h) durationofdryingbeforeaconstantmasswasobtained;EN14415:2004(E) 9 i) observedresults,measurem
