1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 14647:2005Incorporating corrigendum no. 1Calcium aluminate cement Composition, specifications and conformity criteriaThe European Standard EN 14647:2005 has the status of a British StandardICS 91.100.10g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g4
2、8g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 24 06:06:15 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14647:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standa
3、rds Policy and Strategy Committee on 22 February 2006 BSI 2007ISBN 0 580 47284 1National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 14647:2005, incorporating corrigendum November 2006. It supersedes BS 915-2:1972 which will be withdrawn on 31 July 2007.The
4、start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags . Text altered by CEN corrigendum November 2006 is indicated in the text by .EN 14647 is a candidate “harmonized” European standard and fully takes into account the requirements of the European Commission
5、mandate M/114, Cement, building limes and hydraulic binders, given under the EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC), and is intended to lead to CE marking. The date of applicability of EN 14647 as a harmonized European Standard, i.e. the date after which this standard may be used for CE mar
6、king purposes, is subject to an announcement in the Official Journal of the European Communities.The Commission in consultation with Member States has agreed a transition period for the co-existence of harmonized European Standards and their corresponding national standard(s). It is intended that th
7、is period will comprise a period, usually nine months, after the date of availability of the European Standard, during which any required changes to national regulations are to be made, followed by a further period, usually of 12 months, for the implementation of CE marking. At the end of this co-ex
8、istence period, the national standard(s) will be withdrawn.EN 14647 is the subject of transitional arrangements agreed under the Commission mandate. In the UK, the corresponding national standard of national origin is BS 915-2:1972 and based on this nominal transition period of twenty-one months, BS
9、 915-2:1972 would be withdrawn in July 2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/516, Cement and lime, to Subcommittee B/516/6, Cement specifications.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments16970 Corrigendum No. 128 February 2007 See nationa
10、l forewordLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 24 06:06:15 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14647:2005iThe UK has consistently expressed concern over the use of the total water-cement (W/C) ratio in Annex A. The European concrete standard, BS EN 206-1, and its complementary British st
11、andard, BS 8500, define W/C ratio as the ratio of effective water content to cement content by mass in the fresh concrete. The effective water content is the difference between the total water present in the fresh concrete and the water absorbed by the aggregates. The total W/C ratio is based on the
12、 total water present in the fresh concrete. The UK concerns are that:A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct app
13、lication. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.durability of concrete is related to the effective water content and not the total water content; the recommended maximum total W/C ratio might be misapplied and this could lead to errors that would have a det
14、rimental effect on the durability of the concrete.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 24 06:06:15 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIblankLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 24 06:06:15 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 14647October
15、2005ICS 91.100.10English VersionCalcium aluminate cement - Composition, specifications andconformity criteriaCiment daluminates de calcium - Composition,spcifications et critres de conformitTonerdezement - Zusammensetzung, Anforderungen undKonformittskriterienThis European Standard was approved by C
16、EN on 22 July 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may
17、 be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Centra
18、l Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
19、 Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserv
20、edworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14647:2005: EIncorporating corrigendum November 2006Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 24 06:06:15 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14647:2005 (E) 2Contents PageForeword 3Introduction41 Scope.52 Normative references .53 Terms and definit
21、ions.54 Calcium aluminate cement (CAC)65 Constituents65.1 Calcium aluminate cement clinker 65.2 Grinding aids.76 Cement type and composition.77 Mechanical, physical and chemical requirements .77.1 Compressive strength 77.2 Initial setting time .77.3 Chemical requirements 88 Standard designation .89
22、Conformity criteria89.1 General requirements.89.2 Conformity criteria and evaluation procedure9Annex A (informative) Guidance for the use of calcium aluminate cement in concrete and mortar 14A.1 Introduction.14A.2 Specific characteristics of calcium aluminate cement.15A.3 Hydraulic properties .16A.4
23、 Production of calcium aluminate cement concrete20A.5 Admixtures 21A.6 Use of calcium aluminate cement in particular conditions .22A.7 Rapid test to estimate the minimum long term strength of calcium aluminate cement concretes .23A.8 Bibliography24Annex B (informative) Water-soluble hexavalent chrom
24、ium.25Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of EU Construction Products Directive .26ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics .26ZA.2 Procedure for the attestation of conformity of products .28ZA.3 CE marking and labelling .30Bibliography.33Licensed Copy:
25、Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 24 06:06:15 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14647:2005 (E) 3Foreword This European Standard (EN 14647:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement and building limes”, the secretariat of which is held by IBN/BIN. This European Standard shall be
26、given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2007. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European
27、Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this European Standard. The requirements in this European Standard are based on the results of tes
28、ts on cement in accordance with EN 196-1, -2, -3, -5, -6, and 7. The scheme for the evaluation of conformity of calcium aluminate cement is specified in EN 197-2. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement
29、 this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Lic
30、ensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 24 06:06:15 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14647:2005 (E) 4IntroductionCalcium aluminate cement was developed during the latter stages of the nineteenth century as an alternative to calcium silicate cement (Portland cement) to prevent structural elemen
31、ts from serious sulfate attack. Whilst it is suitable for sulfate resistance it was also found to be exceptionally rapid hardening and resistant to high temperatures. It was this rapid hardening property that led to more general use particularly in precast applications. The hydration of calcium alum
32、inate cement is substantially different from that of Portland cement in that the calcium aluminate hydrates formed depend upon the temperature at which hydration takes place. At low and normal temperatures (less than 40 C) the hydration process leads to a temporarily high strength. This situation ca
33、n last for several days or many years, depending mainly upon temperature and humidity, before stable long term hydrates develop. This process, known as conversion, is inevitable. It is the result of a phase transition in the hardened paste of cement and is accompanied by a decrease in strength to a
34、minimum stable level. Misunderstanding of this conversion process and unsuccessful attempts to maintain the temporary high strength led to failures in several countries during the 1960s and 1970s. In one of the reported failures, the strength of concrete, made with calcium aluminate cement, was redu
35、ced even further as a result of chemical attack. Chemical resistance is reduced when porosity of concrete is increased by a high water/cement ratio and conversion. As a result, calcium aluminate cement has been, and remains, excluded from the list of cements permitted in structural concretes in some
36、 countries. Guidance for the correct use of this cement is given in Annex A. It includes a method which allows the long term strength, i.e. after conversion, to be predicted. NOTE 1 Calcium aluminate cement can be produced in a blastfurnace, using a process of reductive fusion (a method used in Germ
37、any until the 1980s) but the cement will have a high level of sulfides which would exclude it from this European Standard. NOTE 2 Calcium aluminate cement has previously been known by several alternative names in different countries, e.g. high alumina cement; aluminous cement; high alumina melted ce
38、ment. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 24 06:06:15 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14647:2005 (E) 51 Scope This European Standard gives a general definition of calcium aluminate cement and its composition. It includes requirements for the mechanical, physical and chemical properties
39、 and also states the conformity criteria and the related rules. Calcium aluminate cement used as a constituent material of formulated mixes for specific applications (e.g. dry mixes) is outside the scope of this European Standard. NOTE Guidance for the correct use of calcium aluminate cement in conc
40、rete and mortars is given in Annex A.2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any a
41、mendments) applies. EN 197-2:2000, Cement Part 2: Conformity evaluationEN 196-1, Methods of testing cement Part 1: Determination of strengthEN 196-2, Methods of testing cement Part 2: Chemical analysis of cementEN 196-3, Methods of testing cement Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundnessEN
42、 196-7, Methods of testing cement Part 7: Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 autocontrol testing continual testing by the manufacturer of cement spot samples taken at the
43、point(s) of release from the factory/depot 3.2 control period period of production and dispatch identified for the evaluation of the autocontrol test results 3.3 characteristic value value of a required property outside of which lies a specified percentage, the percentile Pkof all the values of the
44、population 3.4 specified characteristic value characteristic value of a mechanical, physical or chemical property which in the case of an upper limit is not to be exceeded or in the case of a lower limit is, as a minimum, to be reached 3.5 single result limit values value of a mechanical, physical o
45、r chemical property which - for any single test result - in the case of an upper limit is not to be exceeded or in the case of a lower limit is, as a minimum, to be reached Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue Apr 24 06:06:15 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14647:2005 (E) 63.6 allowable pro
46、bability of acceptance CRfor a given sampling plan, the allowed probability of acceptance of cement with a characteristic value outside the specified characteristic value 3.7 sampling plan specific plan which states the (statistical) sample size(s) to be used, the percentile Pkand the allowable prob
47、ability of acceptance CR3.8 spot sample sample taken at the same time and from one and the same place, relating to the intended tests. It can be obtained by combining one or more immediately consecutive increments (see EN 196-7) 4 Calcium aluminate cement (CAC) Calcium aluminate cement is a hydrauli
48、c binder i.e. it is a finely ground inorganic material which, when mixed with water, forms a paste which sets and hardens by means of hydration reactions and processes and which, after the hydration process has produced stable hydrated phases after conversion, retains its strength and stability. Cem
49、ent conforming to this European Standard shall, when appropriately batched and mixed with aggregate and water, be capable of producing concrete or mortar which retains its workability for a sufficient time and shall after defined periods attain specified strength levels and also possess long term volume stability. The main component is monocalcium aluminate (CaOAl2O3). Other mineralogical compounds include calcium alumino-ferrites, dicalcium silicate, and calcium silico-aluminate or gehlenite. Hydraulic hardening of calcium aluminate cement is primar
