1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14575:2005 Geosynthetic barriers Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation The European Standard EN 14575:2005 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.080.70; 91.100.50 BS EN 14575:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the
2、Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 24 June 2005 BSI 24 June 2005 ISBN 0 580 46166 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14575:2005. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/553, Geosynthetics, which has
3、the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section ent
4、itled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Complian
5、ce with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related in
6、ternational and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document
7、was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14575 April 2005 ICS 59.080.70; 91.100.50 English version Geosynthetic barriers - Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation Barrires gosynthtiques -
8、 Mthode dessai slective pour la dtermination de la rsistance loxydation Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Orientierungsprfung zur Bestimmung der Oxidationsbestndigkeit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 March 2005. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulation
9、s which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This Europea
10、n Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the nationa
11、l standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPE
12、AN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14575:2005: EEN 14575:2005 (
13、E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Principle5 4 Specimens 5 5 Apparatus .5 6 Conditioning.6 7 Test procedure.6 7.1 Oven temperature 6 7.2 Specimens 6 7.3 Duration of the oven test 6 7.4 Determination of mechanical properties.6 8 Test report 7 Bibliograp
14、hy 8EN 14575:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14575:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by IBN/BIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by e
15、ndorsement, at the latest by October 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2005. This document includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to imple
16、ment this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
17、 EN 14575:2005 (E) 4 Introduction In many civil engineering applications geosynthetic barriers may be in contact with water or aqueous solutions in the present soil environment. At the same time, in specific parts of the construction the geosynthetic barriers may be exposed to slowly diffusing oxyge
18、n in the soil. The presence of oxygen gives rise to a very slow oxidative degradation process. Polyolefin materials such as polypropylene and polyethylene may be relatively more sensitive to oxidative degradation than polyesters, depending on the formulation of the material and the circumstances in
19、use. It is the purpose of this document to provide a method for screening the resistance of geosynthetic barriers to oxidation in service for at least 25 years. EN 14575:2005 (E) 5 1 Scope This document specifies a test method for screening the resistance of polyethylene and polypropylene polymeric
20、and bituminous geosynthetic barriers to oxidation. The data are suitable for screening but not for deriving performance data such as lifetimes greater than 25 years, unless supported by further evidence. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application
21、of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 9862, Geosynthetics - Sampling and preparation of test specimens (ISO 9862:2005) ISO 188:1998, Rubber, vulcanised o
22、r thermoplastic - Accelerated ageing and heat-resistance tests 3 Principle Test specimens are exposed to an elevated temperature in air during a fixed time period, using a regulated laboratory oven with forced air circulation. The test specimens shall hang freely in the oven space. After the fixed t
23、ime period of oven ageing the exposed test specimens are submitted to a tensile test. The tensile strength and the elongation at break are measured for both the control specimens and the exposed specimens. NOTE The oxidative degradation of the exposed specimen may also be evaluated by comparing the
24、oxidative induction time of the specimen measured according to ASTM D 3895-03 with the oxidative induction time of the control sample. 4 Specimens The sample shall be taken in accordance with EN ISO 9862. Products shall have been manufactured at least 24 h prior to testing. The number of specimens s
25、hall be five test specimens and five control specimens, unless further specimens are required to assure statistical significance. Test and control specimens shall conform to the requirements of the relevant test method as specified in the standard pertaining to the type of application where the geos
26、ynthetic barrier will be used (see Bibliography). NOTE lt is recommended to expose additional specimens in case an extra mechanical test is required (see 7.4). 5 Apparatus A thermostatically regulated oven with forced air circulation, according to ISO 188:1998 (4.1.3), with an internal volume capabl
27、e of exposing test specimens to a temperature of (85 1) C. Glass or other chemically inert fixtures for suspending the specimens in the center of the oven, such that the specimens are spaced by a distance of not less than 10 mm, and that the distance from each wall is at least 100 mm. EN 14575:2005
28、(E) 6 A means of monitoring the temperature around the specimens at least every 15 min, e.g. calibrated thermocouples and a data logger. 6 Conditioning Conditioning of the specimens before exposure in the laboratory oven is not required. 7 Test procedure 7.1 Oven temperature Set the oven temperature
29、 at (85 1) C. Monitor the temperature at least every 15 min. NOTE For purposes other than conformity assessment alternative oven temperatures may be agreed between the interested parties. 7.2 Specimens Suspend the specimens from the fixtures. Place the specimens in the oven once the temperature has
30、reached a steady value. Place the specimens in the centre of the oven, spaced, not touching each other, and so that the distance from each wall shall be at least 100 mm. 7.3 Duration of the oven test The duration of exposure shall be 90 d. Expose the control specimens to the same oven temperature fo
31、r 16 h to 24 h, remove and store them at (23 2) C. Observe and record the effect of temperature on the control specimen. NOTE For purposes other than conformity assessment an alternative test duration may be agreed between the interested parties. 7.4 Determination of mechanical properties When the f
32、ixed time period of oven ageing has elapsed, remove the specimens. Determine - for both the control specimens and the exposed specimens - the tensile strength and elongation at break according to the relevant test method, as specified in the standard pertaining to the type of application where the g
33、eosynthetic barrier will be used. If the test on one of the specimens is invalid, a further specimen shall be tested in its place. Derive the percentage retained strength, which equals the mean tensile strength of the exposed specimens divided by that of the control specimens and expressed as a perc
34、entage. Derive the percentage retained elongation at break, which equals the mean elongation at break of the exposed specimens divided by that of the control specimens and expressed as a percentage. NOTE Practical experience has shown that, to achieve good reproducibility, the following should be ta
35、ken into account: the specimens should be placed in the middle of the oven; before each new test, the oven, the grille and the fixtures should be cleaned of any remaining residues; thermo-oxidative degradation of polymer material (e.g. polypropylene) may release substances which have a catalytic eff
36、ect; therefore, polymers containing different stabilisers should not be tested at the same time in the same oven. EN 14575:2005 (E) 7 8 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) reference to this document; b) test laboratory; c) full identification of the geosynthetic b
37、arrier; d) tensile strength of exposed and control specimens, and percentage retained strength; e) elongation at break of exposed and control specimens, and percentage retained elongation at break; f) visual observation of the effect of temperature on the control specimen; g) any deviation from this
38、 document or any factor likely to have influenced the results. EN 14575:2005 (E) 8 Bibliography 1 ASTM D 3895-03, Standard Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry 2 EN 13361:2004, Geosynthetic barriers Characteristics required for use in the const
39、ruction of reservoirs and dams 3 EN 13362:2005, Geosynthetic barriers Characteristics required for use in the construction of canals 4 EN 13491-1:2004, Geosynthetic barriers Characteristics required for use as a fluid barrier in the construction of tunnels and underground structures 5 EN 13492:2004,
40、 Geosynthetic barriers Characteristics required for use in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations or secondary containment 6 prEN 13493:1999, Geomembranes and geosynthetic clay liners - Required characteristics for use in solid waste storages and waste disposal 7 EN ISO 5
41、27-1:1996, Plastics Determination of tensile properties Part 1: General principles (ISO 527- 1:1993) including Corr 1:1994) 8 EN ISO 527-3:1995, Plastics Determination of tensile properties Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets (ISO 527-3:1995)blankBS EN 14575:2005 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road
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